Koppula Velama | |
---|---|
Classification | Other Backward Classes |
Religions | Hinduism [1] |
Languages | Telugu |
Populated states | Andhra Pradesh, Telangana |
Koppula Velama or Koppu Velama is a Telugu peasant caste found in Andhra Pradesh, India. [2] They are primarily found in the Uttarandhra region with smaller populations in other districts of the state. They are classified under the Other Backward Classes (OBCs) by the Government of Andhra Pradesh. [3] They are politically well-represented in the Uttarandhra region. [4] Koppula Velama is distinct from Padmanayaka Velama or Velama Dora caste. [5] [6]
The caste name possibly originated from the practice of their men not cutting their hair but tying it on their heads in the form of a knot, known in Telugu as Koppu (కొప్పు). Hence, they are named as Koppu Velama or Koppula Velama. [2] [7]
In 1972, the Government of Andhra Pradesh included the Koppula Velama community in the Backward Castes-D (BC-D) category due to their backwardness. [8] [9] [10] But the community leaders resent the inclusion of new communities in BC-D category and demanded the state government to stop including any new communities in the list. [8] Koppula Velama community is also seeking their inclusion in Backward Castes-A (BC-A) list of Andhra Pradesh government. [11]
Koppu Velamas are a kindred group to Polinati Velama caste who are also present in Uttarandhra region. Both of them are distinct from Padmanayaka Velama caste (also known as Velama Dora). [6] [5] [12]
Koppula Velamas hold key positions in erstwhile Visakahapatnam district along with Kapu and Gavara castes. These three castes are economically and numerically dominant in Visakhapatnam and Anakapalli districts. [13]
The Telugu Desam Party is an Indian Telugu regional political party with influence in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It was founded by the former chief minister of Andhra Pradesh N. T. Rama Rao (N.T.R.) on 29 March 1982 and has focused on supporting Telugu speakers. The party has won a five-time majority in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly and has emerged as the most successful political outfit in the state's history. It is currently the ruling party in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.
The Other Backward Class (OBC) is a collective term used by the Government of India to classify communities that are educationally or socially backward. It is one of several official classifications of the population of India, along with general castes, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The OBCs were found to comprise 52% of the country's population by the Mandal Commission report of 1980 and were determined to be 41% in 2006 when the National Sample Survey Organisation took place. There is substantial debate over the exact number of OBCs in India; it is generally estimated to be sizable, but many believe that it is higher than the figures quoted by either the Mandal Commission or the National Sample Survey.
Madiga is a Telugu caste from southern India. They mainly live in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Karnataka, with a small minority in Tamil Nadu. Madigas are historically associated with the work of tannery, leatherwork and small handicrafts. Today, most are agricultural labourers. They are categorized as a Scheduled Caste by the Government of India. Within the Madiga community, there are various sub-castes include Bindla, Chindu, Dakkali, Mashti, Sangaris and the priestly class is known as Madiga Dasu.
Velama is an upper caste found mainly in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. The earliest recorded use of the term "Velama" to refer to a community dates back to the 11th century. In the caste-based hierarchy, they hold a high position alongside the Reddy, Kapu/Telaga and Kamma castes. In Telangana, they are referred to as "Dora" (Lord) by other castes, a term that signifies a high level of respect. The modern Velama community is divided into four distinct categories: Padmanayaka Velama, Adi Velama, Koppula Velama, and Polinati Velama. Although these groups are separate, they share a common social identity and are unified under the Velama community.
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Telaga is a community found in Coastal Andhra region of India. Telaga is a subcaste of Kapu and both terms are often used synonymously. They are classified as a Forward caste. They are a land-owning agrarian community. Historically, they were a warrior caste known for their honour and bravery.
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