John Neoptolemos

Last updated
John P Neoptolemos
Neoptolemos Heidelberg 2021.jpg
John P. Neoptolemos in 2021
Born
Pano Zodeia, Cyprus
Education Churchill College, Cambridge, University of London, UCSD, University of Paris, University of Ulm
Known for European Study Group for Pancreatic Cancer Research (ESPAC)
Medical career
Profession Surgeon
Institutions University of Birmingham (Dudley Road Hospital), (Queen Elizabeth Hospital), Liverpool University, University of Heidelberg (University Hospital Heidelberg)
Sub-specialties General surgery, Oncology
Research Pancreatic disease, Pancreatic cancer, Pancreatitis

John P. Neoptolemos is a British surgeon and professor who specialised in pancreas research. [1] [2] His specific areas of research are diagnosis, [3] biological predictors of treatment response [4] [5] and therapies of pancreatic cancer [6] [7] [8] as well as acute, chronic, and hereditary pancreatitis. Neoptolemos was a British Department of Health Platinum Award holder from 2004. [9] He was elected a Member of the Academia Europaea in 2019. [10]

Contents

Early life, education, career

Neoptolemos was born in Pano Zodhia, Cyprus and raised in London. He graduated from the University of Cambridge (Churchill College) (1970-1973), and at Guy's Hospital, London (1973-1976). Neoptolemos completed his academic and clinical training in Leicester under the tutelage of Professor Sir Peter Bell, [11] [12] being awarded a Doctorate in Medicine in 1986 for his thesis "Effect of surgery on monocyte function in patients with colorectal cancer". [13] During surgical training in Ulm he met Markus Büchler, together setting up the European Study for Pancreas Cancer Research (ESPAC) [14] later.

After appointments at the University of Birmingham, Neoptolemos was elected Chair of Surgery of Liverpool University and Head of Department of Surgery in 1996 [15] [16] to focus on pancreas disease research together with Professor Ole Petersen for the University, [17] [18] and to develop the surgical services of the Royal Liverpool University Hospital. [19] Neoptolemos became the director of the newly established Liverpool Clinical Trial Unit (LCTU) [20] from 1996 and the chairman of the Pancreas Tumour Multi-Disciplinary Team at the Royal Liverpool University Hospital from 2001. [21] Neoptolemos and Petersen established the National Institutes of Health Research (NIHR) Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit from 2007, renewed again in 2012. [19] In 2005 he became head of the new School of Cancer Studies. [22] From 2007 he became the director of the Cancer Research UK Liverpool Cancer Trials Unit. [23] Neoptolemos was co-director of the CRUK and NIHR Liverpool Experimental Cancer Centre from 2007 until 2012 and from then the director of the LCTU GCP Labs as well as the director the CRUK from 2011 until 2013. [24] The Cancer Research UK Liverpool Centre received the Freedom of the City of Liverpool [25] [26] on 8 February 2012. In 2014 the LCTU Cancer Research UK Liverpool Cancer Trials Unit received accreditation as National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) Cancer Trials Unit. [20] The associated Pancreas Unit became the Health Services Journal National Award Winner in 2013. [27]

National and international scientific role

Neoptolemos was the Clinical Chair for the NICE Guidelines on Pancreatic Cancer (2015-2017). [28] John Neoptolemos has been Secretary and President of the European Pancreas Club (EPC), [29] as well as President of the Pancreatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland [30] and the International Association of Pancreatology [31] (IAP). [32] As IAP President he developed the first IAP Guidelines in 2003 – on acute pancreatitis. [33] Neoptolemos received international recognition including the Lifetime Achievement Award of the EPC [34] (2013); the Ruth Brufsky Award for Pancreas Cancer Research [35] (2017); and the Henry Lynch Award for Inherited Pancreas Diseases [36] (2018).

Scientific merits

In 1989 Neoptolemos was the founder of the European Study for Pancreas Cancer Research (ESPAC) [37] [38] that has led the way for internationally collaborative pancreas cancer trials (ESPAC 1-4 trials [39] [40] [41] ). The ESPAC-1 trial was the first trial to establish the benefit of adjuvant treatment in pancreatic cancer favoring chemotherapy [42] rather than chemoradiotherapy. [43] [44] In 1997 he established the European Registry of Hereditary Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer (EUROPAC) [45] [46] for the study of genetic pancreatic diseases. In 2005 Neoptolemos co-founded the International Study Group for Pancreas Surgery (ISGPS) with Markus Büchler (Ulm) and others. [47]

Awards and honors (selection)

Books (selection)

