John A. Heffern | |
---|---|
Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs Acting | |
In office January 20, 2017 –August 23, 2017 | |
President | Donald Trump |
Preceded by | Victoria Nuland |
Succeeded by | A. Wess Mitchell |
United States Ambassador to Armenia | |
In office October 6,2011 –December 22,2014 | |
President | Barack Obama |
Preceded by | Marie L. Yovanovitch |
Succeeded by | Richard M. Mills Jr. |
Personal details | |
Born | 1953 (age 69–70) Saint Louis,Missouri |
Alma mater | Michigan State University (B.A.) |
John A. Heffern (born 1953) is an American diplomat. Heffern served as the United States Ambassador to Armenia from 2011 to 2014. [1] After being nominated on May 18,2011 by United States President Barack Obama, [2] Heffern was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on September 26,2011 [3] and sworn in as ambassador on October 6,2011. He was replaced by Ambassador Richard M. Mills Jr. in early 2015. [4]
Heffern was born in Saint Louis,Missouri,the son of Elleard Buridan Heffern and Beulah "Jo" Heffern. [5] His father served briefly in the Foreign Service,and met his wife in India. Heffern's mother is a naturalized citizen. After graduating from the Saint Louis Priory School,Heffern attended Michigan State University,receiving his B.A. in 1976.
After college,Heffern served in the office of Senator John C. Danforth (R-Mo.) as the Senator's Office Director and Research Assistant. He joined the Foreign Service in 1982 and has been a career Senior Foreign Service officer ever since. His early postings included in China,Taiwan,and Ivory Coast. He was later assigned to Kuala Lumpur,and then held postings in Washington,among them as Malaysia Desk Officer,related to Southeast Asia. From 1994 to 1996,he served as a Pearson Fellow on the Asia Subcommittee for the House International Relations Committee,for Congressman Doug Bereuter (R-Nebraska). He subsequently served as Deputy Political Counselor at the U.S. Mission to NATO (USNATO). [6] [7]
Following postings in the Human Resources Bureau in Washington as Executive Assistant to Under Secretary for Political Affairs and as Deputy Chief of Mission at U. S. Embassy,Jakarta,Indonesia,he reported in 2009 to the U. S. Mission to NATO as the Deputy Permanent Representative. Most recently,he has served as Deputy Chief of Mission (DCM) at USNATO,in Brussels,Belgium.
Initially,U. S. Senator Robert Menendez (D-N.J.) held up Heffern's nomination as a protest against President Barack Obama's "refusal to characterize the Turkish killing of Armenians during World War I as a 'genocide.'" At his confirmation hearing before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee,Heffern dodged the controversy by stating that "the characterization of those events...is a policy decision that is made by the President of the United States.", [8] [9] He was later unanimously approved by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, [10] and confirmed by the U. S. Senate.
In the fall of 2011,Heffern expressed his view that Armenia's elections in 2012 and 2013 would be "regarded as democratic," and described his meetings with Armenian president Serge Sargsyan and Foreign Minister Eduard Nalbandian as "'very good'." [11]
On April 3,2012,addressing a meeting in Yerevan,Armenia dedicated to the 20th anniversary of Armenia-U. S. relations,According to the Yerevan Report,Ambassador Heffern stated that "bilateral dialogue between the two countries is held at the highest level." [12] Proof of this includes the facts that "Armenian President Serge Sargsyan had a meeting with US President Obama and...US State Secretary Clinton paid a visit to Armenia--for the first time during the last 18 years."
Heffern followed his predecessor by posting video blogs on topics related to Armenia and his service in that country to YouTube,under the "usembassyarmenia" tag. [13]
His term ended on December 22,2014.
Heffern later served,for several months in 2017,as the Acting Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs,before being removed in August. [14]
John Marshall Evans is an American former diplomat who served as United States ambassador to Armenia. He was confirmed to this position by the U.S. Senate on June 25,2004.
Richard Eugene Hoagland is a career ambassador in the United States Department of State. He was Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary in State's Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs from 2013-2015. In the summer of 2016,based at the U.S. Embassy in Amman,Jordan,he was the senior U.S. liaison to the Russian Reconciliation Center at the Russian military base in Latakia,Syria. In 2017 he served as interim U.S. co-chair of the OSCE Minsk Group,the group appointed by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe to coordinate international peace-making efforts on the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh.
Mark Francis Brzezinski is an American lawyer serving as the United States Ambassador to Poland since 2022. He previously served as the United States Ambassador to Sweden from 2011 to 2015 under President Barack Obama.
The dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991 brought an end to the Cold War and created the opportunity for bilateral relations of the United States with Armenia and other post-Soviet states as they began a political and economic transformation. The United States recognized the independence of Armenia on 25 December 1991,and opened an embassy in the capital city of Armenia,Yerevan in February 1992.
