| Korea General Magnesia Clinker Industry Group | |
| Chosŏn'gŭl | |
|---|---|
| Hancha | |
| Revised Romanization | Joseon Mageunesya Keuringka Gongeom Chong Hoesa |
| McCune–Reischauer | Chosŏn Magŭnesya K'ŭringk'a Kongŏm Ch'ong Hoesa |
Korea General Magnesia Clinker Industry Group is a mining and heavy industrial corporate group headquartered in Pyongyang,North Korea. [2] The company produces magnesia clinker,slightly burnt magnesia,chlorite,firebricks and fireproofing materials. [3]
The group imports some raw materials and some mining and industrial accessories.
In 2010,Vesuvius USA Corporation received a licence,from Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC),to import dead-burned magnesite into the United States from the Korea General Magnesia Clinker Industry Group. [4]
A cement is a binder,a chemical substance used for construction that sets,hardens,and adheres to other materials to bind them together. Cement is seldom used on its own,but rather to bind sand and gravel (aggregate) together. Cement mixed with fine aggregate produces mortar for masonry,or with sand and gravel,produces concrete. Concrete is the most widely used material in existence and is behind only water as the planet's most-consumed resource.
The economy of Kyrgyzstan is heavily dependent on the agricultural sector. Cotton,tobacco,wool,and meat are the main agricultural products,although only tobacco and cotton are exported in any quantity. According to Healy Consultants,Kyrgyzstan's economy relies heavily on the strength of industrial exports,with plentiful reserves of gold,mercury and uranium. The economy also relies heavily on remittances from foreign workers. Following independence,Kyrgyzstan was progressive in carrying out market reforms,such as an improved regulatory system and land reform. In 1998,Kyrgyzstan was the first Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) country to be accepted into the World Trade Organization. Much of the government's stock in enterprises has been sold. Kyrgyzstan's economic performance has been hindered by widespread corruption,low foreign investment and general regional instability. Despite those issues,Kyrgyzstan is ranked 70th on the ease of doing business index.
The economy of North Korea is a centrally planned economy,following Juche,where the role of market allocation schemes is limited,although increasing. As of 2022,North Korea continues its basic adherence to a centralized planned economy. With a total gross domestic product of $28.500 billion as of 2016,there has been some economic liberalization,particularly after Kim Jong Un assumed the leadership in 2012,but reports conflict over particular legislation and enactment. Since the 1990s,informal market activity has increased,which the government has tolerated. These markets are referred to as 'Jangmadang',and were formed as a result of the economic collapse during the 1990s,which made the regime unable to distribute food to its people.
The economy of South Korea is a highly developed mixed economy. By nominal GDP,₩2.24 quadrillion,it has the 4th largest economy in Asia and the 12th largest in the world. South Korea is notable for its rapid economic development from an underdeveloped nation to a developed,high-income country in a few generations. This economic growth has been described as the Miracle on the Han River,which has allowed it to join the OECD and the G20. South Korea remains one of the fastest-growing developed countries in the world following the Great Recession and the COVID-19 recession. It is included in the group of Next Eleven countries as having the potential to play a dominant role in the global economy by the middle of the 21st century.
Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general use around the world as a basic ingredient of concrete,mortar,stucco,and non-specialty grout. It was developed from other types of hydraulic lime in England in the early 19th century by Joseph Aspdin,and is usually made from limestone. It is a fine powder,produced by heating limestone and clay minerals in a kiln to form clinker,grinding the clinker,and adding 2 to 3 percent of gypsum. Several types of portland cement are available. The most common,called ordinary portland cement (OPC),is grey,but white portland cement is also available. Its name is derived from its resemblance to portland stone which was quarried on the Isle of Portland in Dorset,England. It was named by Joseph Aspdin who obtained a patent for it in 1824. His son William Aspdin is regarded as the inventor of "modern" portland cement due to his developments in the 1840s.
The Mitsubishi Group is a group of autonomous Japanese multinational companies in a variety of industries.
Ulsan,officially the Ulsan Metropolitan City,is South Korea's seventh-largest metropolitan city and the eighth-largest city overall,with a population of over 1.1 million inhabitants. It is located in the south-east of the country,neighboring Busan to the south and facing Gyeongju to the north.
