Julie Novkov

Last updated

Julie Novkov
Nationality American
Alma mater
Awards
  • Collins Fellowship
  • 2009 Ralph Bunche Award
Scientific career
Fields Political science
Institutions

Julie Novkov is an American political scientist, currently a professor of political science and women's, gender, and sexuality studies at the University at Albany, SUNY. She studies the history of American law, American political development, and subordinated identities, with a focus on how laws are used for social control while also being affected by social reform movements.

Contents

Early career and education

Novkov attended Harvard and Radcliffe Colleges, earning an AB in 1989. [1] After graduating, she attended the New York University School of Law, obtaining a JD in 1992. [1] Novkov then became a graduate student in political science at the University of Michigan, receiving an MA in 1994 and a PhD in 1998. [1] Her PhD dissertation was entitled Sex and Substantive Due Process: The Gendered Nature of Constitutional Development. [2] In 1996, Novkov became a professor in the department of political science at the University of Oregon. [1]

Career

Novkov remained at the University of Oregon for 10 years, from 1996 to 2006. In 2006, she moved to the University at Albany, SUNY. [1] From 2011 to 2017 she was the chair of the political science department at SUNY Albany. [1] [3] Since 2018 she has been the director of undergraduate studies in that department, and from 2008 to 2011 she was the director of graduate studies. [1] She became a Collins Fellow at SUNY Albany in 2017. [1]

Novkov's first book, Constituting Workers, Protecting Women: Gender, Law, and Labor in the Progressive Era and New Deal Years, was published in 2001. Novkov argues that gender is a crucial analytical category in the modern legal system, and specifically that "much of the doctrinal framework for the modern interventionist state arose through battles over female workers' proper relationships with the state." [4] To establish the gendered origins of modern employment laws, Novkov draws on hundreds of cases that concerned labor issues between 1873 and 1937, from both the state and federal level. [4]

In 2008, Novkov published her second book, Racial Union: Law, Intimacy, and the White State in Alabama, 1865–1954. This book studies the history and use of bans on interracial marriage in Alabama, which retained language against interracial marriages until 2000. [5] Novkov separates the legal history of Alamaba's anti-miscegenation law into several periods within the span 1865–1954, and uses the legal trends within each period to argue that the anti-miscegenation law was being used as a tool of state-building. [5] This places anti-miscegenation laws at the center of developing and securing a regime of white supremacy in the state. [5] Racial Union won the American Political Science Association's 2009 Ralph Bunche Award, which is given "for the best scholarly work in political science published in the previous calendar year that explores the phenomenon of ethnic and cultural pluralism." [6]

Novkov also wrote a text that introduces and explores the relationship between the American Supreme Court and its president, called The Supreme Court and the Presidency: Struggles for Supremacy and published in 2013. [7] In addition to publishing in political science journals, she has also published extensively in law reviews, [8] and has served as an editor for several books. [9]

Novkov is a member of the 2020–2024 editorial leadership of the American Political Science Review , [10] [11] which is the most selective political science journal. [12] She has previously served on the editorial board of five other journals. [9]

Novkov's work has been cited in media reports on topics like interracial marriage laws, [13] bias in academia, [14] [15] and political divisions in America. [16] [17] Novkov is a regular contributor to the American politics website A House Divided. [18]

Selected works

Selected awards

Related Research Articles

Miscegenation is marriage or admixture between people who are members of different races. The word, now usually considered pejorative, is derived from a combination of the Latin terms miscere and genus. The word first appeared in Miscegenation: The Theory of the Blending of the Races, Applied to the American White Man and Negro, an anti-abolitionist pamphlet David Goodman Croly and others published anonymously in advance of the 1864 presidential election in the United States. The term came to be associated with laws that banned interracial marriage and sex, which were known as anti-miscegenation laws. These laws were overruled federally in 1967, and by the year 2000, all states had removed them from their laws, with Alabama being the last to do so on November 7, 2000. In the 21st century, newer scientific data shows that human populations are actually genetically quite similar. Studies show that races are more of an arbitrary social construct, and do not actually have a major genetic delineation.

Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1 (1967), was a landmark civil rights decision of the U.S. Supreme Court which ruled that laws banning interracial marriage violate the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Beginning in 2013, the decision was cited as precedent in U.S. federal court decisions ruling that restrictions on same-sex marriage in the United States were unconstitutional, including in the Supreme Court decision Obergefell v. Hodges (2015).

