Lake Kachera | |
---|---|
![]() Satellite map of Lake Kachira | |
Location | Rakai District |
Coordinates | -0.5851, 31.1245 |
Type | Fresh water |
Part of | Lake Victoria basin |
Primary inflows | River Rwizi |
Primary outflows | Kagera River |
Basin countries | Uganda |
Max. length | 20 kilometres (12 miles) |
Max. width | 3.5 kilometres (2.2 miles) |
Surface area | 42 square kilometres (16 square miles) |
Lake Kachera is also known as Lake Kachira, Lake Kacheera, Lake Kakyera and Lake Kachra is a shallow fresh water lake that is located in Rakai district and Mbarara district in Uganda. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] It is a part of the Mburo-Nakivale wetland system and also a part of the complex system of lakes known as Koki lakes that are separated by vast swamps. [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] It is also one of the lakes that make the Victoria satellite lakes. [9] [10]
Lake Kachera is located in Mbarara district in the Western part of Uganda. Lake Kachera is located at coordinates 0°35′06″S31°07′28″E / 0.5851°S 31.1245°E . [12] [13] [14] Lake Kachera is located at an altitude of 1,232 metres (4,042 feet) above the sea level. [13] It is located near to Lake Mburo National Park. [15] [16] [11]
Lake Kachera is a part of a system of lakes known as "Koki Lakes" that are separated from Lake Victoria by an extension of vast swamps and it is also one of the lakes that make the Victoria satellite lakes. [13] [17] [16] [18] [19] The Koki lakes consist of Lake Kachera, Lake Mburo, Lake Kijanebalola and Lake Nakivali. [18]
After the 1997 Elnino happening, Lake Kacheera lost most of its waters to Lake Victoria due to a massive water flow via Lake Kijjanebarora and its level fell by 3 metres. [20] Lake Kachera also lost its floating island that used to be a refugium for the fish. [20] Its shores are covered with swamps, thickets and woodlands. [21]
Lake Kachera is a shallow lake with an average depth of 5 metres (16 feet) and also cover an area of 42 square kilometres (16 square miles) and a circumference of 81 km. [22] It has a maximum length of 20 kilometres (12 miles) and width of 3.5 kilometres (2.2 miles). [23]
River Ruizi flows from the Bushenyi district and passes through Lake Kachera and Lake Kijanebalola before it enters into Lake Mburo and ending in Lake Victoria. [20] [24] It drains it waters into Lake Victoria via Kagera River which is its only river out flow. [23]
River Rwizi also pours its water into Lake Victoria through Lake Kachera which is a drainage system for Lake Victoria. [25] [26] [27]
Lake Kachera has different species of birds, fish, plants and animals. [28] [29]
Lake Kachera has different species of fish that include; the Nile Tilapia, Singida Tilapia, Clarias, tilapiine Oreochromis esculentus (locally know as Engege), Astatoreochromis,Astatotilapia, Haragachromis, Oreochromis, Tilapia, Protopterus. [28] [30] [29] [31] [11]
Lake Kachera has native non cichlid fish that include; Clarias gariepinus, Clarias liocephalus, Protopterus aethiopicus. [32]
Lake Kachera's shoreline vegetation is comprised of Cyperus papyrus, Cyperus esculentus, Phragmites mauritianus, forest, and banana plantations. [31] [33]
Lake Kachera has a total of 47 taxa and the number of Algal species in lake Kachera include; Cynophyta (17), Chlorophyta (19), Bacillariophyta (5), Euglenophyta (3), Pyrrophyta(1), Chrysophyta (1) , and Cryptophyta (1). [32]
Lake Kachera has 22 species of zooplankton taxa that include; Cladocera (that includes; Ceriodaphnia cornuta, Moina micrura, Eucyclops, Mesocyclops, Toronaeus incisus, Toronaeus neglectus), Rotifera (that includes; Asplanchna, Brachionus angularis, Brachionus bidentatus, Brachionus budapestinensis, Brachionus quadridentatus, Brachionus calyciflorus, Brachionus falcatus, Brachionus patulus, AFilinia longiseta, F.opoliensis, Hexathra spp., K.tropica, Lecane bulla, Polyarthra, Polyarthra vulgaris, Synchaeta pectinata, Synchaeta spp., Trichocerca cylindrical. [32]
Lake Kachera has 8 species of amphibians that include; Bufo gutturalis (Guttural Toad), Hyperolius acuticeps (Sharp-nosed Reed Frog), Hyperolius kivuensis kivuensis (Kivu Reed Frog), Hyperolius viridiflavus bayoni, Hyperolius viridiflavus viridiflavus (Common Reed Frog), Phrynobatrachus natalensis (Natal River Frog), Ptychadena mascareniensis (Mascarene Grassland Frog), Ptychadena oxyrhynchus (Kaffirland Grasslan), Ptychadena porissisima (Ethiopia Grassland Frog), Xenopus laevis victorianus (African Clawed Frog). [32]
Lake Kachera has 7 species of Reptiles that include; Agama atricollis (Common Tree Agama), Cocodylus niloticus (Nile Crocodile), Mabuya maculilabris (Speckle-lipped Skink), Mabuya striata (Common Striped Skink), Naja melanoleuca (Water Cobra), Python sebae (Rock Python), Varanus niloticus (Monitor Lizard). [32]
Lake Kachera has 5 species of mammals that include; Atilax paludinosus (Marsh Mongoose), Hippopotamus amphibius (Hippopotamus), Lophuromys sikapusi (Common Brush-furred Bat), Lutra maculicollis (Spot-necked Otter), Praomys jacksoni (Jackson’s Soft-furred Rat). [32]
Fishing, Fish processing, tourism, agriculture, livestock keeping, Mixed farming are some of the economic activities that are carried out around Lake Kachera. [34] [35] [36] [37]
Rakai district authories campaign for sustainable fishing by giving fishermen guidelines and making new rules and regulations such restricting fishing on some landing sites, arresting those who participate in illegal fishing activities by through water and land patrols and also partnering with the Uganda government agencies and fishing community organizations (BMU). [38] [39] [40] [41]
From 2017 to 2020, National Environment Management Authority of Uganda (NEMA) restored 200 hactres of the degraded Lake Kachera shoreline wetland ecosystem in Kiruhura district through buffer zone demarcation, tree planting and removal of illegal structures in the buffer zones, and community sensitization on ecosystem management. [42] [43] [44]
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