The Mouride brotherhood is a large tariqa most prominent in Senegal and The Gambia with headquarters in the city of Touba, which is a holy city for the order. Adherents are called Mourides, from the Arabic word murīd, a term used generally in Sufism to designate a disciple of a spiritual guide.The beliefs and practices of the Mourides constitute Mouridism. Mouride disciples call themselves taalibé in Wolof and must undergo a ritual of allegiance called njebbel, as it is considered highly important to have a sheikh "spiritual guide" in order to become a Mouride. The Mouride brotherhood was founded in 1883 in Senegal by Amadou Bamba. The Mouride make up around 40 percent of the total population, and their influence over everyday life can be seen throughout Senegal.
Dakar Region is the smallest and most populated Region of Senegal, encompassing the capital city of the country, Dakar, and all its suburbs along the Cap–Vert Peninsula, Africa's most westerly point.
Tambacounda, formerly known as Sénégal Oriental, is a region of Senegal. It used to be part of the Mali Empire before the borders were created to separate Mali from Senegal. Tambacounda is physically the largest of Senegal's 14 regions, but is sparsely populated and its economy lags behind the rest of the country. The department of Kédougou was separated from Tambacounda in 2008, and became a separate region.
Thiès is a region of western Senegal. The capital is also called Thiès.
The departments of Senegal are subdivided into arrondissements. As of 2008 there were 133. The arrondissements are listed below, by department:
Diourbel Department is one of the 45 departments of Senegal, one of the three constituting the Diourbel Region.
Bakel Department is one of the 45 departments of Senegal and one of the four making up the Tambacounda Region in the east of the country. The department had an area of 22,378 km² and population estimate at 215,680 in 2005. However, in 2008 the department was split to form the new department of Goudiry, so the area was reduced to estimated 6,290 km².
Tambacounda Department is one of the 45 departments of Senegal, and one of the four making up the Tambacounda Region. It formerly covered an area of 20,328 km² and in 2013 had an estimated population of 283,769. However in 2005 it was reduced in size to create the new Koumpentoum Department.
Vélingara Department is one of the 46 departments of Senegal, one of the three making up the Kolda Region in the Upper Casamance.
Fatick Department is one of the 45 departments of Senegal, one of the three departments making up the Fatick Region, and lies on the road between Mbour and Kaolack. The Fatick region is home to many Sereer people ; the Sereers are one of the major ethnic groups in Senegal and there are four Sereer dialects. At least 99% of the regional area consists Seereer, notably of Seereer Niominka people, and less than 1% of migrant Fulbe.
Rufisque Department is one of the 45 departments of Senegal and one of the four which make up the Dakar Region.
Ziguinchor Department is one of the 45 departments of Senegal, one of three located in the Ziguinchor Region in the south-west of the country.
Oussouye Department is one of the departments of Senegal, located in the Ziguinchor Region. It's situated in Basse Casamance, on the right bank of the mouth of the Casamance River.
Koungheul is the name of one of 45 departments of Senegal, as well as the name of Koungheul Arrondissement and the commune of Koungheul, the principal settlement of the department.
Guinguinéo Department is one of the 45 departments of Senegal, and one of three which form the Kaolack Region. It was created by decree in 2008.
Médina Yoro Foulah Department is one of the 45 departments of Senegal, located in the Kolda Region. It was created in 2008.
Goudiry Department is one of the 45 departments of Senegal, one of four making up the Tambacounda Region. It was created by decree in 2008.
Bamba Thialène is the name of a settlement in the department of Koumpentoum in Tambacounda Region of east Senegal.
Bamba Thialène is an arrondissement of Koumpentoum in Tambacounda Region in Senegal.
Ida Mouride is an arrondissement of Koungheul in Kaffrine Region in Senegal.
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