Khopyor River

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Khopyor River Hoper sla.jpg
Khopyor River
Don and Khopyor rivers. Donrivermap.png
Don and Khopyor rivers.

Khopyor (Russian : Хопёр, also transliterated as Khoper) is a river in European Russia, the biggest left tributary of the Don River. It is 979 kilometres (608 mi) long, with a watershed of 61,100 square kilometres (23,600 sq mi). The mouth width is 300 metres (980 ft). The Khopyor is navigable up to 323 kilometres (201 mi) from the mouth. The maximum discharge is 3,720 cubic metres per second (131,000 cu ft/s); the average discharge is 150 cubic metres per second (5,300 cu ft/s), and the minimum discharge is 45 cubic metres per second (1,600 cu ft/s).

Russian language East Slavic language

Russian is an East Slavic language, which is official in the Russian Federation, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as being widely used throughout Eastern Europe, the Baltic states, the Caucasus and Central Asia. It was the de facto language of the Soviet Union until its dissolution on 25 December 1991. Although nearly three decades have passed since the breakup of the Soviet Union, Russian is used in official capacity or in public life in all the post-Soviet nation-states, as well as in Israel and Mongolia.

European Russia part of Russia in Europe

European Russia is the western part of the Russian Federation, which is part of Eastern Europe. With a population of 110 million people, European Russia has about 77% of Russia's population, but covers less than 25% of Russia's territory. European Russia includes Moscow and Saint Petersburg, the two largest cities in Russia.

Drainage basin Area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet

A drainage basin is any area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water. The drainage basin includes all the surface water from rain runoff, snowmelt, and nearby streams that run downslope towards the shared outlet, as well as the groundwater underneath the earth's surface. Drainage basins connect into other drainage basins at lower elevations in a hierarchical pattern, with smaller sub-drainage basins, which in turn drain into another common outlet.

Contents

Fish in the river include bream, zander, common roach, rudd, European chub, ide, bleak, catfish, pike, perch, asp and burbot.

Bream species of freshwater and marine fish

Bream ( ) is a species of freshwater and marine fish belonging to a variety of genera including Abramis, Acanthopagrus, Argyrops, Blicca, Brama, Chilotilapia, Etelis, Lepomis, Gymnocranius, Lethrinus, Nemipterus, Pharyngochromis, Rhabdosargus, or Scolopsis.

Zander species of fish

The zander is a species of fish from freshwater and brackish habitats in western Eurasia. It is a popular game fish and has been introduced to a variety of localities outside its native range.

Common roach species of fish

The roach, also known as the common roach, is a fresh and brackish water fish of the Cyprinidae family, native to most of Europe and western Asia. Fishes called roach can be any species of the genera Rutilus and Hesperoleucus, depending on locality. The plural of the term is also roach.

Towns

Towns on the Khopyor River in orographic sequence (from source to mouth) are:

Balashov (town) Town in Saratov Oblast, Russia

Balashov is a town in Saratov Oblast, Russia, located on the Khopyor River. Population: 82,227 (2010 Census); 98,330 (2002 Census); 97,047 (1989 Census). It was previously known as Balashovo.

Borisoglebsk Town in Voronezh Oblast, Russia

Borisoglebsk is a town in Voronezh Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Vorona River near its confluence with the Khopyor. Population: 65,585 (2010 Census); 69,392 (2002 Census); 72,338 (1989 Census); 65,000 (1969).

Uryupinsk Town in Volgograd Oblast, Russia

Uryupinsk is a town in Volgograd Oblast, Russia, located 340 kilometers (210 mi) northwest of Volgograd on the Khopyor River. Population: 41,590 (2010 Census); 41,960 (2002 Census); 42,954 (1989 Census).

Downstream from Borisoglebsk, is the Khopyor Nature Reserve, populated with protected beavers, wisents and Russian desman. It also has various protected flora including Iris tenuifloia . [1]

Khopyor Nature Reserve

Khopyor Nature Reserve is a Russian 'zapovednik' that protects a stretch of 50 km along the Khopyor River in the Voronezh Oblast. About 80% of the area is covered by forests, dominated floodplain and upland oak woods, small areas of steppes and meadows. There are about 400 lakes and oxbows. The reserve is situated in the Novokhopyorsky District of Voronezh Oblast.

Beaver genus of mammals

The beaver is a large, primarily nocturnal, semiaquatic rodent. Castor includes two extant species, the North American beaver and Eurasian beaver (Eurasia). Beavers are known for building dams, canals, and lodges (homes). They are the second-largest rodent in the world. Their colonies create one or more dams to provide still, deep water to protect against predators, and to float food and building material. The North American beaver population was once more than 60 million, but as of 1988 was 6–12 million. This population decline is the result of extensive hunting for fur, for glands used as medicine and perfume, and because the beavers' harvesting of trees and flooding of waterways may interfere with other land uses.

Russian desman species of mammal of genus Desmana in the family Talpidae

The Russian desman is a small semiaquatic mammal that inhabits the Volga, Don and Ural River basins in Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan. It constructs burrows into the banks of ponds and slow-moving streams, but prefers small, overgrown ponds with abundance of insects, crayfish and amphibians. The Russian desman often lives in small groups of two to five animals, and appears to have a complex communication and social system.

Cultural associations

In 1834, Mikhail Zagoskin published a collection of ghost stories entitled An Evening on the Khoper River.

Mikhail Zagoskin Russian playwright

Mikhail Nikolayevich Zagoskin, , was a Russian writer of social comedies and historical novels.

Ghost story literary genre

A ghost story may be any piece of fiction, or drama, that includes a ghost, or simply takes as a premise the possibility of ghosts or characters' belief in them. The "ghost" may appear of its own accord or be summoned by magic. Linked to the ghost is the idea of "hauntings", where a supernatural entity is tied to a place, object or person. Ghost stories are commonly examples of ghostlore.

According to legend, an oldman Hopper lived in these places of Penza Oblast. One day he went by steppe and saw 12 springs. The old man took a shovel and assembled all the springs in one big stream. On this stream oldman Hopper built a mill to grind grain for the peasants from nearby villages. Later the river was given the name of its creator.

The river gave its name to the Khoper-Invest company, infamous for its pyramid scheme fraud.

Coordinates: 49°36′23″N42°18′29″E / 49.60639°N 42.30806°E / 49.60639; 42.30806

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References

  1. "The exhibition "Iris Russia"". flower-iris.ru. Retrieved 23 January 2015.