The one-drop rule was a legal principle of racial classification that was prominent in the 20th-century United States. It asserted that any person with even one ancestor of black ancestry is considered black. It is an example of hypodescent, the automatic assignment of children of a mixed union between different socioeconomic or ethnic groups to the group with the lower status, regardless of proportion of ancestry in different groups.

Peggy Ann Pascoe was an American historian. She was the Beekman Professor of Northwest and Pacific History and Professor of Ethnic Studies at the University of Oregon. She was a member of the University of Oregon History Department from 1996 until her death on July 23, 2010. Prior to her work at UO, Pascoe worked as an assistant professor and then associate professor at the University of Utah, where she taught courses on women’s history, race, and sexuality. Pascoe’s work centers on the history of race, gender, and sexuality, with a particular investment in law and the U.S. West. Together with George Lipsitz, Earl Lewis, George Sanchez, and Dana Takagi, Pascoe edited the influential American Crossroads book series in Ethnic Studies, published by the University of California Press. Pascoe held this position for fifteen years.

Perez v. Sharp, also known as Perez v. Lippold or Perez v. Moroney, is a 1948 case decided by the Supreme Court of California in which the court held by a 4–3 majority that the state's ban on interracial marriage violated the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

The race of the future is a theoretical composite race which will result from the ongoing racial admixture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">France Winddance Twine</span> Native American ethnographer

France Winddance Twine is a Black and Native American sociologist, ethnographer, visual artist, and documentary filmmaker. Twine has conducted field research in Brazil, the UK, and the United States on race, racism, and anti-racism. She has published 11 books and more than 100 articles, review essays, and books on these topics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Randall Kennedy</span> American legal scholar

Randall LeRoy Kennedy is an American legal scholar. He is the Michael R. Klein Professor of Law at Harvard University and his research focuses on the intersection of racial conflict and legal institutions in American life. He specializes in contracts, freedom of expression, race relations law, civil rights legislation, and the Supreme Court.

Pace v. Alabama, 106 U.S. 583 (1883), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court affirmed that Alabama's anti-miscegenation statute was constitutional. This ruling was rejected by the Supreme Court in 1964 in McLaughlin v. Florida and in 1967 in Loving v. Virginia. Pace v. Alabama is one of the oldest court cases in America pertaining to interracial sex.

The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws introduced in the Southern United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation, "Jim Crow" being a pejorative term for an African American. Such laws remained in force until 1965. Formal and informal racial segregation policies were present in other areas of the United States as well, even as several states outside the South had banned discrimination in public accommodations and voting. Southern laws were enacted by white-dominated state legislatures (Redeemers) to disenfranchise and remove political and economic gains made by African Americans during the Reconstruction era. Such continuing racial segregation was also supported by the successful Lily-white movement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interracial marriage in the United States</span>

Interracial marriage has been legal throughout the United States since at least the 1967 U.S. Supreme Court decision Loving v. Virginia (1967) that held that anti-miscegenation laws were unconstitutional via the 14th Amendment adopted in 1868. Chief Justice Earl Warren wrote in the court opinion that "the freedom to marry, or not marry, a person of another race resides with the individual, and cannot be infringed by the State." Interracial marriages have been formally protected by federal statute through the Respect for Marriage Act since 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anti-miscegenation laws in the United States</span> Laws against interracial marriage

In the United States, many U.S. states historically had anti-miscegenation laws which prohibited interracial marriage and, in some states, interracial sexual relations. Some of these laws predated the establishment of the United States, and some dated to the later 17th or early 18th century, a century or more after the complete racialization of slavery. Nine states never enacted anti-miscegenation laws, and 25 states had repealed their laws by 1967. In that year, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Loving v. Virginia that such laws are unconstitutional under the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Ophelia (Catata) Paquet was a Tillamook woman involved in an Oregon court case in year 1919 related to the legal recognition of marriage across racial lines. The case's issue was whether Ophelia Paquet could inherit her deceased Euro-American husband's estate in the U.S. state of Oregon. Her case exemplifies the role that marriage has in the transmission of property and how race can affect gender complications.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Race and sexuality</span> Intercultural and interracial sexuality

Concepts of race and sexuality have interacted in various ways in different historical contexts. While partially based on physical similarities within groups, race is understood by scientists to be a social construct rather than a biological reality. Human sexuality involves biological, erotic, physical, emotional, social, or spiritual feelings and behaviors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1874 Alabama gubernatorial election</span>

The 1874 Alabama gubernatorial election took place on November 3, 1874, in order to elect the governor of Alabama. Incumbent Republican David P. Lewis unsuccessfully ran for reelection, losing to Democratic former U.S. Representative George S. Houston. This election would end an era of serious competition between the local Democratic and Republican parties, and start a 112-year win streak for Democrats in the gubernatorial level.

