Related Research Articles
Hezbollah is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and paramilitary group. Hezbollah's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council,and its political wing is the Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese Parliament. Its armed strength was assessed to be equivalent to that of a medium-sized army in 2016.
Hassan Nasrallah was a Lebanese cleric and politician who served as the secretary-general of Hezbollah,a Shia Islamist political party and militia,from 1992 until his assassination in 2024.
Al-Manar is a Lebanese satellite television station owned and operated by the Shia Islamist political party Hezbollah,broadcasting from Beirut,Lebanon. The channel was launched on 4 June 1991 and it is a member of the Arab States Broadcasting Union. The station is considered one of Hezbollah's most important global propaganda tools,and reaches around 50 million people.
The 2006 Lebanon War,also called the 2006 Israel–Hezbollah War and known in Lebanon as the July War and in Israel as the Second Lebanon War,was a 34-day armed conflict in Lebanon,northern Israel and the Golan Heights. The principal parties were Hezbollah paramilitary forces and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). The conflict started on 12 July 2006,and continued until a United Nations-brokered ceasefire went into effect in the morning on 14 August 2006,though it formally ended on 8 September 2006 when Israel lifted its naval blockade of Lebanon.
Hezbollah,a Shia Islamist political and militant group based in Lebanon,is driven by an ideology that combines religious,political,and social elements. Founded in the early 1980s,Hezbollah's ideology is deeply rooted in Shia Islam and influenced by the Iranian Revolution. Central to its ideology is opposition to Western influence and Israeli occupation,which it frames as a struggle for justice and liberation,while also positioning Islam as a comprehensive solution to social and political issues. Hezbollah's ideological framework is articulated through its foundational documents,such as the 1985 "Open Letter" and the 2009 "New Manifesto," which emphasize themes of anti-Zionism,anti-Americanism,and the establishment of an Islamic state governed by Sharia. The movement also advocates for pan-Islamism and pan-Arabism,promoting unity among Muslims and Arabs while supporting Iran as a model of sovereignty.
Hezbollah has a military branch and is the sponsor of a number of lesser-known groups,some of which may be little more than fronts for Hezbollah itself. These groups include the Organization of the Oppressed,the Revolutionary Justice Organization,the Organization of Right Against Wrong,and Followers of the Prophet Muhammad.
Hezbollah has a Foreign Relations Unit and maintains relations with a number of foreign countries and entities. These are particularly Shia states,but also Sunni groups like those affiliated with the Palestinian cause;and the group is also suggested to have operations outside the Middle East in places such as Latin America and North Korea.
The 2006–2008 Lebanese protests were a series of political protests and sit-ins in Lebanon that began on 1 December 2006,led by groups that opposed the US and Saudi-backed government of Prime Minister Fouad Siniora and ended on 21 May 2008 with the signing of the Doha Agreement. The opposition was made up of Hezbollah,Amal,and the Free Patriotic Movement (FPM);a number of smaller parties were also involved,including the Marada party,the Lebanese Communist Party and the Syrian Social Nationalist Party. A majority of the members of the government were part of the anti-Syrian March 14 Alliance,a coalition of political parties and independents in Lebanon. The two groups were also divided along religious lines,with most Sunnis and Druze supporting the government,and most Shi'a supporting the opposition. The Christian community was split between the two factions,with Michel Aoun,the leader of the FPM,claiming to have more than 70% support among the Christians,based on the results of the 2005 parliamentary election.
The Special Tribunal for Lebanon (STL),also referred to as the Lebanon Tribunal or the Hariri Tribunal,is a tribunal of international character applying Lebanese criminal law under the authority of the United Nations to carry out the investigation and prosecution of those responsible for 14 February 2005 assassination of Rafic Hariri,the former Lebanese prime minister,and the deaths of 21 others,as well as those responsible for connected attacks.
Health in Saudi Arabia refers to the overall health of the population of Saudi Arabia. Government prioritization of preventive healthcare and environmental health began in 1925 following the establishment of a public health department. The decision to create it came after a royal decree from King Abdul Aziz Al-Saud. The government announced plans to increase taxes on soft drinks and tobacco in December 2015.
Although emphasized by the country's ruling Baath Party and improving significantly in recent years,health in Syria has been declining due to the ongoing civil war. The war which has left 60% of the population food insecure and saw the collapse of the Syrian economy,the surging prices of basic needs,the plummeting of the Syrian pound,the destruction of many hospitals nationwide,the deterioration in the functionality of some medical equipment due to the lack of spare parts and maintenance,and shortages of drugs and medical supplies due to sanctions and corruption.
Health in Israel is generally considered good.
On 9 November 2009,after five months of negotiations following the 2009 parliamentary elections,Lebanese prime minister Saad Hariri formed a national unity government.
Plain tobacco packaging,also known as generic,neutral,standardised or homogeneous packaging,is packaging of tobacco products,typically cigarettes,without any branding,including only the brand name in a mandated size,font and place on the pack,in addition to the health warnings and any other legally mandated information such as toxic constituents and tax-paid stamps. The appearance of all tobacco packs is standardised,including the colour of the pack.
