A functionally classified barn is a barn whose style is best classified by its function. Barns that do not fall into one of the broader categories of barn styles, such as English barns or crib barns, can best be classified by some combination of two factors, region and usage. Examples of barns classified by function occur worldwide and include apple barn, rice barn, potato barn, hop barn, tobacco barn, cattle barn, and the tractor barn. In addition, some barns incorporate their region into their style classification. Examples include the Wisconsin dairy barn, Pennsylvania bank barn, or the Midwest feeder barn.
The tobacco barn, a type of functionally classified barn found in the USA, was once an essential ingredient in the process of air-curing tobacco. In the 21st century they are fast disappearing from the landscape in places where they were once ubiquitous. The barns have declined with the tobacco industry in general, and U.S. States such as Maryland actively discourage tobacco farming. When the US tobacco industry was at its height, tobacco barns were found everywhere the crop was grown. Tobacco barns were as unique as each area in which they were erected, and there is no one design that can be described as a tobacco barn.
Roberts Inn, is a historic home and farm located at Cooksville, Howard County, Maryland. The complex consists of a 2+1⁄2-story stuccoed stone house with a reconstructed log wing built about 1808, and several 19th- to early-20th-century agricultural outbuildings, including a frame bank barn, a frame ground barn, a tile dairy, and a frame silo. The construction of the house coincided with the extension of the National Pike through the Cooksville area. Documentary and architectural evidence supports its use as a turnpike tavern from an early date. Tradition holds that Marquis de Lafayette breakfasted at Roberts Inn during his 1824 tour of America.
Cornehill is a historic home located at Parran, Calvert County, Maryland, United States. It is a five-bay-long two-story Georgian brick house laid in Flemish bond with a steeply pitched gable roof with an exterior chimney at each gable end. One brick on the southwest corner contains the date 1786 and the initials "T.F." The initials purportedly refer to Thelbert Freeland, a member of an influential family in northeastern Calvert County. Outbuildings include slave quarters to the south of the house, and a tobacco barn with oak framing. During the majority of the 18th century, the Mackall family, large Calvert County landowners, held Cornehill, or "Cornhill."
La Veille, or La Veille Place, is a historic home located at Mutual, Calvert County, Maryland, United States. It is a 1+1⁄2-story gambrel-roofed brick house, of Flemish bond construction. A number of early-19th-century outbuildings include: a log corn crib, three barns, several small sheds, and a frame house that was created by the joining of two 18th-century log slave quarters. Between the "Quarters" and the main house is the La Veille family cemetery, enclosed within an elaborate late-19th-century wrought iron fence.
Parkhurst is a historic home at Harwood, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It is a large two-story frame house with a complex floor plan, reflecting the evolution of the dwelling. The original Gothic Revival vernacular, center-passage, double-pile plan house was constructed about 1848-1850 by Richard S. Mercer. Alterations and additions were made in the early 20th century, giving the house a Neoclassical appearance. Also on the property are a timber framed mid-19th century smokehouse and an early-20th century frame tobacco barn.
Rosehill is a historic home and property at Gambrills, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. The property consists of 17 acres (69,000 m2) of partially wooded and cleared land on which are located a dwelling and six outbuildings. The dwelling displays a complex construction evolution originating from a mid-18th-century frame, 1+1⁄2-story double-pile plan house with an unusual short side passage. This is believed to be the first documented example of this form in the Chesapeake Bay region. The six outbuildings include an early-19th-century frame corn house, a documented 1821 frame tobacco barn, a log outbuilding, a late-19th-century stable, and a late-19th- or early-20th-century pumphouse. The Hopkins family owned the property for 173 years, from 1799 until 1972.
James Owens Farm is a historic home and farm at Bristol, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. The home was built by successful tobacco farmer James Owens and is a large mid-19th century, two-story brick cross-gable late Greek Revival/Italianate dwelling. Outbuildings are all of frame construction and include an early 19th-century cornhouse, an early 19th-century tobacco barn, a mid-19th-century board-and-batten kitchen, carriage house, and smokehouse, and a late 19th-century chicken house.
Freetown Rosenwald School is a historic Rosenwald school building in the historic African American community of Freetown at Glen Burnie, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It is a simple, one-story, gable-roofed, rectangular frame building. The exterior walls are sheathed in aluminum siding and the gable roof is covered with asphalt shingles and displays minimal overhang. It was built in 1924–25, by the school construction program of the Julius Rosenwald Fund, to serve the local African American community. It is one of ten Rosenwald Schools surviving in Anne Arundel County.
Tracy's Landing Tobacco House No. 2 is a historic tobacco barn at Tracy's Landing, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It is a 24’3" by 45’2" heavy timber framed tobacco barn with a construction date of 1805. It is the earliest identified tobacco house extant in Anne Arundel County, and is one of the earliest recorded examples of this type of agricultural building in Tidewater Maryland.
