A prisoner in the Vatican or prisoner of the Vatican described the situation of the pope with respect to the Kingdom of Italy during the period from the capture of Rome by the Royal Italian Army on 20 September 1870 until the Lateran Treaty of 11 February 1929. Part of the process of the unification of Italy,the city's capture ended the millennium-old temporal rule of the popes over Central Italy and allowed Rome to be designated the capital of the new nation. Although the Italians did not occupy the territories of Vatican Hill delimited by the Leonine walls and offered the creation of a city-state in the area,the popes from Pius IX to Pius XI refused the proposal and described themselves as prisoners of the new Italian state.
Mary Ann Glendon is the Learned Hand Professor of Law at Harvard Law School and a former United States Ambassador to the Holy See. She teaches and writes on bioethics,comparative constitutional law,property,and human rights in international law.
Virgil C. Dechant was the twelfth Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus,a position he held from January 21,1977,to September 30,2000.
The Order of Pope Pius IX,also referred as the Pian Order,is a papal order of knighthood originally founded by Pope Pius IV in 1560. Currently,it is the highest honor conferred by the Holy See. The awarding of the order fell into disuse and was re-instituted by Pope Pius IX as a continuation on 17 June 1847.
The Laetare Medal is an annual award given by the University of Notre Dame in recognition of outstanding service to the Catholic Church and society. The award is given to an American Catholic or group of Catholics "whose genius has ennobled the arts and sciences,illustrated the ideals of the church and enriched the heritage of humanity." First awarded in 1883,it is the oldest and most prestigious award for American Catholics.
The current United States Ambassador to the Holy See is Joe Donnelly,who replaced the ad interim Chargéd'Affaires,Patrick Connell,on April 11,2021. The Holy See is represented by its apostolic nuncio,Cardinal Christophe Pierre,who assumed office on April 12,2016. The U.S. Embassy to the Holy See is located in Rome,in the Villa Domiziana. The Nunciature to the United States is located in Washington,D.C.,at 3339 Massachusetts Avenue,N.W.
Holy See–Russia relations are the bilateral relations between the Holy See and Russia. The Holy See has an Apostolic Nunciature in Moscow. Russia has a permanent representative to the Holy See based in Rome.
Holy See–United Kingdom relations are foreign relations between the Holy See and the United Kingdom.
Diplomatic relations between the Holy See and the State of Israel,as well as a concordat defining the status and fiscal and property rights of the Catholic Church and related entities within Israel. Formal diplomatic relations between the two states were established after the adoption of the Fundamental Agreement by the two States on 30 December 1993. A Vatican Nunciature in Israel and an Israeli embassy in Rome were simultaneously opened on 19 January 1994. From the Vatican's point of view,the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two states is part of the Christian–Jewish reconciliation;and from the Israeli point of view,the normalization of diplomatic relations. Prior to the establishment of diplomatic relations,the interests of the Catholic Church in Israel were looked after by the Apostolic Delegate to Jerusalem and Palestine,the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem and the Custodian of the Holy Land,all of which continue to function.
The Embassy of the United States of America to the Holy See is the diplomatic mission of United States of America to the Holy See,a term referring to the central government and universal reach of the Roman Catholic Church.
Foreign relations of Pope Pius XII extended to most of Europe and a few states outside Europe. Pius XII was pope from 1939 to 1958,during World War II and the beginning of the Cold War.
Ken Harada was a chargéd'affaires to Vichy France and a diplomat to the Holy See from Japan. He was appointed as a special envoy to the Vatican,and served in this capacity from 1942 to 1945. He was the first diplomatic representative to the Vatican from Japan.
Miguel Humberto Díaz is an American theologian,diplomat and commentator who served as United States Ambassador to the Holy See. He was nominated by President Barack Obama and confirmed by the U.S. Senate on August 5,2009. He resigned on November 5,2012,and was immediately named University Professor of Faith and Culture at the University of Dayton. He was the first Hispanic U.S. Ambassador accredited to the Holy See.
Eugenio Cardinal Pacelli visited the United States for two weeks in October–November 1936 as Cardinal Secretary of State and Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church. At the time,Pacelli was the highest-ranking Catholic official ever to visit the US. Although he did not visit the US as Pope,he was the first Pope who visited the US at any time in his life.
The orders,decorations,and medals of the Holy See include titles,chivalric orders,distinctions and medals honoured by the Holy See,with the Pope as the fount of honour,for deeds and merits of their recipients to the benefit of the Holy See,the Catholic Church,or their respective communities,societies,nations and the world at large.
Holy See–Philippines relations refers to the relations between the Holy See and the Philippines. As one of two Catholic-majority countries in Asia,the Philippines enjoys significant relations with the Holy See. The Holy See has a nunciature in Manila,and the Philippines has an embassy to the Holy See based in Rome.
Genevieve Brady,Duchess of the Holy Roman Church was an American philanthropist and patron of Catholic charities. She served as the Vice President of the Welfare Council of New York,as Vice Chair of the National Women's Committee on Welfare and Relief Mobilization,and as Board Chair of the Girl Scouts of the USA. In 1926 she was ennobled by Pope Pius XI,becoming a papal duchess in her own right. In 1934 she became the first woman to receive an honorary degree from Georgetown University.
Brazil–Holy See relations are the current and historical relations between Brazil and the Holy See. Catholicism was introduced in Brazil in 1500 by the Portuguese Empire,and it is the country's predominant faith. Brazil also has the world's largest Catholic population. Since the adoption of the Constitution in 1891,Brazil is a secular nation.
