In Taiwan, 2% of its municipal solid waste is disposed of by landfill. [1] As of 2013, there are a total of 404 landfills in Taiwan. [2] Public landfills in Taiwan can be divided into sanitary landfill and basic landfill. The former has detailed regulations specifying it to prevent secondary pollution while the latter has none. [3]
Taipei's official landfill moved from near Songshan Airport to what became known as Neihu Garbage Mountain in Huzhou, Neihu District, in 1970. This location handled Taipei's waste disposal needs until 1985, when the Fudekeng location became operational. [4] The first sanitary landfill in Taiwan was constructed in 1984. [2]
Due to the land scarcity in Taiwan, building new landfills is difficult and is often met with opposition from nearby residents. [5] Common problems caused by landfills are increased traffic volume, higher noise level and damage caused by vibration. [6] Companies generally need around two years to construct a new landfill, due to lengthy negotiations with local residents who usually oppose the construction. There are also many illegal landfills in Taiwan which do not meet the minimum standard requirement. In summer 1997, trash were pilling up on the streets of Zhongli City, Taoyuan County for several weeks due to the unavailability of new landfills. [3]
Many of the landfills that have reached their capacity have been converted into parks and community centers. [1] The Environmental Protection Administration stated in 2011 that they would excavate old landfills for some materials and energy recovery, as well as adding bio-energy to the incinerator plants around Taiwan. [7]
In mid 2013, the Taipei City Government reopened the restored Shanzuku Landfill as the Shanshuilu Eco Park in Nangang District, Taipei. [8]
On 17 February 2017, Taipei Mayor Ko Wen-je inaugurated Taipei Energy Hill, the first landfill-based photovoltaic power station in Taiwan. The area used to be the site for Fude Landfill until 1994 and has been turned into an environmental park in 2003. [9]
In 2017, AU Optronics won a tender to construct a 3.5 MW photovoltaic power station in a former landfill site at Guanmiao District, Tainan. [10]
A landfill site, also known as a tip, dump, rubbish dump, garbage dump, or dumping ground, is a site for the disposal of waste materials. Landfill is the oldest and most common form of waste disposal, although the systematic burial of the waste with daily, intermediate and final covers only began in the 1940s. In the past, refuse was simply left in piles or thrown into pits; in archeology this is known as a midden.
Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of substances contained in waste materials. Industrial plants for waste incineration are commonly referred to as waste-to-energy facilities. Incineration and other high-temperature waste treatment systems are described as "thermal treatment". Incineration of waste materials converts the waste into ash, flue gas and heat. The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste and may take the form of solid lumps or particulates carried by the flue gas. The flue gases must be cleaned of gaseous and particulate pollutants before they are dispersed into the atmosphere. In some cases, the heat that is generated by incineration can be used to generate electric power.
New Taipei City is a special municipality located in northern Taiwan. The city is home to an estimated population of 4,008,113 as of 2021, making it the most populous city of Taiwan, and is also the second largest special municipality by area, behind Kaohsiung. New Taipei City completely encloses the city of Taipei and neighbours Keelung to the northeast, Yilan County to the southeast, and Taoyuan to the southwest. Banqiao District is its municipal seat and biggest commercial area.
Municipal solid waste (MSW), commonly known as trash or garbage in the United States and rubbish in Britain, is a waste type consisting of everyday items that are discarded by the public. "Garbage" can also refer specifically to food waste, as in a garbage disposal; the two are sometimes collected separately. In the European Union, the semantic definition is 'mixed municipal waste,' given waste code 20 03 01 in the European Waste Catalog. Although the waste may originate from a number of sources that has nothing to do with a municipality, the traditional role of municipalities in collecting and managing these kinds of waste have produced the particular etymology 'municipal.'
Waste Management, Inc., doing business as WM, is a waste management, comprehensive waste, and environmental services company operating in North America. Founded in 1968, the company is headquartered in the Bank of America Tower in Houston, Texas.