McPherson's Purchase is a historic farm complex dating to the 19th century and located near Pomfret, Charles County, Maryland, United States.
Retreat is a historic home located at Port Tobacco, Charles County, Maryland, United States. It is a one-story, clapboard-sheathed, frame house with a double chimney. The principal part of the house was built about 1770. Also located on the property is a frame, pyramid-roofed meathouse, dating from the early 19th century, and moved here from another historic property in the county known as "Brentland" in 1953. The home, approached by a private gravel road, is surrounded by cultivated fields, meadows, and woodland, preserving its original agricultural and rural setting. The house is one of the earliest known examples of the side-passage, two-room dwelling in Charles County. It is associated with Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer and Daniel Jenifer.
Spye Park is a historic home located at White Plains, Charles County, Maryland, United States. It is a modestly scaled, 1+1⁄2-story, three-bay frame Colonial dwelling built about 1767. The house's present plan and appearance is the result of a series of 19th- and early-20th-century alterations to the original structure, which was a rectangular, one-room-deep building with end chimneys. Also on the property is a timber-framed tobacco barn, a former animal barn, a cornhouse, a poultry house/machine shed, and a wellhouse.
Thainston is a farm complex and national historic district in La Plata, Charles County, Maryland, United States. The main house is a two-story, L-shaped brick house built in 1865 and enlarged early in the 20th century. It was designed by Eben Faxon, a Baltimore architect, and constructed under the supervision of Charles Ogle, a building contractor also from Baltimore. The farm developed between 1865 and the 1930s. Included on the property are a number of early dependencies, including a wellhouse, a brick dairy, a storage building, and a meathouse. A frame garage and large chicken house, both dating from the early 1900s, are on the property. There is also a collection of agricultural buildings including: tobacco barns, cattle barns, and equipment sheds clustered around a corncrib/granary. There are three frame tenant houses, several associated sheds, a probably early building site, an early well, a pit remaining from a former ice house, and the former ice ponds. Another early-20th century building, a tobacco barn, stands in a field to the west of the main grouping of agricultural buildings.
Rufus Wilson Complex is a group of historic buildings located at Clear Spring, Washington County, Maryland, United States. The property includes a complex of mid-late 19th century buildings which create the center of a small rural settlement named Conococheague located on the National Road. The main house is a large brick dwelling with a mansard roof. This house incorporates a 2+1⁄2-story limestone dwelling built about 1850 by Rufus Wilson, which was enlarged to its present Second Empire style in the last quarter of the 19th century. Adjacent to the house is a brick post office and store, built about 1880 by Wilson, with an attached feed room of frame construction with weatherboard siding. A carriage house built about 1882 is located immediately behind the store and a bank barn and grazing area are located at the rear of these buildings. Also on the property is a small frame corn crib.
Plinlimmon Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at Owings Mills, Baltimore County, Maryland. It is an early 19th-century farmhouse of log construction clad in novelty siding. It is composed of six irregularly spaced bays, one room deep, and two and a half stories high with a gable roof. Also on the property is a stone building with a gable roof built about 1850, a frame two-bay garage, a small rectangular smokehouse built about 1850, a large mid-19th century cornhouse, and an early 20th-century frame barn.
Best Endeavor, also known as Buena Vista Farm, is a historic home and farm complex located at Churchville, Harford County, Maryland. It is a large, multi-sectioned, mid to late 18th century, partially stuccoed stone telescope house. It has two primary sections: the western unit, constructed about 1740, is four bays wide and about 1785, a 2+1⁄2-story, three-bay, side-passage / double parlor block was added against the east gable. Also on the property and dating from the mid-19th century or earlier are a stone smokehouse, a timber-framed barn with board and batten siding, a timber-framed shed, and the ruin of a large stone and frame bank barn.
Sudler's Conclusion is a historic home located at Manokin, Somerset County, Maryland. It is a two-part house consisting of a 1+1⁄2-story, early-18th-century Flemish bond brick section with a frame two-story west wing erected about 1840. Also on the property is a log smokehouse, frame tobacco barn, and a small private cemetery.
St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church is a historic frame Episcopal church located at Tulls Corner, Somerset County, Maryland. Built in 1848, it is a Carpenter Gothic-style church sheathed with beveled-edge board-and-batten siding. Also on the property is a cemetery surrounded by an early-20th century iron fence.
The Lewis-Zukowski House is a historic house at 1095 South Grand Street in Suffield, Connecticut. Built in 1781, it is rare in the town as an 18th-century residence built out of brick, accompanied by a mid-19th century barn. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