  1. Neoptolemos JP (Ed). Cancer of the Pancreas.Clinical Gastroenterology, London, Baillière Tindall, Vol 4, No 4 1990 [50]
  2. Lemoine N, Cooke T, Neoptolemos JP (Eds). Cancer: A Molecular Approach. Oxford, Blackwell Scientific, 1993 (pp 383) [51]
  3. Neoptolemos JP, Lemoine N (Eds). Pancreatic Cancer: Molecular & Clinical Advances. Oxford, Blackwell Scientific 1996 [52]
  4. Beger HG, Warshaw A, Carr-Locke DL, Russell RCG, Buchler M, Neoptolemos JP, Saar M. (Eds). The Pancreas (Two Volumes). Boston, Blackwell Scientific 1998 (pp 1644) [53]
  5. Neoptolemos JP (Ed.). Acute Pancreatitis. Clinical Gastroenterology, London, Bailière Tindall 1999; Vol. 13, No. 2 (pp 152) [54]
  6. Gress TM, Neoptolemos JP, Lemoine NR, Real FX (Eds). Exocrine pancreas cancer. The European Pancreatic Cancer-Research Cooperative (PC-RC). Felsenstein CCCP, Hannover. 2005 (pp 531) [55]
  7. Neoptolemos JP and Bhutani MS. Fast Facts. Pancreas and Biliary Tree. Health Press Abingdon. 2006 (pp127) [56]
  8. Neoptolemos JP and Ghaneh P (Eds). Cancer of the Pancreas. Best Practice & Research in Clinical Gastroenterology. London, Baillière Tindall [57]
  9. Beger HG, Warshaw A, Büchler M, Kozarek R, Lerch M, Neoptolemos JP, Shiratori K, Whitcomb D. (Eds). The Pancreas, Second Edition. Blackwell Publishing, Massachusetts, US, 2008 (pp 1006) [58]
  10. Neoptolemos JP, Urrutia R, Abbruzzese JL, Büchler MW (Eds). Pancreatic Cancer. Springer, New York, 2010. Two Volumes (pp1335) [59]
  11. HG Beger HG, Nakao A, Neoptolemos JP, Peng SY, Sarr MG (Eds). Pancreatic Cancer, Cystic Neoplasms and Endocrine Tumors: Diagnosis and Management.Wiley Blackwell Publishers. 2018 (pp 436) [60]
  12. Beger HG, Warshaw A, Hruban R, Büchler M, Lerch M, Neoptolemos JP, Tooru Shimosegawa, Whitcomb D. (Eds). The Pancreas, Third Edition. Blackwell Publishing, Massachusetts, US, 2018 (pp 1173) [61]
  13. Neoptolemos JP, Urrutia R, Abbruzzese JL, Büchler MW (Eds). Pancreatic Cancer. Springer, New York. Second Edition. 2018. Three Volumes (pp 1642) [62]
  14. Beger HG, Warshaw A, Hruban R, Büchler M, Lerch M, Neoptolemos JP, Tooru Shimosegawa, Whitcomb D. (Eds). The Pancreas, Third Edition. The Pancreas: An Integrated Textbook of Basic Science. Chinese Edition. John Wiley & Sons Limited Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom. PO19 8SQ. ISBN 978-1-119-18839-1. 2019 [61]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pancreas</span> Organ of the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates

The pancreas is an organ of the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates. In humans, it is located in the abdomen behind the stomach and functions as a gland. The pancreas is a mixed or heterocrine gland, i.e., it has both an endocrine and a digestive exocrine function. 99% of the pancreas is exocrine and 1% is endocrine. As an endocrine gland, it functions mostly to regulate blood sugar levels, secreting the hormones insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide. As a part of the digestive system, it functions as an exocrine gland secreting pancreatic juice into the duodenum through the pancreatic duct. This juice contains bicarbonate, which neutralizes acid entering the duodenum from the stomach; and digestive enzymes, which break down carbohydrates, proteins and fats in food entering the duodenum from the stomach.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pancreatitis</span> Inflammation of the pancreas

Pancreatitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the pancreas. The pancreas is a large organ behind the stomach that produces digestive enzymes and a number of hormones. There are two main types: acute pancreatitis, and chronic pancreatitis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pancreatic cancer</span> Type of endocrine gland cancer

Pancreatic cancer arises when cells in the pancreas, a glandular organ behind the stomach, begin to multiply out of control and form a mass. These cancerous cells have the ability to invade other parts of the body. A number of types of pancreatic cancer are known.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acute pancreatitis</span> Medical condition

