Journal of Geodynamics

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geodynamics</span> Study of dynamics of the Earth

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Solimana (volcano)</span> Mountain in Peru

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Large low-shear-velocity provinces</span> Structures of the Earths mantle

Large low-shear-velocity provinces, LLSVPs, also called LLVPs or superplumes, are characteristic structures of parts of the lowermost mantle of Earth. These provinces are characterized by slow shear wave velocities and were discovered by seismic tomography of deep Earth. There are two main provinces: the African LLSVP and the Pacific LLSVP. Both extend laterally for thousands of kilometers and possibly up to 1,000 kilometres vertically from the core–mantle boundary. The Pacific LLSVP is 3,000 kilometers across, and underlies four hotspots that suggest multiple mantle plumes underneath. These zones represent around 8% of the volume of the mantle. Other names for LLSVPs include "superswells", "thermo-chemical piles", or "hidden reservoirs". Most of these names, however, are more interpretive of their proposed geodynamical or geochemical effects. For example, the name "thermo-chemical pile" interprets LLSVPs as lower-mantle piles of thermally hot and/or chemically distinct material. LLSVPs are still relatively mysterious, and many questions remain about their nature, origin, and geodynamic effects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geodynamics of terrestrial exoplanets</span>

The discovery of extrasolar Earth-sized planets has encouraged research into their potential for habitability. One of the generally agreed requirements for a life-sustaining planet is a mobile, fractured lithosphere cyclically recycled into a vigorously convecting mantle, in a process commonly known as plate tectonics. Plate tectonics provide a means of geochemical regulation of atmospheric particulates, as well as removal of carbon from the atmosphere. This prevents a “runaway greenhouse” effect that can result in inhospitable surface temperatures and vaporization of liquid surface water. Planetary scientists have not reached a consensus on whether Earth-like exoplanets have plate tectonics, but it is widely thought that the likelihood of plate tectonics on an Earth-like exoplanet is a function of planetary radius, initial temperature upon coalescence, insolation, and presence or absence of liquid-phase surface water.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Irina Artemieva</span> Earth scientist and academic

Irina M. Artemieva is Professor of Geophysics at the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research in Kiel (Germany), Distinguished Professor at the China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), and Distinguished Professor at SinoProbe at the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (Beijing).

References

  1. "Journal of Geodynamics - Journal - Elsevier".