Karoceratidae

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Karoceratidae
Temporal range: Early Silurian - ?Early Devonian
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Subclass: Nautiloidea
Order: Oncocerida
Family: Karoceratidae
Teichert, 1939

Karoceratidae is a family of nautiloids within the order Oncocerida, characterized by straight or curved, laterally narrow, shells and slender, ventral siphuncles that are empty except in Karoceras . Siphuncle segments are inflated ventrally but straight dorsally. Septal necks are cyrtochoanitic, outwardly curved; connecting rings are thin.

Genera include Karoceras , Osbornoceras , and possibly Shuranoceras , which have been found in sediments ranging from the Lower Silurian to possibly as young as the Lower Devonian.

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Blakeoceras is a nautiloid cephalopod from the Oncocerida family Nothoceratidae with a curved shell that lived in shallow seas from the Silurian to the Middle Devonian in what has become Europe.

Poterioceratidae is a family of nautiloid cephalopods included in the Oncocerida that lived during the period from the Early Devonian to the Early Carboniferous (Mississippian). Members of the Poterioceratidae are distinguished by a subcircular to compressed exogastric shell that has no hyponomic sinus and a central to subcentral siphuncle composed of subquadrate to nummuloidal segments in which the septal necks are more strongly curved on the upper, or dorsal side. This is opposite from the Karoceratidae in which siphuncle segments are inflated ventrally but straight dorsally. Some poterioceratid genera have actinosiphonate structures or annular deposits within the siphuncle. In others it is empty.

Megaloceras is a genus of the nautiloid order Oncocerida that lived during the Silurian period of the Paleozoic. It is included in the family Karoceratidae, characterized by compressed straight or exogastricly curved shells with slender ventral siphuncles.

Valcouroceras is the type genus for the Valcouroceratidae, a family in the nautiloid order Oncocerida named by Rousseau Flower, 1943, named for Valcour Island in Lake Champlain, between New York state and Vermont, where it was first discovered.

Kentlandoceras is a genus of middle Ordovician Oncocerids. Its shell is curved exogastrically, such that the ventral margin is longitudinally convex, but less so than in Loganoceras, and with a submarginal ventral siphuncle instead. The siphuncle in Loganoceras is subcentral. The related Romingoceras is more curved, also with a ventral siphuncle.

Danoceras is an essentially straight shelled oncocerid named by Troedsson in 1926, and included in the Diestoceratidae. It has been found in the upper, and possibly middle, Ordovician of Europe, (Estonia), Greenland, and Russia,. Named species include Danoceras ravni, type, D. inutile, D. scandinavicum, and D. skalbergensis.

Aletoceras is a genus of Oncocerida nautiloids from the middle Devonian of North America included in the family Brevicoceratidae.

Karoceras is a genus of oncocerid nautiloids that lived during the Silurian and possibly Early Devonian, type genus for the Karoceratidae. The shell is a compressed, exogastric cyrtocone, section sub ovoid. The siphuncle is ventral, near the outer, externally convex curvature. Septal necks flair outwardly, segments are inflated ventrally and are straight dorsally, a character of the family.

Danaoceras is a nautiloid cephalopod from the middle Silurian of central Europe included in the oncoceroid family Polyelasmoceratidae. Similar specimens from the middle Devonian of North America may belong.

Hexameroceras is a genus of nautiloid cephalopods belonging to the order Oncocerida that lived during the middle and late Silurian. Its fossils have been found in North America in Indiana, New York, Ohio, and Wisconsin, and in Europe in the Czech Republic.

References