POSCO is a South Korean steel-making company headquartered in Pohang,South Korea. It had an output of 42,000,000 metric tons of crude steel in 2015,making it the world's sixth-largest steelmaker by this measure. In 2010,it was the world's largest steel manufacturing company by market value. Also,in 2012,it was named as the world's 146th-largest corporation by the Fortune Global 500.
SK Group is a South Korean multinational manufacturing and services conglomerate headquartered in Seoul. A chaebol,SK Group is second largest such conglomerate by revenue in South Korea,after Samsung Group. Through a number of subsidiaries,it is engaged in various businesses,including manufacture of chemicals and petrochemicals,semiconductors,flash memory and miscellaneous information technology,as well providing telecommunications services worldwide among its other less notable ventures.
Korea General Zinc Industry Group (Korean: 조선아연공업총회사) is a North Korean mining and industrial group headquartered in Pyongyang founded in the year 2000. The group produces zinc,lead,base bullion,lead concentrates,zinc concentrates,cadmium,arsenic,zinc residues and copper concentrate for export and domestic use. The group imports some industrial and mining accessories,including industrial chemical reagents and animal feed.
Mining in Japan is minimal because Japan does not possess many on-shore mineral resources. Many of the on-shore minerals have already been mined to the point that it has become less expensive to import minerals. There are small deposits of coal,oil,iron and minerals in the Japanese archipelago. Japan is scarce in critical natural resources and has been heavily dependent on imported energy and raw materials. There are major deep sea mineral resources in the seabed of Japan. This is not mined yet due to technological obstacles for deep sea mining.
Mining in Iran is still under development,yet the country is one of the most important mineral producers in the world,ranked among 15 major mineral-rich countries,holding some 68 types of minerals,37 billion tonnes of proven reserves and more than 57 billion tonnes of potential reserves worth $770 billion in 2014. Mineral production contributes only 0.6 percent to the country's GDP. Add other mining-related industries and this figure increases to just four percent (2005). Many factors have contributed to this,namely lack of suitable infrastructure,legal barriers,exploration difficulties,and government control.
UBE Corporation is a Japanese chemical company manufacturing chemicals,plastics,battery materials,pharmaceuticals,cement,construction materials,and machinery.
Industry in Ghana accounts for about 24.5% of total GDP. However,Ghana's industrial production is rising at a 7.8% rate,giving it the 38th fastest growing industrial production in the world due to government industrialization policies.
The mineral industry is one of the main sectors of the Armenian economy and in 2017 accounted for 30.1% of its exports.
Asbestos is a naturally occurring fibrous silicate mineral. There are six types,all of which are composed of long and thin fibrous crystals,each fibre being composed of many microscopic "fibrils" that can be released into the atmosphere by abrasion and other processes. Inhalation of asbestos fibres can lead to various dangerous lung conditions,including mesothelioma,asbestosis,and lung cancer. As a result of these health effects,asbestos is considered a serious health and safety hazard.
According to a report by The Economist,Iran has been ranked 39th for producing $23 billion of industrial products in 2008. From 2008 to 2009 Iran has leaped to 28th place from 69th place in annual industrial production growth rate.
Mining in North Korea is important to the country's economy. North Korea is naturally abundant in metals such as magnesite,zinc,tungsten,and iron;with magnesite resources of 6 billion tonnes,particularly in the North and South Hamgyong Province and Chagang Province. However,often these cannot be mined due to the acute shortage of electricity in the country,as well as the lack of proper tools to mine these materials and an antiquated industrial base. Coal,iron ore,limestone,and magnesite deposits are larger than other mineral commodities. Mining joint ventures with other countries include China,Canada,Egypt,and South Korea.
The mining industry of Togo is centred mainly around the extraction of phosphate,ranking it 19th in world production. Other minerals extracted are diamond,gold,and limestone. More minerals identified but yet to be brought into production mode are manganese,bauxite,gypsum,iron ore,marble,rutile,and zinc. The mineral sector contributes 2.8% to the country's gross domestic product (GDP).