Sharon Wright Austin is an American political scientist, currently a professor of political science at the University of Florida, where she was also a longtime Director of the African-American Studies Program. Austin is a prominent scholar of American politics with specialties in African-American studies, political participation, and both urban and rural local politics.

Lisa García Bedolla is an American political scientist and scholar of Latino studies, currently the Vice Provost for Graduate Studies and Dean of the Graduate Division at the University of California, Berkeley, and a professor in the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Education. García Bedolla studies political inequalities, political participation, and Latino political engagement and mobilization in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2000 Alabama Amendment 2</span> Referendum allowing interracial marriage

2000 Alabama Amendment 2, also known as the Alabama Interracial Marriage Amendment, was a proposed amendment to the Constitution of Alabama to remove Alabama's ban on interracial marriage. Interracial marriage had already been legalized nationwide 33 years prior in 1967, following Loving v. Virginia, making the vote symbolic. The amendment was approved with 59.5% voting yes, a 19 percentage point margin, though 25 of Alabama's 67 counties voted against it. Alabama was the last state to officially repeal its anti-miscegenation laws, following South Carolina in 1998.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Racism against African Americans</span>

In the context of racism in the United States, racism against African Americans dates back to the colonial era, and it continues to be a persistent issue in American society in the 21st century.

Constitutional Union Guard (C.U.G.) was a white supremacist organization in the United States. It was one of several loosely organized groups established to promote and restore white supremacy during the Reconstruction era. The group was discussed at the impeachment trial of North Carolina governor William W. Holden in the North Carolina House of Representatives. According to testimony given by a man who identified as a member, the group was dedicated to restoring the U.S. to abide by its constitution before the 14th and 15th amendments. It was organized along with other white supremacist groups including the Ku Klux Klan and White Brotherhood to counter Union League activities. It was opposed to Reconstruction era programs.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Julie Novkov Profile". University at Albany, SUNY. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
  2. ↑ Novkov, Julie. Sex and substantive due process : the gendered nature of constitutional development, 1873–1937. WorldCat. OCLC   44409796 . Retrieved 8 January 2020.
  3. ↑ "Julie Novkov Profile". University at Albany, SUNY. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
  4. 1 2 R. Y. Storrs, Landon (2003). "Review of Constituting Workers, Protecting Women: Gender, Law, and Labor in the Progressive Era and New Deal Years". Law and History Review. 21 (3): 640–642. doi:10.2307/3595133. JSTOR   3595133.
  5. 1 2 3 Sullivan, Kathleen (June 2009). "Review of Racial Union: Law, Intimacy, and the White State in Alabama, 1865–1954". Law & Society Review. 43 (2): 445–447. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5893.2009.00378_4.x.
  6. 1 2 Bishop, Kris (31 August 2009). ""Racial Union" Wins American Political Science Association Award". University of Michigan Press. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
  7. ↑ "The Supreme Court and the presidency: struggles for supremacy". Reference and Research Book News. 28 (3). June 2013.
  8. ↑ "Constitutional Development Series: Mark Graber, Carol Nackenoff and Julie Novkov". Princeton University Program in Law and Public Affairs. 23 April 2018. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  9. 1 2 "Meet 2020 APSR Editor, Julie Novkov of University of Albany, SUNY". Political Science Now. American Political Science Association. 28 August 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  10. ↑ "APSA Announces the New Editorial Team for the American Political Science Review". American Political Science Association. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  11. ↑ Marshall, Jenna (26 July 2019). "Righting the balance: New APSR editors meet at SFI to discuss gender and race in scientific publishing". Santa Fe Institute. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  12. ↑ "Cutting-Edge Research Agenda". University of Tennessee Knoxville. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  13. ↑ Kirby, Brendan (2018). "Interracial cohabitation ban turns 135, settled by little known Alabama case". Yellowhammer News.
  14. ↑ Reid, Rebecca A.; Curry, Todd A. (12 April 2019). "The White Man Template and Academic Bias". Inside Higher Education. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  15. ↑ Mervis, Jeffrey (23 February 2017). "Study thyself: Political scientists assess extent of sexual harassment at their annual meeting". Science Magazine. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  16. ↑ Airaksinen, Toni (8 August 2018). "Prof predicts Trump voters will riot when Trump leaves office". Campus Reform. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  17. ↑ Morton, Victor (9 August 2018). "Trump supporters will spark civil war to keep president in power, professor says". The Washington Times. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  18. ↑ "A House Divided contributors". 2020. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
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