Jhumar song

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Jhumur or Jhumar or Jhumair is a folk music of Sadanic language spoken by people of Chota Nagpur plateau, primarily in Jharkhand, southwestern region of West Bengal and northern part of Odisha. Also in the Tea State of Assam due to emigration. [1] Jhumar songs are sung in various social events (i.e. primarily in Karam, Tusu, Bandna) by aboriginal communities like Kuṛmi, Oraon, Chik Baraik, Bagal, Bhumij, Rajwar, Munda. [2] [3] [4] [5]

Contents

Overview

The word Jhumar derived from Jhum (Shifting cultivation), which is a regional name of the primitive way of cultivation by aboriginals in eastern India and Bangladesh. In earlier period, it was a form of shouting (locally known as Hawka/ Hanka) by working women in the form of short lines describing their emotions in the agriculture field. In the influence of Hinduism the song is colored with religious Gods like Radha Krishna, Rama Lakshmana. [1]

The Jhumar songs vary depending upon the region of singer as the Jhumar culture comprises a vast region of east india. So other dominant languages are intermixed with the song, making different dialectical songs. However, the Jhumar songs are primarily formatted in Nagpuri, Kurmali and Bengali language but as Non Ariyan tribal groups also observe the Jhumar associated festivals, So they sing in synthesized form of their native language and Nagpuri/Kurmali/Bengali language. [4] [6] In general, Jhumar songs are classified into two broad group i.e. Traditional Jhumar and Modified Jhumar. Some example of Traditional Jhumar are Adivasi Jhumur, Kathi Jhumur, Nachni Jhumur and Darbari, Pala, Dand are the examples of Modified Jhumar. [7] [8]

Adibasi, Bagalia, Baha, Bhaduria, Burihi, Chaitali, Dand, Darbari, Darsalia, Galoari, Jharkhandia, Jheta, Jhika, Jhikadang, Karam, Khatinach, Kurmali, Lagrey, Magha, Matoari, NachniNach, Pala, Pata, Raila, Riuja, Sadhu, Saharja, Tand, Thant and many more are the various disciplined Jhumar songs themed in Laukik Prem, Pouranik, Prahelika, Radha Krishna and Samajik. [1] [9]

Notable singer

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The Nagpuria people, also Nagpuri or Sadan, are an Indo-Aryan speaking ethnolinguistic group who are the native speakers of the Nagpuri language and natives of the western Chota Nagpur Plateau region of Indian states of Jharkhand, Bihar, Chhattisgarh and Odisha.

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Mukund Nayak, is an Indian artist. He is a folk singer, songwriter and dancer. Nayak is an exponent of Nagpuri folk dance Jhumar. He is recipient of the Padma Shri and Sangeet Natak Akademi Award.

Sadan are the native Indo-Aryan-speaking ethnolinguistic groups of Chota Nagpur Plateau consist of Indian state of Jharkhand and neighbouring states who speak Nagpuri, Khortha and Kurmali language as their native language.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bagal (caste)</span> Cattle herding caste of East India

Bagal is a cattle herding caste of East India. Bagal people are living in the state of West Bengal, Jharkhand and Odisha. They use Kudmali/ Manbhumi dialect of Bengali as mother tongue and use Bengali, Hindi and Odia language to communicate with the society.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maniklal Sinha</span> Indian archaeologist and writer (1916–1994)

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Nagpuri culture refers to the culture of the Nagpuria people, the native speakers of the Nagpuri language, which includes literature, festivals, folk song and dance. It is also referred to as the culture related to the Nagpuri language.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Mondal, Anindya (August 2018). "Jhumur Song: A Geo – Environmental Analysis". Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education. XV (6): 35–37. doi:10.29070/15/57671 (inactive 2024-04-26). ISSN   2230-7540. S2CID   135187216.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 (link)
  2. Singh, Kumar Suresh (2008). People of India: Bihar, including Jharkhand (2 pts). Anthropological Survey of India. ISBN   978-81-7046-302-3.
  3. Sinha, Manik Lal. "Jhumar of the West Bengal highlands". Indianculture.gov.in. Retrieved 2022-04-05.
  4. 1 2 Vakoch, Douglas A.; Anae, Nicole (2022-08-08). Indian Feminist Ecocriticism. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 40. ISBN   978-1-6669-0872-5.
  5. Sattar 1975 , p. 149
  6. Chaudhary, P.C. Roy (17 February 1968). "The Jhumur of Bengal". Mainstream. 6 (19–41): 27–28.
  7. Dey, Falguni. "Folk Culture of West Bengal". Journal of Institute of Landscape Ecology and Ekistics. 35 (1). ISSN   0971-4170.
  8. Sinha, Manik Lal (1974). Jhumar of the West Bengal highlands. Sangeet Natak Akademi, New Delhi.
  9. Narayan Chattopadhyay (1999). "Jhumur" Lokosanskriti and Adivasi Sanskriti Kendra, Kolkata.
  10. "জঙ্গলমহলের নাইটিঙ্গল". www.anandabazar.com (in Bengali). Retrieved 2022-09-06.

Further reading