Johann Baptist Franzelin

Last updated

Johannes Baptist Franzelin

Prefect of the Congregation of Indulgences and Sacred Relics
Church Roman Catholic Church
Appointed28 March 1885
Term ended11 December 1886
Predecessor Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano
Successor Tommaso Maria Zigliara
Other post(s) Cardinal-Priest of Santi Bonifacio ed Alessio (1876-86)
Orders
Ordination23 December 1849
Created cardinal3 April 1876
by Pope Pius IX
Rank Cardinal-Priest
Personal details
Born
Johann Baptist Franzelin

15 April 1816
Died11 December 1886(1886-12-11) (aged 70)
Rome, Kingdom of Italy
ParentsPellegrino Franzelin
Anna Weiser
Alma mater Collegio Romano
Pontifical Gregorian University

Johannes Baptist Franzelin (b. at Aldein, in Tyrol, 15 April 1816; d. at Rome, 11 December 1886) was an Austrian Jesuit theologian and Cardinal.

Contents

Life

Johann Baptist Franzelin was born 15 April 1816, in Aldein, Austria, the son of Pellegrino and Anna Wieser Franzelin. [1] Despite their poverty, his parents sent him at an early age to the neighboring Franciscan college at Bolzano. In 1834, he entered the Society of Jesus at Graz, and after some years spent in higher studies and teaching in Austrian Poland began in 1845 his course of theology in the Roman college of the Society, where he acted as an assistant in Hebrew, in which he was especially proficient. [2]

Driven from Rome by the revolution of 1848, he went successively to England, Belgium, and France, where he was ordained in 1849. In 1850, he returned to the Roman college as assistant professor of dogma and lecturer on Arabic, Syriac, and Chaldean. In 1853, he became prefect of studies in the German college, and, in 1857, professor of dogmatic theology in the Roman college, where he remained for nineteen years, winning for himself by his lectures and publications a foremost place among the theologians of that time. During this period, he acted as Consultor to several Roman Congregations and aided in the preliminaries of the First Vatican Council. In 1876, despite his protests, he was raised to the cardinalate by Pope Pius IX, and participated in the papal conclave of 1876 which elected Pope Leo XIII. [3]

Though of delicate heath, the appointment made little change in his scrupulously simple lifestyle. As a cardinal, his sole departure from strict adherence to the Jesuit rule was to omit the daily recreation. Moreover, though constantly engaged as prefect of the Congregation of Indulgences and Relics and consultor of several other congregations, he steadily refused the aid of a secretary. His entire income as cardinal he distributed among the poor, the foreign missions, and converts whose property had been seized by the Italian government. [2]

Cardinal Franzelin died in Rome on 11 December 1886. On the centenary of his death, his remains were exhumed and transferred to the parish church of his native Aldein. [1]

Works

As a theologian, Franzelin takes high rank. He served as papal theologian to the First Vatican Council. [1]

From the first his works were recognized as a mine of rich material for the preacher; and for years he was accustomed to receive numerous letters from priests in all parts of the world, spontaneously acknowledging the great aid in preaching they had derived from his books. Of his works, which have gone through numerous editions, the treatise "De Divina Traditione et Scriptura" (Rome, 1870; 2nd rev. ed., 1875) is considered a classic. [4] Other works include:

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">First Vatican Council</span> Synod of the Catholic church (1869–1870)

The First Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the First Vatican Council or Vatican I, was the 20th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church, held three centuries after the Council of Trent which was adjourned in 1563. The council was convoked by Pope Pius IX on 29 June 1868, under the rising threat of the Kingdom of Italy encroaching on the Papal States. It opened on 8 December 1869 and was adjourned on 20 October 1870 after the Italian Capture of Rome. Its best-known decision is its definition of papal infallibility.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pontifical Gregorian University</span> Pontifical university located in Rome, Italy

The Pontifical Gregorian University, is a higher education ecclesiastical school located in Rome, Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leo Allatius</span>

Leo Allatius was a Greek scholar, theologian, and keeper of the Vatican library.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1878 papal conclave</span> Conclave

The papal conclave held from 18 to 20 February 1878 saw the election of Vincenzo Pecci, who took the name Leo XIII as pope. Held after the death of Pius IX, who had had the longest pontificate since Saint Peter, it was the first election of a pope who would not rule the Papal States. It was the first to meet in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican because the venue used earlier in the 19th century, the Quirinal Palace, was now the palace of the king of Italy, Umberto I.