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas. Causes, in order of frequency, include: a gallstone impacted in the common bile duct beyond the point where the pancreatic duct joins it; heavy alcohol use; systemic disease; trauma; and, in children, mumps. Acute pancreatitis may be a single event; it may be recurrent; or it may progress to chronic pancreatitis and/or pancreatic failure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chronic pancreatitis</span> Medical condition

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing inflammation of the pancreas that alters the organ's normal structure and functions. It can present as episodes of acute inflammation in a previously injured pancreas, or as chronic damage with persistent pain or malabsorption. It is a disease process characterized by irreversible damage to the pancreas as distinct from reversible changes in acute pancreatitis. Tobacco smoke and alcohol misuse are two of the most frequently implicated causes, and the two risk factors are thought to have a synergistic effect with regards to the development of chronic pancreatitis. Chronic pancreatitis is a risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pancreaticoduodenectomy</span> Major surgical procedure involving the pancreas, duodenum, and other organs

A pancreaticoduodenectomy, also known as a Whipple procedure, is a major surgical operation most often performed to remove cancerous tumours from the head of the pancreas. It is also used for the treatment of pancreatic or duodenal trauma, or chronic pancreatitis. Due to the shared blood supply of organs in the proximal gastrointestinal system, surgical removal of the head of the pancreas also necessitates removal of the duodenum, proximal jejunum, gallbladder, and, occasionally, part of the stomach.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pancreatectomy</span> Surgical removal of the pancreas

In medicine, a pancreatectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the pancreas. Several types of pancreatectomy exist, including pancreaticoduodenectomy, distal pancreatectomy, segmental pancreatectomy, and total pancreatectomy. In total pancreatectomy, the gallbladder, distal stomach, a portion of the small intestine, associated lymph nodes and in certain cases the spleen are removed in addition to the entire pancreas. In recent years, the TP-IAT has also gained respectable traction within the medical community. These procedures are used in the management of several conditions involving the pancreas, such as benign pancreatic tumors, pancreatic cancer, and pancreatitis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pancreatic pseudocyst</span> Medical condition

A pancreatic pseudocyst is a circumscribed collection of fluid rich in pancreatic enzymes, blood, and non-necrotic tissue, typically located in the lesser sac of the abdomen. Pancreatic pseudocysts are usually complications of pancreatitis, although in children they frequently occur following abdominal trauma. Pancreatic pseudocysts account for approximately 75% of all pancreatic masses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pancreas divisum</span> Congenital disorder of digestive system

Pancreas divisum is a congenital anomaly in the anatomy of the ducts of the pancreas in which a single pancreatic duct is not formed, but rather remains as two distinct dorsal and ventral ducts. Most individuals with pancreas divisum remain without symptoms or complications. A minority of people with pancreatic divisum may develop episodes of abdominal pain, nausea or vomiting due to acute or chronic pancreatitis. The presence of pancreas divisum is usually identified with cross sectional diagnostic imaging, such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). In some cases, it may be detected intraoperatively. If no symptoms or complications are present, then treatment is not necessary. However, if there is recurrent pancreatitis, then a sphincterotomy of the minor papilla may be indicated.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency</span> Inability to properly digest food due to a lack of digestive enzymes from the pancreas

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is the inability to properly digest food due to a lack or reduction of digestive enzymes made by the pancreas. EPI can occur in humans and is prevalent in many conditions such as cystic fibrosis, Shwachman–Diamond syndrome, different types of pancreatitis, multiple types of diabetes mellitus, advanced renal disease, older adults, celiac disease, IBS-D, IBD, HIV, alcohol-related liver disease, Sjogren syndrome, tobacco use, and use of somatostatin analogues.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hereditary pancreatitis</span> Medical condition

Hereditary pancreatitis (HP) is an inflammation of the pancreas due to genetic causes. It was first described in 1952 by Comfort and Steinberg but it was not until 1996 that Whitcomb et al isolated the first responsible mutation in the trypsinogen gene (PRSS1) on the long arm of chromosome seven (7q35).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Autoimmune pancreatitis</span> Type of chronic pancreatitis

Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP) is an increasingly recognized type of chronic pancreatitis that can be difficult to distinguish from pancreatic carcinoma but which responds to treatment with corticosteroids, particularly prednisone. Although autoimmune pancreatitis is quite rare, it constitutes an important clinical problem for both patients and their clinicians: the disease commonly presents itself as a tumorous mass which is diagnostically indistinguishable from pancreatic cancer, a disease that is much more common in addition to being very dangerous. Hence, some patients undergo pancreatic surgery, which is associated to substantial mortality and morbidity, out of the fear by patients and clinicians to undertreat a malignancy. However, surgery is not a good treatment for this condition as AIP responds well to immunosuppressive treatment. There are two categories of AIP: Type 1 and Type 2, each with distinct clinical profiles.

