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Khadim Ali (Urdu: خادم علی, born in Queta, Pakistan, 1978) is an Australian painter of Afghan descent, a member of the Hazaras ethnic group.
Khadim Ali was born in 1978 in the Pakistani city of Quetta to a family of refugees from Bamiyan Province in Afghanistan, who belonged to the Hazara ethnic minority. He grew up in Pakistan close to the Afghanistan border.As a child he was exposed to the beauty of Ferdowsi's Persian epic 10th-century poetic work Shahnameh (Book of Kings), which his grandfather sung, and the miniature paintings that illustrated it. [1]
He studied Mughal miniature painting at the National College of Arts in Lahore, and calligraphy at Tehran University in Iran. [1]
After being a guest artist at the Fukuoka Asian Art Museum in Fukuoka, Japan in 2006, in 2010 Ali moved to Sydney, Australia. In 2012 he graduated with a master's degree in arts from the University of New South Wales.[ citation needed ]
Using classical Mughal miniature methods, Ali drew new illustrations for Shahanama. He uses images from history, poetry, mythology and politics to investigate through art the events of the wars in Afghanistan, the persecution, exile and discrimination, and the loss caused by destruction of culture. He references the Buddhas of Bamiyan, huge statues that were destroyed in March 2001 by Taliban extremists. [1]
In 2006 the artist participated in the Venice Biennale, and in 2012 at the Documenta exhibition of contemporary art in Kassel, Germany.[ citation needed ]
In February–March 2018, Ali's work was included in an exhibition curated by Abdul-Rahman Abdullah and Nur Shkembi, called Waqt al-tagheer: Time of change at ACE Open, Adelaide as part of the Adelaide Festival. The exhibition showcased the work of 11 Muslim Australian artists, including Abdul-Rahman's brother Abdul Abdullah and photographic artist Hoda Afshar. [2]
Work by Ali is in the collection of the Sharjah Art Foundation. [3]
In November 2023 participated in a major group exhibition Voice Against Reason Museum MACAN along with others 23 artists from Australia, Bangladesh, India Indonesia, Japan, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Abdur Rahman Khan also known by his epithets, The Iron Amir, was Amir of Afghanistan from 1880 to his death in 1901. He is known for perpetrating the Hazara Genocide, but also uniting the country after years of internal fighting and negotiation of the Durand Line Agreement with British India.
The Hazaras are an ethnic group and a principal component of Afghanistan’s population. They are one of the largest ethnic groups in Afghanistan, primarily residing in the Hazaristan (Hazarajat) region in central Afghanistan. Hazaras also form significant minority communities in Pakistan, mainly in Quetta, and in Iran, primarily in Mashhad. They speak the Dari and Hazaragi dialects of Persian. Dari, also known as Dari Persian, is one of the two official languages of Afghanistan.
Ustad Abdul Ali Mazari was an Afghan Hazara politician and leader of the Hezbe Wahdat during and following the Soviet–Afghanistan War,who advocated for a federal system of governance in Afghanistan. He believed that this would end political and ethnic division in Afghanistan by guaranteeing rights to every ethnic group. He was allegedly captured and murdered by the Taliban during negotiations in 1995. He was commonly known as Baba Mazari for his leadership of Hezbe Wahdat within the Hazara community.
The Buddhas of Bamiyan were two possibly 6th-century monumental Buddhist statues in the Bamiyan Valley of Afghanistan. Located 130 kilometres (81 mi) to the northwest of Kabul, at an elevation of 2,500 metres (8,200 ft), carbon dating of the structural components of the Buddhas has determined that the smaller 38 m (125 ft) "Eastern Buddha" was built around 570 CE, and the larger 55 m (180 ft) "Western Buddha" was built around 618 CE, which would date both to the time when the Hephthalites ruled the region. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site of historical Afghan Buddhism, it was a holy site for Buddhists on the Silk Road. However, in March 2001, both statues were destroyed by the Taliban following an order given on February 26, 2001, by Taliban leader Mullah Muhammad Omar, to destroy all the statues in Afghanistan "so that no one can worship or respect them in the future". International and local opinion condemned the destruction of the Buddhas.
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Afghan cameleers in Australia, also known as "Afghans" or "Ghans", were camel drivers who worked in Outback Australia from the 1860s to the 1930s. Small groups of cameleers were shipped in and out of Australia at three-year intervals, to service the Australian inland pastoral industry by carting goods and transporting wool bales by camel trains. They were commonly referred to as "Afghans", even though the majority of them originated from the far western parts of British India, primarily the North-West Frontier Province and Balochistan, which was inhabited by ethnic Pashtuns and Balochs. Nonetheless, many were from Afghanistan itself as well. In addition, there were also some with origins in Egypt and Turkey. The majority of cameleers, including cameleers from British India, were Muslim, while a sizeable minority were Sikhs from the Punjab region. They set up camel-breeding stations and rest-house outposts, known as caravanserai, throughout inland Australia, creating a permanent link between the coastal cities and the remote cattle and sheep grazing stations until about the 1930s, when they were largely replaced by the automobile. They provided vital support to exploration, communications and settlement in the arid interior of the country where the climate was too harsh for horses. They also played a major role in establishing Islam in Australia, building the country's first mosque at Marree in South Australia in 1861, the Central Adelaide Mosque, and several mosques in Western Australia.
Hazara Town is a lower- to middle-income area on the western outskirts of Quetta, Pakistan, of which an almost all the residents are ethnic Hazaras, with a small population of Pashtuns and Baloch.
The Hazaras have long been the subject of persecution in Afghanistan, including enslavement during the 19th century and ethnic and religious persecution for hundreds of years. In the 20th and 21st centuries, they have also been the victims of massacres committed by the Taliban and al-Qaeda. Hazaras have been systemically killed and discriminated against socially, economically, and culturally with specific intent, argued by some to constitute genocide. The Hazaras primarily come from the central regions of Afghanistan, known as Hazarajat. Significant communities of Hazara people also live in Quetta, Pakistan and in Mashad, Iran, as part of the Hazara and Afghan diasporas.
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