Solar power in Germany consists almost exclusively of photovoltaics (PV) and accounted for an estimated 8.2 percent of the country's gross-electricity generation in 2019. About 1.5 million photovoltaic systems were installed around the country in 2014, ranging from small rooftop systems, to medium commercial and large utility-scale solar parks. Germany's largest solar farms are located in Meuro, Neuhardenberg, and Templin with capacities over 100 MW.
Nuclear power in Taiwan accounts for 2,945 MWe of capacity by means of 2 active plants and 3 reactors. In 2015, before the closure of 3 reactors, they made up around 8.1% of its national primary energy consumption, and 19% of its electricity generation. The technology chosen for the reactors has been General Electric BWR technology for 2 plants and Westinghouse PWR technology for the Maanshan Nuclear Power Plant. Construction of the Lungmen Nuclear Power Plant using the ABWR design has encountered public opposition and a host of delays, and in April 2014 the government decided to suspend construction.
Rumpke Sanitary Landfill, more colloquially known as Mount Rumpke or Rumpke Mountain, is one of the largest landfills in the United States located in Colerain Township, Hamilton County, north of Cincinnati, Ohio. It is owned by Rumpke Consolidated Companies, Inc. and occupies over 230 acres (93 ha) of a 440-acre (180 ha) tract of land that the company owns. The landfill receives 2 million tons of household and industrial wastes annually.
China is the largest market in the world for both photovoltaics and solar thermal energy. China's photovoltaic industry began by making panels for satellites, and transitioned to the manufacture of domestic panels in the late 1990s. After substantial government incentives were introduced in 2011, China's solar power market grew dramatically: the country became the world's leading installer of photovoltaics in 2013. China surpassed Germany as the world's largest producer of photovoltaic energy in 2015, and became the first country to have over 100 GW of total installed photovoltaic capacity in 2017.
The management of waste in New Zealand has become more regulated to reduce associated environmental issues. According to OECD data, New Zealand is the third most wasteful country in the OECD.
Plasma gasification is in commercial use as a waste-to-energy system that converts municipal solid waste, tires, hazardous waste, and sewage sludge into synthesis gas (syngas) containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide that can be used to generate power. Municipal-scale waste disposal plasma arc facilities have been in operation in Japan and China since 2002. No commercial implementations in Europe and North America have succeeded so far. The technology is characterized by the potential of very high level of destruction of the incoming waste, but low or negative net energy production and high operational costs.
The Hickory Ridge Landfill is a municipal solid waste landfill located in Conley, Georgia, United States, and privately owned by Republic Services. The site was opened in 1993 and closed in 2006; it contains nearly 9,000,000 cubic yards of waste.
Renewable energy in Taiwan contributed to 8.7% of national electricity generation as of end of 2013. The total installed capacity of renewable energy in Taiwan by the end of 2013 was 3.76 GW. As of 2020, the Taiwan government aims for a renewable share of 20% by 2025, with coal and gas providing the other 80%.
Atlantic County Utilities Authority (ACUA) is a public agency in Atlantic County, New Jersey, that is responsible for enhancing quality of life through the protection of waters and lands from pollution by providing responsible waste management services.
The Beitou Refuse Incineration Plant is an incinerator in Zhoumei Borough, Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan.
Waste management in Taiwan refers to the management and disposal of waste in Taiwan. It is regulated by the Department of Waste Management of the Environmental Protection Administration of the Executive Yuan.
The Neihu Refuse Incineration Plant is an incinerator in Neihu District, Taipei, Taiwan.
Fudekeng Environmental Restoration Park is a park in Wenshan District, Taipei, Taiwan. The park houses the first photovoltaic power station in Taipei and the first one to be built at a former landfill site.
Shanshuilu Eco Park is a park in Nangang District, Taipei, Taiwan.
Taiwan has one of the most efficient recycling programs globally, with a 55% collection rate from households and businesses and a 77% collection rate from industrial wastes in 2019. Taiwan’s high recycling rates are unattainable in most countries due to Taiwanese geographical advantages along with efficient waste processing technologies and systems.
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