Markus Wolfgang Büchler is a German surgeon and university full professor. He specialises in gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary and transplant surgery, and is especially known for pioneering operations on the pancreas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SPINK1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) also known as serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 1 (SPINK1) or tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPINK1 gene.

Surgical Outcomes Analysis & Research, SOAR, is a research laboratory of the Department of Surgery at Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center with expertise in outcomes research. SOAR investigates surgical diseases and perioperative outcomes. The group focuses on pancreatic cancer, other gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary malignancies, vascular disease, and transplant surgery. SOAR's goal is to examine quality, delivery, and financing of care in order to have an immediate impact on patient care and system improvements. The group members utilize national health services and administrative databases, as well as institutional databases, to investigate and to address factors contributing to disease outcomes and healthcare disparities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm</span> Medical condition

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is a type of tumor that can occur within the cells of the pancreatic duct. IPMN tumors produce mucus, and this mucus can form pancreatic cysts. Although intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms are benign tumors, they can progress to pancreatic cancer. As such IPMN is viewed as a precancerous condition. Once an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm has been found, the management options include close monitoring and pre-emptive surgery.

The European Registry of Hereditary Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer (EUROPAC) was started by John Neoptolemos and colleagues in 1997 and has become the world’s most extensive study on hereditary pancreatic diseases. It enabled discovery of several genetic characteristics causative for hereditary pancreatitis and familial pancreatic cancer.

Type 3c diabetes is diabetes that comes secondary to pancreatic diseases, involving the exocrine and digestive functions of the pancreas. It also occurs following surgical removal of the pancreas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lexipafant</span> Chemical compound

Lexipafant is a drug which acts as a potent and selective inhibitor of the phospholipid mediator platelet-activating factor (PAF). It was developed in the 1990s by British Biotech with several potential applications, including HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder and acute pancreatitis. Initial results were encouraging and it progressed as far as Phase III clinical trials, but final analysis of trial results showed that it failed to improve survival rates in pancreatitis despite some symptomatic improvement, and it was ultimately discontinued from development as a medicine, though it continues to be used as a model PAF inhibitor for pharmacology research.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christoph Michalski</span>

Christoph Michalski is a German surgeon. He is Director of the Department of General, Abdominal, and Transplant Surgery at Heidelberg University Hospital. He is a full Professor of Surgery and Chair of General Surgery at Heidelberg University.

