He was born in the ancient Hungarian noble family Széll de Duka et Szentgyörgyvölgy, that originally hailed from Vas County, in the western region of the Kingdom of Hungary. His father was József Széll (1801–1871), ispán-regent of Vas County, and his mother was a noblewoman, Júlia Bertha de Felsőőr (1817–1873).
Among his Hungarian noble ancestors were his maternal grandfather, Ignác Bertha de Felsőeőr (1780–1847), vice-ispán of Vas County, jurist, landowner, and his maternal great-grandfather, József Sümeghy de Lovász et Szentmargitha (1757–1832), royal counselor, jurist, landowner, and vice-ispán of Zala County.
He studied in Pest and Vienna, and in 1867 became deputy for the district of Szentgotthárd. He quickly garnered the reputation of being remarkably well informed on economic and financial questions. Széll was one of Ferenc Deák's confidants, whose ward, the daughter of the Hungarian poet Mihály Vörösmarty, he married.
In 1875, he was finance minister in the cabinet of Kálmán Tisza, and as such imposed on himself the task of restoring the shattered credit of Hungary. In 1878, he concluded with Austria the first economic "balancing" (German : Ausgleich).
At that time, the Austrian National Bank was changed, in conformity with this arrangement, into the Austro-Hungarian Bank, and Széll consolidated the Hungarian Rentes, and nearly succeeded in balancing the state finances. As he feared that this balance would again be upset by the occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, he resigned from the cabinet, incurring thereby the displeasure of the crown. He still kept his seat in parliament, and as deputy constantly criticized the financial policy of the Tisza cabinet.
At the beginning of the 1880s Széll founded the Hungarian Mortgage Credit Bank, of which he was governor until the end of his life. He opened entirely new sources of credit for Hungarian agriculture. He declined repeated offers of the portfolio of finance.
When Dezső Bánffy's ministry suffered a serious crisis at the end of 1898 and was compelled to resign in February 1899, Széll was entrusted with the formation of a new cabinet. By means of the Pact of 23 February 1899, he restored parliamentary peace. On the basis of the so-called Széll formula, a new Ausgleich with Austria until the year 1907 was concluded after long negotiations. The most important result of this was that Hungary attained the status of an independent customs area, but, under the arrangement for reciprocity, still maintained intact the existing conditions of the Customs Union with Austria.
In 1901, under Széll's Ministry, the new elections resulted in a Liberal victory, and Prime Minister Széll formed a government. A year later began the struggle for the reform of the national defense, and Széll introduced in 1902 a law for increasing the number of recruits, in exchange for which the Independent Party — under the slogan of "no more soldiers without the introduction of Hungarian as the language service and command" — wanted concessions to the principle of nationality.
The obstruction against the provision for defense lasted from the end of January to 4 April 1903, and resulted in the suspension of the constitution ("Ex lex" condition). Széll sought to wear down the opposition by delay. As part of the majority would not agree to this, he resigned on 16 June 1903.
When his successor, István Tisza, on 18 November 1904, brought about a split in the Liberal party by forcing through parliament new rules of procedure, Széll joined Gyula Andrássy in the secession from the party. Under the coalition cabinet of Sándor Wekerle, Széll was chosen chairman of the Constitution Party. He tried continually, but in vain, to bridge the opposition between Tisza and Andrássy.
Széll married Ilona Vörösmarty, daughter of poet Mihály Vörösmarty on 16 September 1867. They had a daughter, named Ilona. His niece Marianne Csáky-Széll married Czech violinist Jan Kubelík. [1]
![]() | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations .(February 2014) |
József baron Eötvös de Vásárosnamény was a Hungarian writer and statesman, the son of Ignác baron Eötvös de Vásárosnamény and Anna von Lilien, who stemmed from an Erbsälzer family of Werl in Germany. Eötvös name is sometimes anglicised as Joseph von Eotvos.
