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The All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam is an Indian regional political party with great influence in the state of Tamil Nadu and the union territory of Puducherry. It is a Dravidian party founded by the former chief minister of Tamil Nadu M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R.) at Madurai on 17 October 1972 as a breakaway faction from the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam after M. Karunanidhi expelled him from the party for demanding an account as the party treasurer. The party is adhering to the policies of socialism and secularism based on the principles of C. N. Annadurai (Anna) collectively coined as Annaism by M.G.R. The party has won a seven-time majority in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly and has emerged as the most successful political outfit in the state's history. It is currently the main opposition party in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly.
Maruthur Gopalan Ramachandran,popularly known by his initials M.G.R.,was an Indian actor,politician and philanthropist who served as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu from 1977 until his death in 1987. He was the founder and first general secretary of the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. On 19 March 1988,Ramachandran was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna,India's highest civilian honour. Ramachandran is regarded as one of the most influential politicians of post-independence India. Apart from politics,as a film personality he won the National Film Award,two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards and two Filmfare Award South.
Muthuvel Karunanidhi was an Indian writer and politician who served as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for almost two decades over five terms between 1969 and 2011. He is popularly referred to as Kalaignar (Artist) and Mutthamizh Arignar for his contributions to Tamil literature. He had the longest intermittent tenure as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu with 6,863 days in office. He was also a long-standing leader of the Dravidian movement and ten-time president of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam political party. Karunanidhi has the record of never losing an election to the Tamil Nadu Assembly,having won 13 times since his first victory in 1957. Before entering politics,he worked in the Tamil film industry as a screenwriter. He also made contributions to Tamil literature,having written stories,plays,novels,and a multiple-volume memoir. Karunanidhi died on 7 August 2018 at Kauvery Hospital in Chennai after a series of prolonged,age-related illnesses.
Villupuram Chinnaiya Manrayar Ganesamoorthy,better known by his stage name Sivaji Ganesan,was an Indian actor and film producer. He was mainly active in Tamil cinema during the latter half of the 20th century. Sivaji Ganesan is acknowledged as one of the greatest Indian actors of all time and among the most imitated one by other actors. He was known for his versatility and the variety of roles he depicted on screen,which also gave him the Tamil nickname Nadigar Thilagam. In a career that spanned close to five decades,he had acted in 288 films in Tamil,Telugu,Kannada,Malayalam and Hindi. Sivaji Ganesan is the only actor in Tamil cinema to have played the lead role in over 250 films.
Pattali Makkal Katchi is a Vanniyar caste party in Tamil Nadu,India,founded by S. Ramadoss in 1989 for the Vanniyar caste in northern Tamil Nadu. It is a part of the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA). It contests the elections with the "Ripe Mango" symbol.
The Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam is an Indian regional political party in the state of Tamil Nadu. It is a Dravidian party founded by the former leader of the opposition in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Vijayakant (Captain) at Madurai on 14 September 2005. The party was led by its founder until 14 December 2023 from its date of founding. From 14 December 2023,the DMDK is led by Vijayakant's wife Premallatha Vijayakant as general secretary of the party. The party served as the main opposition party in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from 27 May 2011 to 21 February 2016. The headquarters of the party is called Captain Aalayam,which is located at Jawaharlal Nehru Salai,Koyambedu,Chennai.
The thirteenth legislative assembly election,of Tamil Nadu was held on 8 May 2006. It was held for all 234 constituencies to elect the government in the state for the following five years. The votes were counted three days later on 11 May 2006 and all the results were out by the end of the day. The Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam-led (DMK) front won the elections,with the DMK emerging as the single-largest party with 96 seats,and its leader,M Karunanidhi was sworn in as Chief Minister for a fifth and final term. This election marked the first time the state saw a hung assembly with no party gaining a majority of its own. As a result,DMK formed a minority government with its allies,which is the first in the state since the 1952 election. 13th Assembly was instituted due to this election.
