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References
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- ↑ Richard, John P.; Rothenberg, Marc E.; Jencks, William P. (March 5, 1984). "Formation and stability of ring-substituted 1-phenylethyl carbocations". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 106 (5): 1361–1372. doi:10.1021/ja00317a031 – via CrossRef.
- ↑ Richard, John P.; Jencks, William P. (March 5, 1984). "Concerted bimolecular substitution reactions of 1-phenylethyl derivatives". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 106 (5): 1383–1396. doi:10.1021/ja00317a033 – via CrossRef.
- ↑ Jencks, William P. (June 1, 1980). "When is an intermediate not an intermediate? Enforced mechanisms of general acid-base, catalyzed, carbocation, carbanion, and ligand exchange reaction". Accounts of Chemical Research. 13 (6): 161–169. doi:10.1021/ar50150a001 – via CrossRef.
- ↑ Richard, John P. (February 6, 1995). "A consideration of the barrier for carbocation-nucleophile combination reactions". Tetrahedron. 51 (6): 1535–1573. doi:10.1016/0040-4020(94)01019-V – via ScienceDirect.
- ↑ Amyes, Tina L.; Richard, John P. (December 5, 1992). "Generation and stability of a simple thiol ester enolate in aqueous solution". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 114 (26): 10297–10302. doi:10.1021/ja00052a028 – via CrossRef.
- ↑ Amyes, Tina L.; Richard, John P. (July 5, 2017). "Substituent Effects on Carbon Acidity in Aqueous Solution and at Enzyme Active Sites". Synlett: Accounts and Rapid Communications in Synthetic Organic Chemistry. 28 (12): 2407–2421. doi:10.1055/s-0036-1588778. PMC 5630183 . PMID 28993718.
- ↑ Richard, J. P.; Amyes, T. L.; Toteva, M. M. (December 5, 2001). "Formation and stability of carbocations and carbanions in water and intrinsic barriers to their reactions". Accounts of Chemical Research. 34 (12): 981–988. doi:10.1021/ar0000556. PMID 11747416 – via PubMed.
- ↑ Richard, J. P.; Amyes, T. L.; Williams, K. B. (October 30, 1998). "Intrinsic barriers to the formation and reaction of carbocations". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 70 (10): 2007–2014. doi: 10.1351/pac199870102007 .
- ↑ Richard, J. P.; Huber, R. E.; Heo, C.; Amyes, T. L.; Lin, S. (September 24, 1996). "Structure-reactivity relationships for beta-galactosidase (Escherichia coli, lac Z). 4. Mechanism for reaction of nucleophiles with the galactosyl-enzyme intermediates of E461G and E461Q beta-galactosidases". Biochemistry. 35 (38): 12387–12401. doi:10.1021/bi961029b. PMID 8823174 – via PubMed.
- ↑ Tsang, Wing-Yin; Wood, B. McKay; Wong, Freeman M.; Wu, Weiming; Gerlt, John A.; Amyes, Tina L.; Richard, John P. (September 5, 2012). "Proton transfer from C-6 of uridine 5'-monophosphate catalyzed by orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase: formation and stability of a vinyl carbanion intermediate and the effect of a 5-fluoro substituent". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 134 (35): 14580–14594. doi:10.1021/ja3058474. PMC 3434256 . PMID 22812629.
- ↑ Richard, John P.; Amyes, Tina L.; Reyes, Archie C. (April 17, 2018). "Orotidine 5'-Monophosphate Decarboxylase: Probing the Limits of the Possible for Enzyme Catalysis". Accounts of Chemical Research. 51 (4): 960–969. doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00059. PMC 6016548 . PMID 29595949.
- ↑ Zhai, Xiang; Reinhardt, Christopher J.; Malabanan, M. Merced; Amyes, Tina L.; Richard, John P. (July 5, 2018). "Enzyme Architecture: Amino Acid Side-Chains That Function To Optimize the Basicity of the Active Site Glutamate of Triosephosphate Isomerase". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 140 (26): 8277–8286. doi:10.1021/jacs.8b04367. PMC 6037162 . PMID 29862813.