Iran and Lebanon have diplomatic relations,with embassies in each other countries. Since the Iranian Revolution in 1979,the two countries have deepened relations amidst controversy in Lebanon and abroad.
Lebanon is a small middle-income country on the Eastern Mediterranean shore with a population of around 4 million Lebanese citizens,1.2 million Syrian refugees,and half a million Palestinian refugees. It is at the third stage of its demographic transition characterized by a decline in both fertility and mortality rates. Moreover,Lebanon,like many countries in the Middle East is experiencing an epidemiological transition with an increasingly ageing population suffering from chronic and non-communicable diseases. Mortality related to non-communicable diseases is 404.4 deaths per 100,000 individuals,with an estimate of 45% due to cardiovascular diseases,making them the leading cause of death in Lebanon. Lebanon has health indices that are close to those of more developed countries,with a reported life expectancy at birth of 80.1 years and an under-five mortality rate of 9.5 per 1,000 live births in 2016. Since the end of the 15-year Lebanese Civil War in 1990,Lebanon’s health indicators have significantly improved.
The Ministry of Health,commonly abbreviated to MoH,is the ministry overseeing the health care and health policy of Saudi Arabia. The ministry is tasked with formulating strategies to ensure public health in the country,while also managing crucial health infrastructure.
On 12 November 2015,two suicide bombers attacked Bourj el-Barajneh,a southern suburb of Beirut,Lebanon,that is inhabited mostly by Shia Muslims. Reports of the number of fatalities concluded that 43 people died directly from the detonation. Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) claimed responsibility for the attacks.
The Islamic Republic of Iran is a key patron of the Lebanese Shia Islamist militia and political party Hezbollah.
On 27 September 2024,Hassan Nasrallah,the secretary-general of Hezbollah,was assassinated in an Israeli airstrike in Beirut. The strike took place while Hezbollah leaders were meeting at a headquarters located 60 feet (18 m) underground beneath residential buildings in Haret Hreik in the Dahieh suburb to the south of Beirut. Conducted by the Israeli Air Force using F-15I fighters,the operation involved dropping more than 80 bombs,including US-made 2,000-pound (910 kg) bunker buster bombs,destroying the underground headquarters as well as nearby buildings. The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) codenamed the operation "New Order".
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 Devi, Sharmila (February 2019). "Lebanon's new Health Minister". The Lancet. 393 (10173): 733. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30409-X.
- ↑ "Lebanese government will likely limp toward reform". Emerald Expert Briefings. oxan–db (oxan–db). 2019-01-01. doi:10.1108/OXAN-DB241697. ISSN 2633-304X.
- ↑ "Political groups will exploit Lebanon's water failures". Emerald Expert Briefings. oxan–db (oxan–db). 2021-01-01. doi:10.1108/OXAN-DB261644. ISSN 2633-304X.
- ↑ Rebah, Makram (February 11, 2019). "Hezbollah's control of Lebanon's health ministry poses a grave danger". Al Arabiya .
- ↑ "Hezbollah picks Lebanon's new health minister - source". Reuters . January 31, 2019.
- ↑ "Hezbollah says will not use Lebanon health ministry funds for own benefit". Reuters . February 4, 2019.
- ↑ "Jabak, Abu Faour agree on measures to protect pharmaceutical industry". MTV Lebanon. May 15, 2019. Retrieved 2024-09-21.
- ↑ "Le ministre libanais de la Santé lance une nouvelle stratégie anti-tabac". L'Orient-Le Jour . June 1, 2019.
- ↑ "Electronic cigarettes soon to be legalized in Lebanon - Justine Babin". Commerce du Levant (in French). 2019-08-01. Retrieved 2024-09-21.
- ↑ "Lebanon Launches Obesity Prevention Campaign". The Media Line. 2019-08-06. Retrieved 2024-09-21.
- ↑ "Lebanon launches major campaign to slash alarming rise in obesity". Arab News. 2019-07-31. Retrieved 2024-09-21.
- ↑ "Washington Denies Visa Entry to Hezbollah's Minister". Asharq Al Awsat . September 20, 2019. Retrieved 2024-09-21.
- ↑ "Jabak partakes in Doha Forum, meets with Qatari Prime Minister". MTV Lebanon. December 14, 2019. Retrieved 2024-09-21.
- ↑ "Jabak and the WHO Launched the Lebanon Clinical Trials Registry (LBCTR), the First of its Kind in the Arab Countries". Lebanon Ministry of Public Health. Retrieved 2024-09-21.
- ↑ "Arab Hospitals Union grants Lebanese Health Minister Dr. Jamil Jabak the pioneer figure prize in appreciation of his distinct management of the medical sector in Lebanon – Al-Manar TV Lebanon". Al-Manar . January 18, 2020. Retrieved 2024-09-21.
- ↑ Bassam, Laila (December 20, 2018). "Health ministry pick to widen Hezbollah role in Lebanese state". Reuters .