Panchaksharam Rangasamy Pillai,known professionally as Vijayakumar,is an Indian actor who works in Tamil cinema. He started his film career in the Tamil film Sri Valli (1961) as a child actor and started playing a lead role from the movie Aval Oru Thodar Kathai (1974) then he worked in Madhura Geetham (1977) and Azhage Unnai Aarathikkiren (1979). He has also acted in Telugu and Malayalam movies. He also worked in television serials like Thangam,Vamsam,Talambralu,Nandini and Rasaathi. His son is actor Arun Vijay.
Subburaman Thirunavukkarasar is an Indian politician. He was the State President of Tamil Nadu Congress Committee till 2 February 2019 and former secretary of the All India Congress Committee (AICC) of the Indian National Congress (INC) party. His introduction to politics in 1977 was facilitated by former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu,M. G. Ramachandran. Ramachandran founded the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) in 1972 and was facing his first elections for the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election in 1977. He identified Thirunavukkarasar,a lawyer by profession,to contest the Aranthangi assembly constituency. Thirunavukkarasar won the seat,aged 27,and was elected as the Deputy Speaker of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly. He continued in that capacity till 1980. Subsequently,he served as Tamil Nadu state minister from 1980 to 1987 in the MGR cabinet,holding portfolios that included Industries,Housing Board,Excise and Handlooms. Later,he became a member of the Lok Sabha –the lower house of the Parliament of India –when he won the erstwhile Pudukottai Lok Sabha constituency. He served as Union Minister of state for shipping and later for telecommunications and information technology.
Sattanathapuram Venkataraman Shekher is an Indian actor,film director,screenwriter,politician and also a playwright in Tamil-language plays. In 2006,he was elected as an MLA for the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) from Mylapore. He is the founder of Federation of Brahmin associations of South India (FEBAS).
Dravidian parties include an array of regional political parties in the state of Tamil Nadu,India,which trace their origins and ideologies either directly or indirectly to the Justice Party and the Dravidian movement of C. Natesanar and Periyar E. V. Ramasamy. The Dravidian movement was based on the linguistic divide in India,where most of the Northern Indian,Eastern Indian and Western Indian languages are classified as Indo-Aryan,whereas the South Indian languages are classified as Dravidian. Dravidian politics has developed by associating itself to the Dravidian community. The original goal of Dravidian politics was to achieve social equality,but it later championed the cause of ending the domination of North India over the politics and economy of the South Indian province known as Madras Presidency.
Erode Venkatappa Krishnasamy Sampath,usually referred to as E. V. K. Sampath was a prominent politician from Tamil Nadu,India. He was an advocate of the Dravidian Movement of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy and was considered by some as his political heir. He later split from Periyar's Dravidar Kazhagam to form Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) along with C. N. Annadurai. In spite of being one of the founders of DMK he later left and formed his own party,by the name,Tamil National Party. Nevertheless,he later merged his party with the Indian National Congress. He is a former Member of Parliament from the constituency of Namakkal.
The twelfth legislative assembly election of Tamil Nadu was held on 10 May 2001. All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK)-led front won the elections and its general secretary,J. Jayalalithaa was sworn in as Chief Minister,even though she could not legally run as MLA in this election. She was unanimously nominated as Chief Minister by her party and was ready to serve her second term. But due to criminal and corruption charges from her first term,on 21 September 2001,a five-judge constitutional bench of the Supreme Court of India ruled in a unanimous verdict that "a person who is convicted for a criminal offense and sentenced to imprisonment for not less than two years cannot be appointed the Chief Minister of a State under Article 164 (1) read with (4) and cannot continue to function as such". Thereby,the bench decided that "in the appointment of Dr. J. Jayalalithaa as Chief Minister there has been a clear infringement of a Constitutional provision and that a writ of quo warranto must issue". In effect,her appointment as Chief Minister was declared null and invalid with retrospective effect. Therefore,technically,she was not the Chief Minister in the period between 14 May 2001 and 21 September 2001. After her resignation on 21 September 2001,she put in O. Panneerselvam,as the official 13th Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu,until she could clear up the charges from her first term,so she can take up the mantle of Chief Minister officially,on 2 March 2002.
The ninth legislative assembly election of Tamil Nadu was held on 21 January 1989. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) won the election and its leader M. Karunanidhi,became the Chief Minister. It was his third term in office. The DMK was in power only for a short term,as it was dismissed on 31 January 1991 by the Indian Prime minister Chandra Shekhar using Article 356 (Otherwise) of the Indian Constitution.