Count István Imre Lajos Pál Tisza de Borosjenő et Szeged ; was a politician who served as prime minister of Hungary from 1903 to 1905 and from 1913 until 1917. He was also a political scientist, international lawyer, macroeconomist, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and champion duelist. The outbreak of World War One defined his second term as prime minister. He was killed by leftist revolutionaries on 31 October 1918 during the Aster Revolution, the day Hungary declared its independence, dissolving the Dual Monarchy or Austro-Hungarian Empire. Tisza was the most zealous adherent of the Dual Monarchy among the Hungarian political leaders and pleaded for consensus between liberals and conservatives. As a Member of the Imperial Council since 1887, he came to fear a political impasse in the conflict between the unyielding temper of the Emperor and the revolutionary spirit of the extremists. Tisza was bitterly unpopular among ethnic Hungarian voters and therefore - similarly to his father Kálmán Tisza - he drew most of his votes from ethnic minorities during the parliamentary elections.
Count Gyula Andrássy de Csíkszentkirály et Krasznahorka the Younger was a Hungarian politician.
Kálmán Tisza de Borosjenő was the Hungarian prime minister between 1875 and 1890. He is credited with the formation of a consolidated Hungarian government, the foundation of the new Liberal Party (1875) and major economic reforms that would both save and eventually lead to a government with popular support. He is the second longest-serving head of government in Hungarian history.
Count István Bittó de Sárosfa et Nádasd was a Hungarian politician who served as Speaker of the House of Representatives of Hungary from 10 September 1872 to 23 March 1874 and as Prime Minister of Hungary from 1874 to 1875.
Kerepesi Cemetery is the most famous cemetery in Budapest. It is one of the oldest cemeteries in Hungary, and has been almost completely preserved.
The House of Andrássy is the name of a Hungarian noble family of very ancient lineage that was prominent in Hungarian history. The full family name is Andrássy de Csíkszentkirály et Krasznahorka. Csíkszentkirály is a town in modern-day Romania, now called Sâncrăieni, while Krásna Hôrka is a castle in Slovakia.
Budapest is the capital of Hungary. Below is a list of public place names of Budapest that refer to famous people, cities or historic events. Generality of Budapest's public place names relate to the Hungarian national history. In Budapest there are about 8,600 named public place.
József Széll de Duka et Szentgyörgyvölgy was a Hungarian politician, who served as Interior Minister between 1937 and 1938. He was the nephew of Kálmán Széll, former Prime Minister of Hungary.
Kálmán Ghyczy de Ghicz, Assakürt et Ablánczkürt was a Hungarian politician, who served as Minister of Finance between 1874 and 1875. He became representative of Komárom County in 1843. During the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 he served as state secretary of the Ministry of Justice. After the defeat Ghyczy retired from the politics for a time.
István Rakovszky de Nagyrákó et Nagyselmecz was a legitimist Hungarian politician. During the Second Royal coup d'état, Charles IV returned to Hungary to retake his throne. The attempt was unsuccessful. The king formed a rival government in Sopron and appointed Rakovszky as Prime Minister.
Tamás Péchy de Pécsújfalu was a Hungarian nobleman and politician, who served as Minister of Public Works and Transport (1875–1880) and as Speaker of the House of Representatives (1880–1892). He also functioned as Inspector of the Lutheran Diocese of Tisza from 1876 to 1897.
Lajos Návay de Földeák was a Hungarian jurist and politician, who served as Speaker of the House of Representatives between 1911 and 1912.
Ilona Vörösmarty was a Hungarian noblewoman, the second child and the daughter of poet Mihály Vörösmarty and his wife, Laura Csajághy.
The Farkas de Boldogfa family,, is the name of a Hungarian noble family. Their members were landowners that occupied diverse relevant roles in the political, administrative and jurisdictional life at least during the last 400 years in the county of Zala, located in the former Kingdom of Hungary. They held offices as vice-ispáns of the county of Zala, Prothonotary of the county of Zala, they were members of the Hungarian Parliament, and also were chief magistrates of the county's districts (főszolgabíró), Hussars etc.
The Opposition Party was a political party that came to prominence during the 1848–49 revolution in Hungary. By contemporary political standards, they represented the far-left in the Hungarian parliament. Its leading political figure was Lajos Kossuth.
The handkerchief vote was a parliamentary vote which took place on 18 November 1904 in the Diet of Hungary.
The Bertha de Felsőőr family is a still existing Hungarian noble family from Vas county, who moved to Sopron and Zala counties also. The family received noble title in exchange for his service as a border guard at Oberwart (Felsőőr). The family's nobility was confirmed on July 1, 1327, by Charles I. The first documented family name version was on January 18, 1582, by Rudolf II in Pressburg, when the family members were Márton, Mihály and Ferenc Bertha.