John Spengler | |
---|---|
Nationality | American |
Known for | Faculty member in the Harvard Department of Environmental Science and Public Policy and Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences |
Awards | 9th Annual Heinz Award |
Academic background | |
Education | University of Notre Dame |
Alma mater | Harvard University |
Academic work | |
Discipline | Health |
Sub-discipline | Personal monitoring,the health effects of air and other environmental pollution,indoor air pollution,and other environmental sustainability issues |
Institutions | Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health |
John Daniel Spengler is an American health scholar currently serving as the Akira Yamaguchi Professor of Environmental Health and Human Habitation at Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health and a faculty member in the Harvard Department of Environmental Science and Public Policy and Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences. [1] [2] [3]
Spengler earned a Bachelor of Science degree in physics from the University of Notre Dame,a Master of Science in environmental health sciences from Harvard University,Master of Science from the Harvard School of Public Health,and PhD in Atmospheric Sciences from University at Albany,SUNY. [4] [5]
Spengler has conducted research personal monitoring,the health effects of air and other environmental pollution,indoor air pollution,and other environmental sustainability issues.
He chaired the committee on Harvard Sustainability Principles,served on Harvard's Greenhouse Gases Taskforce to develop the university's carbon reduction goals and strategies,and was a member of Harvard's Greenhouse Gases Executive Committee.
He has been an advisor to the World Health Organization on indoor air pollution,personal exposure,and air pollution epidemiology.
In 2003,Spengler received the 9th Annual Heinz Award for outstanding contributions to research related to the environment. [6]
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of any substance or energy. Pollutants,the components of pollution,can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants.
Environmental science is an interdisciplinary academic field that integrates physics,biology,meteorology,mathematics and geography to the study of the environment,and the solution of environmental problems. Environmental science emerged from the fields of natural history and medicine during the Enlightenment. Today it provides an integrated,quantitative,and interdisciplinary approach to the study of environmental systems.
Indoor air quality (IAQ) is the air quality within buildings and structures. Poor indoor air quality due to indoor air pollution is known to affect the health,comfort,and well-being of building occupants. It has also been linked to sick building syndrome,respiratory issues,reduced productivity,and impaired learning in schools. Common pollutants of indoor air include:secondhand tobacco smoke,air pollutants from indoor combustion,radon,molds and other allergens,carbon monoxide,volatile organic compounds,legionella and other bacteria,asbestos fibers,carbon dioxide,ozone and particulates.
A gas stove is a stove that is fuelled by flammable gas such as natural gas,propane,butane,liquefied petroleum gas or syngas. Before the advent of gas,cooking stoves relied on solid fuels,such as coal or wood. The first gas stoves were developed in the 1820s and a gas stove factory was established in England in 1836. This new cooking technology had the advantage of being easily adjustable and could be turned off when not in use. The gas stove,however,did not become a commercial success until the 1880s,by which time supplies of piped gas were available in cities and large towns in Britain. The stoves became widespread on the European Continent and in the United States in the early 20th century.
The Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health is the public health school of Harvard University,located in the Longwood Medical Area of Boston,Massachusetts. The school grew out of the Harvard-MIT School for Health Officers,the nation's first graduate training program in population health,which was founded in 1913 and then became the Harvard School of Public Health in 1922.
C. Arden Pope III is an American professor of economics at Brigham Young University and one of the world's foremost experts in environmental science. He received his B.S. from Brigham Young University (BYU) in 1978 and his Ph.D. in economics and statistics from Iowa State University in 1981. Although his research includes many papers on topics in the fields in which he was trained—environmental economics,resource economics,and agricultural economics—he is better known for his cross-disciplinary work in environmental epidemiology and public health. He is world-renowned for his seminal work on the effects of particulate air pollution on mortality and health. His articles have helped establish the connection between air pollution and health problems,including cancer,cardiovascular,and pulmonary disease. These research findings have influenced environmental policy in the United States and Europe,contributing to the establishment of emission standards for particulate matter pollution.
Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of substances called pollutants in the atmosphere that are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings,or cause damage to the climate or to materials. It is also the contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment either by chemical,physical,or biological agents that alters the natural features of the atmosphere. There are many different types of air pollutants,such as gases,particulates and biological molecules. Air pollution can cause diseases,allergies,and even death to humans;it can also cause harm to other living organisms such as animals and crops,and may damage the natural environment or built environment. Air pollution can be caused by both human activities and natural phenomena.
Rosina M. Bierbaum is currently the Roy F. Westin Chair in Natural Economics and Research Professor at the University of Maryland's School of Public Policy. She is also a professor and former dean at the University of Michigan School of Natural Resources and Environment (SNRE). She was hired in October 2001,by then-University of Michigan President,Lee Bollinger. She is also the current Chair of The Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel (STAP) that provides independent scientific and technical advice to the GEF on its policies,strategies,programs,and projects.
Paul James Lioy was a United States environmental health scientist born in Passaic,New Jersey,working in the field of exposure science. He was one of the world's leading experts in personal exposure to toxins. He published in the areas of air pollution,airborne and deposited particles,Homeland Security,and Hazardous Wastes. Lioy was a professor and division director at the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health,Rutgers University - School of Public Health. Until 30 June 2015 he was a professor and vice chair of the Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine,Rutgers University - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. He was deputy director of government relations and director of exposure science at the Rutgers Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute in Piscataway,New Jersey.
Joel Schwartz is an American epidemiologist,and Professor of Environmental Epidemiology,at Harvard University,School of Public Health.
Kirk R. Smith was an American expert on the health and climate effects of household energy use in developing nations. He held a professorship in Global Environmental Health at the University of California,Berkeley,where his research focused on the relationships among environmental quality,health,resource use,climate,development,and policy in developing countries. Smith contributed a great deal to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC),and the work of the IPCC was recognized by the joint award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize. Smith was a recipient of the 2012 Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement for his work with cookstoves,health,and climate. He is also credited with designing and implementing the first randomized controlled trial of the health effects of indoor air pollution (IAP) from cookstoves.
Daniel Sperling is the American founding Director of the Institute of Transportation Studies at the University of California,Davis (ITS-Davis);Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering;Professor of Environmental Science and Policy;and Faculty Director of the Policy Institute for Energy,Environment,and the Economy at the University of California,Davis.
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Margo T. Oge is an American engineer and environmental regulator who served as the director of the Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Radiation and Indoor Air from 1990 to 1994 and director of the Office of Transportation and Air Quality from 1994 to 2012. Beginning in 2009,Oge lead the EPA team that authored the 2010-2016 and the 2017-2025 Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards. By 2025,these rules require automakers to halve the greenhouse gas emissions of cars and light duty trucks while doubling fuel economy. These rules were the US federal government's first regulatory actions to reduce greenhouse gases.
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