Norman L. Eisen is an American attorney,author,and former diplomat. He is a senior fellow in governance studies at the Brookings Institution,a CNN legal analyst,and the co-founder and executive chair of the States United Democracy Center. He was co-counsel for the House Judiciary Committee during the first impeachment and trial of President Donald Trump in 2020. He served as White House Special Counsel for Ethics and Government Reform,United States Ambassador to the Czech Republic,and board chair of Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington (CREW). He is the author of four books,including The Last Palace:Europe's Turbulent Century in Five Lives and One Legendary House (2018). In 2022,he co-authored Overcoming Trumpery:How to Restore Ethics,the Rule of Law,and Democracy.
Sung Yong Kim is an American diplomat of Korean descent serving as the United States Special Representative for North Korea Policy since 2021,and previously from 2014 to 2016. He has also served as the acting Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs from January to June 2021.
Geeta Pasi is a retired American diplomat. She was the American ambassador to Djibouti from 2011 to 2014. She was appointed American ambassador to Chad in June 2016 and served until 2018. In September 2018,she left the ambassadorship to become Principal Deputy to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs.
Richard Gustave Olson Jr. is an American diplomat and career foreign service officer,who formerly served as the United States Ambassador to Pakistan. Prior to his appointment in Pakistan,Olson had served as U.S. Ambassador to the United Arab Emirates as well the Coordinating Director for Development and Economic Affairs in the U.S. Embassy,Kabul with the rank of ambassador. He is a career member of the Foreign Service,class of Career Minister.
Mark Bradley Childress is the former United States Ambassador to Tanzania and former Deputy Chief of Staff for Planning in the administration of President Obama. Previously,he served in the Department of Health and Human Services and on Capitol Hill.
Joseph Estey Macmanus is an American diplomat who served as Executive Secretary of the United States Department of State from 2014 to 2017. Prior to that,he served as the U.S. Ambassador to International Organizations in Vienna from 2012 to 2014,as well as interim coordinator for efforts to implement President Barack Obama's Iran Nuclear Deal in 2015. He was President Donald Trump's nominee to become United States Ambassador to Colombia. This nomination was reported favorably by the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations in May 2018,but was returned to the President at the close of the 115th Congress without consideration by the full Senate. In May 2019,it was announced that Philip Goldberg would replace Macmanus as nominee to be the next United States Ambassador to Colombia.
Noah Bryson Mamet is an American diplomat and businessman who served as the United States Ambassador to Argentina under U.S. President Barack Obama,serving from 2015 to 2017. He was born in Manhattan Beach,California,and worked as the National Finance Director for House Democratic Leader Richard Gephardt for nine years. He was a fundraiser for Obama's 2012 re-election campaign and was nominated as ambassador to Argentina in 2013,which was met with criticism. His appointment was filibustered by Senate Republicans,which was overcome by Senate Democrats. He resigned from office with a letter to the President on December 7,2016,and left office as ambassador on January 20,2017.
Richard Merrill Mills Jr. is an American diplomat who serves as the United States deputy ambassador to the United Nations. He served as the U.S. Chargéd'Affaires and Acting Permanent Representative to the United Nations between January 20,2021,and February 24,2021,when Linda Thomas-Greenfield became ambassador. In July 2022,he was announced as the nominee to serve as the United States ambassador to Nigeria.
Todd Crawford Chapman is an American career diplomat who has served as the United States Ambassador to Brazil and the United States Ambassador to Ecuador.
Michael Arthur Raynor is an American Foreign Service Officer specializing in relations with Africa who has served as the United States ambassador to Senegal and the United States ambassador to Guinea-Bissau since 2022. He was the United States ambassador to Ethiopia until January 2021. He previously served as the Director of the Office of Career Development and Assignments in the Bureau of Human Resources of the United States Department of State. Raynor served as United States Ambassador to Benin from 2012 to 2015 after being nominated by President Barack Obama and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. Prior to his post in Benin,he was deputy executive director and then executive director of the Bureau of African Affairs.
Donald L. Heflin is an American diplomat who served as the United States Ambassador to Cape Verde from 2015 to 2018.
Lynne M. Tracy is an American diplomat who is the United States ambassador to Russia,serving since January 2023. She formerly served as the United States ambassador to Armenia from 2019 to 2022.
John Jefferson "Jeff" Daigle is an American diplomat who serves as the United States Ambassador to Cabo Verde,being sworn in on June 28,2019. Immediately prior to his Ambassadorship,Daigle served as Acting Executive Director for the U.S. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy and Chief of Staff for the Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs. Daigle is one of five LGBT appointed ambassadors under the Trump administration.