Francis Alfred Sullivan was an American Catholic theologian and a Jesuit priest, best known for his research in the area of ecclesiology and the magisterium.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Camillo Mazzella</span> Italian Catholic cardinal

Camillo Mazzella was an Italian Jesuit theologian and cardinal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pontifical Oriental Institute</span>

The Pontifical Oriental Institute, also known as the Orientale, is a Catholic institution of higher education located in Rome and focusing on Eastern Christianity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paolo Marella</span> Italian cardinal

Paolo Marella was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served in the Roman Curia following a career as a delegate of the Holy See, and was elevated to the cardinalate by Pope John XXIII in 1959.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pontificio Collegio Filippino</span>

The Pontificio Collegio Filippino, officially named the Pontificio Collegio Seminario de Nuestra Señora de la Paz y Buen Viaje, is a college for diocesan priests from the Philippines studying at pontifical universities in Rome, Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giuseppe Pecci</span>

Giuseppe Pecci was a Jesuit Thomist theologian whose younger brother, Vincenzo, became Pope Leo XIII and appointed him a cardinal. The Neo-Thomist revival, which Leo XIII and his brother Giuseppe, Cardinal Pecci originated in 1879, remained the leading papal philosophy until Vatican II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joseph Schröffer</span> Catholic cardinal

Joseph Schröffer was a German Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Secretary of the Sacred Congregation of Seminaries and Universities from 1967 to 1976, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1976.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tommaso Martinelli</span> Italian cardinal

Tommaso Maria Martinelli was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Prefect of the Congregation of Rites.

Thembavani is a Tamil classic poetical work by Veeramamunivar on the life of Saint Joseph, the earthly father of Jesus Christ. It is divided into thirty-six cantos, containing 3,615 stanzas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luigi Jacobini</span> Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal

Luigi Jacobini was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Vatican Secretary of State from 1880 until his death; he was elevated to the rank of cardinal in 1879.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giovanni Battista Tolomei</span> Italian Jesuit priest, theologian and cardinal

Giovanni Battista Tolomei, S.J., was an Italian Jesuit priest, theologian, and cardinal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roman Colleges</span>

The Roman Colleges, also referred to as the Pontifical Colleges in Rome, are institutions established and maintained in Rome for the education of future ecclesiastics of the Catholic Church. Traditionally many were for students of a particular nationality. The colleges are halls of residence in which the students follow the usual seminary exercises of piety, study in private, and review the subjects treated in class. In some colleges there are special courses of instruction but the regular courses in philosophy and theology are given in a few large central institutions, such as Pontifical Urbaniana University, the Pontifical Gregorian University, the Pontifical Lateran University, and the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum.

Wilhelm Wilmers was a German Jesuit professor of philosophy and theology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Teutonic Cemetery</span> Burial site in Vatican City

The Teutonic Cemetery is a burial site in Rome adjacent to St. Peter's Basilica. Burial is reserved for members of the Confraternity of Our Lady of the German Cemetery, which owns the cemetery. It is a place of pilgrimage for many German-speaking pilgrims.

<i>Bust of Cardinal Roberto Bellarmine</i> Sculpture by Gian Lorenzo Bernini

The Bust of Cardinal Roberto Bellarmine is a half-length portrait of Saint Robert Bellarmine by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini. It was executed in the years 1621–1624, and unveiled in August 1624. It sits in the Chiesa del Gesù, Rome. It was commissioned by Pope Gregory XV and Cardinal Odoardo Farnese after Bellarmine's death. A tomb (now-destroyed) surrounding the bust was designed by Girolamo Rainaldi, and included sculptural decoration by Bernini's father, Pietro, and Bernini's some-time assistant, Giuliano Finelli.

The Congregation for Indulgences and Sacred Relics was a body of the Roman Curia, created in 1669 and suppressed in 1904.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Miranda, Salvador. "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Biographical Dictionary". No. 107. Retrieved 2021-08-05.
  2. 1 2 Murphy, John F.X. "Johann Baptist Franzelin." The Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909.
  3. Knorn, Bernhard (2020). "Johann Baptist Franzelin (1816–86): A Jesuit Cardinal Shaping the Official Teaching of the Church at the Time of the First Vatican Council". Journal of Jesuit Studies. 7 (4). 604–605. doi: 10.1163/22141332-00704005 . ISSN   2214-1324.
  4. "Franzelin, Johann Baptist - 1910 New Catholic Dictionary - Bible Dictionary". StudyLight.org. Retrieved 2020-02-19.

PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Johann Baptist Franzelin". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company.

Sources