Kalumpang, Indonesia

Kalumpang is a district ( kecamatan ) in the Mamuju Regency of West Sulawesi, ^[1] Indonesia. ^[2] The population is composed of the Kalumpang people, most of whom rely solely on subsistence-level agriculture, especially the growing of rice, to survive. ^[3]

The language spoken throughout Kalumpang is also called Kalumpang and is similar to that of the neighbouring area, Toraja.

Kalumpang has undergone minimal development, for example electricity is obtained from single motor generators which are of poor quality. However, the Government provides the area with a satellite feed so they may obtain Nationalist News. Infrastructure is quite under-developed and it is difficult to travel between villages during the wet season. Jeeps, motorbikes, out-rigger canoes, rafts and walking are used as modes of transport. ^[4]

Religion

Kalumpang is predominantly Christian, with few Muslims in the area. There are no mosques in the region, which causes some tension between Christians and Muslims. The main village in the Kalumpang region is also called Kalumpang, with other villages such as Tambing-Tambing, Buttu, Batuisi, Hinua and Pambentengan mostly lying close to the river, in order to irrigate the rice fields.

Health care

The only health care available is a Puskemas (public health centre) in the main village, Kalumpang. In outlying regions, health problems and disease pose a great mortality threat.

Education

In Tambing-Tambing and in the main village Kalumpang, education extends to SMP (III), which is equivalent to the 9th Grade in Western Systems. To obtain higher education, students must travel to Mamuju and pay hefty tuition fees. It is impossible for most villagers to pay as the primary form of living is subsistence agriculture. Thus there is minimal opportunity for students to receive higher education.

Archaeology

The Kalumpang archaeological site is one of the two oldest Neolithic sites in Indonesia which preserves the long history of the Austronesian civilization, which became the forerunner for most of the ancestors of most of the Indonesians. ^[5] Archaeological evidence at this site shows that Austronesian people have long lived there and developed their culture, similar to the Neolithic culture of Taiwan and the Lapita culture in Oceania. ^[6]

References

1. "Kalla Group to build infrastructure in W. Sulawesi". The Jakarta Post. No. 7 February 2014. The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
2. "Proposed gold mining in Balung Participate in review of draft TOR, folks urged". Daily Express. 13 February 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
3. "Earthquake: M 4.6 - 5km NW of Kalumpang, Indonesia". breakingnews.com. Breaking News. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
4. Parker, Diana (18 September 2013). "Villagers occupy govt office in Indonesia Borneo in protest against palm oil land grab". Mongabay. No. 18 September 2013. Mongabay-Indonesia. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
5. Dit.PCBM (2016-02-12). "Kalumpang Satu Dari Dua Situs Neolitik Tertua di Indonesia - Direktorat Pelestarian Cagar Budaya dan Permuseuman". kebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id (in Indonesian). Ministry of Education and Culture. Directorate of Cultural Heritage Preservation and Museums. Archived from the original on 2017-04-23. Retrieved 2017-04-23.
6. Springer, Cham (2021). Kalumpang. Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology (2nd ed.). London: Springer Nature. pp. 1–677. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-58292-0_110035 . ISBN   978-3-030-58291-3.