Histone acetyltransferase KAT7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KAT7 gene. [5] [6] [7] It specifically acetylates H4 histones at the lysine12 residue (H4K12) [8] and is necessary for origin licensing and DNA replication. [9] [10] KAT7 associates with origins of replication during G1 phase of the cell cycle through complexing with CDT1. [11] Geminin is thought to inhibit the acetyltransferase activity of KAT7 when KAT7 and CDT1 are complexed together. [12]
KAT7 has been shown to interact with:
Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are enzymes that acetylate conserved lysine amino acids on histone proteins by transferring an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to form ε-N-acetyllysine. DNA is wrapped around histones, and, by transferring an acetyl group to the histones, genes can be turned on and off. In general, histone acetylation increases gene expression.
DNA replication licensing factor MCM6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCM6 gene. MCM6 is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication.
P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF), also known as K(lysine) acetyltransferase 2B (KAT2B), is a human gene and transcriptional coactivator associated with p53.
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate Response Element Binding protein Binding Protein, also known as CREBBP or CBP or KAT3A, is a coactivator encoded by the CREBBP gene in humans, located on chromosome 16p13.3. CBP has intrinsic acetyltransferase functions; it is able to add acetyl groups to both transcription factors as well as histone lysines, the latter of which has been shown to alter chromatin structure making genes more accessible for transcription. This relatively unique acetyltransferase activity is also seen in another transcription enzyme, EP300 (p300). Together, they are known as the p300-CBP coactivator family and are known to associate with more than 16,000 genes in humans; however, while these proteins share many structural features, emerging evidence suggests that these two co-activators may promote transcription of genes with different biological functions.
Histone acetylation and deacetylation are the processes by which the lysine residues within the N-terminal tail protruding from the histone core of the nucleosome are acetylated and deacetylated as part of gene regulation.
Histone H3.1t is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST3H3 gene.
DNA replication licensing factor MCM2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCM2 gene.
Histone acetyltransferase KAT2A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KAT2A gene.
Histone acetyltransferase KAT5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KAT5 gene. It is also commonly identified as TIP60.
Mortality factor 4-like protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MORF4L1 gene.
DNA methyltransferase 1-associated protein 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DMAP1 gene.
K(lysine) acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A), is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the KAT6A gene. This gene is located on human chromosome 8, band 8p11.21.
Inhibitor of growth protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ING2 gene.
K(lysine) acetyltransferase 8 (KAT8) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KAT8 gene.
K(lysine) acetyltransferase 6B (KAT6B) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KAT6B gene.
JADE1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the JADE1 gene.
Histone acetyltransferase 1, also known as HAT1, is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the HAT1 gene.
Origin recognition complex subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC1 gene. It is closely related to CDC6, and both are the same protein in archaea.
Protein acetylation are acetylation reactions that occur within living cells as drug metabolism, by enzymes in the liver and other organs. Pharmaceuticals frequently employ acetylation to enable such esters to cross the blood–brain barrier, where they are deacetylated by enzymes (carboxylesterases) in a manner similar to acetylcholine. Examples of acetylated pharmaceuticals are diacetylmorphine (heroin), acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), THC-O-acetate, and diacerein. Conversely, drugs such as isoniazid are acetylated within the liver during drug metabolism. A drug that depends on such metabolic transformations in order to act is termed a prodrug.
Peregrin also known as bromodomain and PHD finger-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRPF1 gene located on 3p26-p25. Peregrin is a multivalent chromatin regulator that recognizes different epigenetic marks and activates three histone acetyltransferases. BRPF1 contains two PHD fingers, one bromodomain and one chromo/Tudor-related Pro-Trp-Trp-Pro (PWWP) domain.
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