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  39. ↑ Neoptolemos, John P.; Stocken, Deborah D.; Bassi, Claudio; Ghaneh, Paula; Cunningham, David; Goldstein, David; Padbury, Robert; Moore, Malcolm J.; Gallinger, Steven; Mariette, Christophe; Wente, Moritz N.; Izbicki, Jakob R.; Friess, Helmut; Lerch, Markus M.; Dervenis, Christos; Oláh, Attila; Butturini, Giovanni; Doi, Ryuichiro; Lind, Pehr A.; Smith, David; Valle, Juan W.; Palmer, Daniel H.; Buckels, John A.; Thompson, Joyce; McKay, Colin J.; Rawcliffe, Charlotte L.; Büchler, Markus W.; European Study Group for Pancreatic Cancer, for the (8 September 2010). "Adjuvant Chemotherapy With Fluorouracil Plus Folinic Acid vs Gemcitabine Following Pancreatic Cancer Resection: A Randomized Controlled Trial". JAMA. 304 (10): 1073–1081. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1275. PMID   20823433.
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  42. ↑ Neoptolemos, John P.; Stocken, Deborah D.; Friess, Helmut; Bassi, Claudio; Dunn, Janet A.; Hickey, Helen; Beger, Hans; Fernandez-Cruz, Laureano; Dervenis, Christos; Lacaine, François; Falconi, Massimo; Pederzoli, Paolo; Pap, Akos; Spooner, David; Kerr, David J.; Büchler, Markus W. (18 March 2004). "A Randomized Trial of Chemoradiotherapy and Chemotherapy after Resection of Pancreatic Cancer". New England Journal of Medicine. 350 (12): 1200–1210. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa032295 . PMID   15028824.
  43. ↑ Gottlieb, Scott (2004). "Resectable pancreatic cancer needs surgery, then chemotherapy". BMJ: British Medical Journal. 328 (7441): 661. doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7441.661-a. ISSN   0959-8138. JSTOR   41707160. PMC   381249 .
  44. ↑ "John P. Neoptolemos, MD, PhD, on Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Results of the ESPAC-4 Trial - The ASCO Post". ascopost.com. Retrieved 2022-03-01.
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  46. ↑ Gong, Yuanfeng; Zhou, Quanbo; Zhou, Yu; Lin, Qing; Zeng, Bing; Chen, Rufu; Li, Zhihua (2012). "Gastrectomy and risk of pancreatic cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies". Cancer Causes & Control. 23 (8): 1279–1288. doi:10.1007/s10552-012-0005-z. ISSN   0957-5243. JSTOR   23255042. PMID   22674223. S2CID   18572084.
  47. ↑ Bassi, Claudio; Dervenis, Christos; Butturini, Giovanni; Fingerhut, Abe; Yeo, Charles; Izbicki, Jakob; Neoptolemos, John; Sarr, Michael; Traverso, William; Buchler, Marcus (July 2005). "Postoperative pancreatic fistula: An international study group (ISGPF) definition". Surgery. 138 (1): 8–13. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2005.05.001. PMID   16003309.
  48. ↑ "The Lord Smith Medal | Pancreatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland". www.psgbi.org. Retrieved 2023-10-18.
  49. ↑ "Ehrenmitglieder". www.dgch.de. Retrieved 2023-10-18.
  50. ↑ Kingsnorth, A (2005-12-06). "Baillière's clinical gastroenterology: Cancer of the pancreas. J. P. Neoptolemos, ed. 229 × 152 mm. Illustrated. 1990. London: Baillière Tindall, £27.50". British Journal of Surgery. 78 (7): 892. doi:10.1002/bjs.1800780747. ISSN   0007-1323.
  51. ↑ Cancer : a molecular approach. Nicholas R. Lemoine, John Neoptolemos, T. Cooke. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications. 1994. ISBN   0-632-03511-0. OCLC   27727126.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  52. ↑ Schein, M (2005-12-06). "Pancreatic cancer. Molecular and clinical advances. J. P. Neoptolemos and N. R. Lemoine (eds). 250 × 775 mm. Pp. 346. Illustrated. 1995. Oxford: Blackwell Science. £59.50". British Journal of Surgery. 83 (6): 876. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800830657 . ISSN   0007-1323.
  53. ↑ The pancreas. H. G. Beger. Oxford: Blackwell Science. 1998. ISBN   0-86542-420-9. OCLC   36352744.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  54. ↑ Neoptolemos, John P (1999). Acute Pancreatitis, Bailliere's best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology. London: Bailliere Tindall. p. 152.
  55. ↑ Exocrine pancreas cancer the European Pancreatic Cancer-Research Cooperative (EPC-RC). Thomas Mathias Gress. Hannover. 2005. ISBN   978-3-00-016372-2. OCLC   181519963.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
  56. ↑ Neoptolemos, John P. (2006). Diseases of the pancreas and biliary tract. Manoop S. Bhutani. Abingdon: Health Press. ISBN   978-1-905832-22-4. OCLC   746746637.
  57. ↑ "Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology | Pancreatic Cancer | ScienceDirect.com by Elsevier". www.sciencedirect.com. Retrieved 2023-10-18.
  58. ↑ The pancreas : an integrated textbook of basic science, medicine, and surgery. H. G. Beger (2 ed.). Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Pub. 2008. ISBN   978-1-4443-0012-3. OCLC   352835994.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  59. ↑ Pancreatic cancer. John Neoptolemos, Raul Urrutia, James L. Abbruzzese, Markus Büchler (1 ed.). New York, NY. 2018. ISBN   978-1-4939-7193-0. OCLC   1031374838.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
  60. ↑ Pancreatic cancer, cystic neoplasms and endocrine tumors : diagnosis and management. H. G. Beger, Akimasa Nakao, John Neoptolemos, Shu You Peng, Michael G. Sarr. Chichester, West Sussex. 2016. ISBN   978-1-118-30783-0. OCLC   898433581.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
  61. 1 2 The pancreas : an integrated textbook of basic science, medicine, and surgery. H. G. Beger (3 ed.). Wiley. 2018. ISBN   978-1-119-18841-4. OCLC   1065547789.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  62. ↑ Pancreatic cancer. John Neoptolemos, Raul Urrutia, James L. Abbruzzese, Markus Büchler (2 ed.). New York, NY. 2018. ISBN   978-1-4939-7193-0. OCLC   1031374838.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
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