Muktha Srinivasan was an Indian film director and producer.
The Fourteenth Legislative Assembly Election was held on 13 April 2011 to elect members from 234 constituencies in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Results were released on 13 May 2011. Two major parties Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) and All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) faced the election as coalitions of multiple political parties:DMK front consisted of 8 parties and the AIADMK of 11 parties. Vijayakanth's Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam (DMDK),which had contested the previous elections independently,allied with the AIADMK coalition. Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam boycotted the election following a disagreement with Jayalalithaa over seat-sharing. The outgoing Karunanidhi government was noted for the construction of new assembly building in Chennai,execution of various developmental projects,and implementation of programmes including free health care for the poor and issuance of a range of freebies such as color television to all. However,these were heavily overshadowed by other major issues such as incessant power cuts in households and industries,excessive sand mining,increasing prices of essential items,2G spectrum case and undue influence of Karunanidhi's extended family in various aspects of Tamil politics and business and even media.
Jayaram Jayalalithaa was an Indian politician and actress who served as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for more than fourteen years over six terms between 1991 and 2016. From 1 January 1988 to 5 December 2016,she was the 5th and longest-serving general secretary of the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK),a Dravidian party whose cadre revered her as their "Amma" (Mother) and "Puratchi Thalaivi".
The 2014 Indian general elections for Tamil Nadu's 39 seats in the 16th Lok Sabha were held on 24 April 2014. The All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam led by its general secretary J. Jayalalithaa won a spectacular victory,taking 37 of the 39 seats. The total electors in the state of Tamil Nadu for the election was 55,114,867 and 73.74% of voters exercised their right to do so. The results of the elections were declared on 16 May 2014.
The Sixteenth Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Election was held on 6 April 2021,to elect representatives from the 234 constituencies in the Indian State of Tamil Nadu. The Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) won the election,ending the decade-long reign of the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK). The DMK's leader M. K. Stalin became the eighth Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu,and the 12th Chief Minister since the 1956 reorganization. He replaced Edappadi K. Palaniswami of the AIADMK.
The 2022 Tamil Nadu urban local body elections to the local government in Tamil Nadu were held in urban areas in February 2022. The Greater Chennai Corporation,alongside 20 other municipal corporations of Tamil Nadu,went to polling on 19 February 2022 to elect councillors to represents the wards in the respective cities;the elected councillors will choose a mayor from amongst themselves.
References
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- ↑ "Congress headed for real martial arts post Tamil Nadu polling". The Economic Times. 16 April 2011. ISSN 0013-0389. Archived from the original on 28 February 2024. Retrieved 28 February 2024.
- ↑ "Police raid leaves karate officials red- faced". Yahoo News. 21 September 2015. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
- ↑ "Karate Thiagarajan dismissed for allegedly misappropriating funds". DNA news. 2 January 2010. Archived from the original on 6 August 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
- ↑ "When civic sense got a headstart". Saptarshi Bhattacharya. New Indian Express. 16 May 2012. Archived from the original on 2 June 2016. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
- ↑ "DMK members evicted en masse". The Hindu . 1 May 2003. Retrieved 6 May 2016.[ dead link ]
- ↑ "Tamil Nadu: Corporation personnel face axe in flyover scam". Kenath Jayashankar Menon. Asian Tribune. 27 May 2005. Archived from the original on 31 May 2016. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
- ↑ "Chennai Deputy Mayor expelled from AIADMK". Deccan Herald. 15 October 2005. Retrieved 6 May 2016.[ permanent dead link ]
- ↑ Scaria, Joe A (14 May 2011). "Thangabalu quits, leaves TNCC to ponder future". Economic Times. Archived from the original on 9 May 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2011.
- ↑ "Thiagarajan joins Congress". The Hindu. 17 April 2006. Archived from the original on 30 December 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
- ↑ "AICC suspends Karate Thiagarajan again, forms disciplinary committee". DTNext.in. Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
- ↑ "Late thespian Sivaji Ganesans son Ram Kumar, Karate Thiagarajan join BJP". Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.