Karka d-Ledan

Karka d-Ledan
The site of Ivan-e Kerkha, identified with the city of Karka d-Ledan
Type	Archaeological site
Location	Khuzestan, Khuzestan province, Iran
Coordinates	32°19′52″N48°07′21″E / 32.33111°N 48.12250°E / 32.33111; 48.12250
(Re)founded	338 CE
Founder	Shapur II
Iran National Heritage List
Type	Archaeological
Designated	1931
Reference no.	47
Location of the site in Iran

Karka d-Ledan, also known as Eranshahr-Shapur, ^[1] and Eran asan kar(t) Kavad, ^[2] is an archaeological site that was one of the four Sasanian major cities in the former settlement of Khuzestan, in the modern-day province of Khuzestan, Iran. ^[3]

It was (re)founded by King of Kings ( shahanshah ) Shapur II (r. 309–379) in 338 CE, ^[3] who had a winter palace established there. ^[4] Karka d-Ledan is identified with the modern site of Ivan-e Kerkha. ^[5]

References

1. Brunner, Christopher (1983). "Geographical and Administrative divisions: Settlements and Economy". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran. Vol. 3(2): The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 753. ISBN   0-521-24693-8.
2. Frye, R. N. (1983). "The political history of Iran under the Sasanians". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran. Vol. 3(1): The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 136. ISBN   0-521-20092-X.
3. Shahbazi, A. Shapur; Richter-Bernburg, Lutz (2002). "Gondēšāpur". Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, Vol. XI, Fasc. 2. pp. 131–135.
4. Payne, Richard E. (2015). A State of Mixture: Christians, Zoroastrians, and Iranian Political Culture in Late Antiquity. Univ of California Press. p. 41. ISBN   9780520961531.
5. Potts, D. T. (1999). The Archaeology of Elam: Formation and Transformation of an Ancient Iranian State. Cambridge University Press. p. 425. ISBN   9780521564960.