- ↑ Richard, J. P. (May 5, 1993). "Mechanism for the formation of methylglyoxal from triosephosphates". Biochemical Society Transactions. 21 (2): 549–553. doi:10.1042/bst0210549. PMID 8359530 – via PubMed.
- ↑ Richard, John P; Amyes, Tina L; Crugeiras, Juan; Rios, Ana (October 1, 2009). "Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate: electrophilic catalyst extraordinaire". Current Opinion in Chemical Biology. 13 (4): 475–483. doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.06.023. PMC 2749917 . PMID 19640775.
- ↑ Nagorski, R. W.; Richard, J. P. (February 7, 2001). "Mechanistic imperatives for aldose-ketose isomerization in water: specific, general base- and metal ion-catalyzed isomerization of glyceraldehyde with proton and hydride transfer". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 123 (5): 794–802. doi:10.1021/ja003433a. PMID 11456612 – via PubMed.
- ↑ Morrow, Janet R.; Amyes, Tina L.; Richard, John P. (April 1, 2008). "Phosphate Binding Energy and Catalysis by Small and Large Molecules". Accounts of Chemical Research. 41 (4): 539–548. doi:10.1021/ar7002013. PMC 2652674 . PMID 18293941.
- ↑ Fernandez, Patrick L.; Nagorski, Richard W.; Cristobal, Judith R.; Amyes, Tina L.; Richard, John P. (February 24, 2021). "Phosphodianion Activation of Enzymes for Catalysis of Central Metabolic Reactions". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 143 (7): 2694–2698. doi:10.1021/jacs.0c13423. PMC 7919737 . PMID 33560827.
- ↑ Richard, John P. (August 2, 2022). "Enabling Role of Ligand-Driven Conformational Changes in Enzyme Evolution". Biochemistry. 61 (15): 1533–1542. doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00178. PMC 9354746 . PMID 35829700.
- ↑ Richard, John P. (February 27, 2019). "Protein Flexibility and Stiffness Enable Efficient Enzymatic Catalysis". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 141 (8): 3320–3331. doi:10.1021/jacs.8b10836. PMC 6396832 . PMID 30703322.
- ↑ Koshland, D. E. (February 5, 1958). "Application of a Theory of Enzyme Specificity to Protein Synthesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 44 (2): 98–104. Bibcode:1958PNAS...44...98K. doi: 10.1073/pnas.44.2.98 . PMC 335371 . PMID 16590179.
- ↑ Albery, W. J.; Knowles, J. R. (December 14, 1976). "Evolution of enzyme function and the development of catalytic efficiency". Biochemistry. 15 (25): 5631–5640. doi:10.1021/bi00670a032. PMID 999839 – via PubMed.
- ↑ Fernandez, Patrick L.; Richard, John P. (December 6, 2022). "Adenylate Kinase-Catalyzed Reactions of AMP in Pieces: Specificity for Catalysis at the Nucleoside Activator and Dianion Catalytic Sites". Biochemistry. 61 (23): 2766–2775. doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00531. PMC 9731266 . PMID 36413937.
- ↑ Cristobal, Judith R.; Nagorski, Richard W.; Richard, John P. (August 1, 2023). "Utilization of Cofactor Binding Energy for Enzyme Catalysis: Formate Dehydrogenase-Catalyzed Reactions of the Whole NAD Cofactor and Cofactor Pieces". Biochemistry. 62 (15): 2314–2324. doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00290. PMC 10399567. PMID 37463347 – via PubMed.
- ↑ Jencks, William P. (January 5, 1975). "Binding Energy, Specificity, and Enzymic Catalysis: The Circe Effect". In Meister, Alton (ed.). Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology. Vol. 43. Wiley. pp. 219–410. doi:10.1002/9780470122884.ch4. ISBN 978-0-471-59178-8. PMID 892 – via CrossRef.
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