The laser pistol is a piece of sports equipment used to imitate firearms and is used in some sports including modern pentathlon, laser-run and triathle competitions. Laser pistols do not fire projectiles and can therefore be safer for spectators and participants. They can also be used in more places since the requirements for a backstop are not as strict except for laser eye safety. Regulation varies between jurisdictions, but they are usually not subject to laws concerning air guns or firearms and are often sold freely.
Only single shot pistols with open sights are allowed. [1] They are loaded by a loading lever, which needs to be operated by the non-shooting hand (typically the weak hand), and fired by a mechanical trigger (typically the strong hand). [1]
Laser pistols specifically designed for modern penathlon or laser run can be made of plastic, metal, or a mix of both. The grips are made of plastic or wood. Entry-level models usually have ambidextrous grips. Laser pistols above the entry-level use anatomically shaped ones.
The weight of the pistol must not exceed 1500 grams. [1] The minimum weight is 800 grams for adults, and 500 grams for youths. The maximum overall size is 420 mm × 200 mm × 50 mm. [1] The laser is red with a wavelength of the laser is 635 nm to 650 nm. [1] Laser pistols are categorised as Class 1: safe under all conditions of normal use. [2]
The corresponding electronic target is 170 mm × 170 mm with a black aiming mark consisting of the score zones 7 through 10: The same dimensions as the ISSF 10 meter air pistol targets. The distance from floor level to the centre of the target is 1400 mm +/- 50 mm as well. Ranges can be built indoors and outdoors.
Laser pistols are regulated by the Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne (UIPM), not the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF).
They were introduced in the modern pentathlon event at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics. [3] The first use of laser pistols instead of air pistols in a non-youth competition was in 2011. [4] The 2012 Olympics saw the first use of laser pistols in modern pentathlon during an Olympic competition. After that, laser pistols are not only employed in modern pentathlon but in triathle and laser-run events as well.
Triathle World Championships have been held since 2013. [5] The first Laser Run World Championships were held in 2015. [6] Laser-run was a showcase event at the 2019 World Urban Games in Budapest. [7]
The first generation of laser pistols were converted air pistols in which the barrel or air cylinder was replaced with a laser emitter. [8] Initially, the laser signal had a duration of 25.2 ms before changing to a duration of 15.6 ms from 2014 onwards. [9]
In the mid-2010s, the next generation of laser pistols appeared, which were specially produced for modern pentathlon and laser run. [10] This resulted in different approaches to construction: On the one hand, there are still models with the structure of a match air pistol: a very thin barrel and a more voluminous container underneath which holds additional weights or the laser emitter. On the other hand, there are models that are visually more similar to sport pistols.
There is only a handful of manufacturers of dedicated laser pistols and laser equipment: [11]
Air pistols of Feinwerkbau, Morini, Pardini, Steyr or Walther can be equipped with laser emitters (so-called 'containers') of different manufacturers.
Shooting sports is a group of competitive and recreational sporting activities involving proficiency tests of accuracy, precision and speed in shooting — the art of using ranged weapons, mainly small arms and bows/crossbows.
The modern pentathlon is an Olympic sport consisting of fencing, freestyle swimming, equestrian show jumping, pistol shooting, and cross country running. The event is inspired by the traditional pentathlon held during the ancient Olympics. The modern pentathlon was first held in 1912, and its rules have changed several times over the years. The latest structure, as of the 2020 Olympics, consists of three separate events for fencing, swimming, and equestrian, which determine each athlete's starting time in the final event. The last event, called the laser-run, alternates four legs of laser pistol shooting followed by an 800 m run.
An air gun or airgun is a gun that using energy from compressed air or other gases that are mechanically pressurized and released as propellant for the chosen projectiles based on the principle of the primitive blowgun. This is in contrast to a firearm, which fires projectiles using energy by burning combustible propellants, most often gunpowder.
A pentathlon is a contest featuring five events. The name is derived from Greek: combining the words pente (five) and -athlon (competition). The first pentathlon was documented in Ancient Greece and was part of the Ancient Olympic Games. Five events were contested over one day for the Ancient Olympic pentathlon, starting with the long jump, javelin throwing, and discus throwing, followed by the stadion and wrestling. Pentathletes were considered to be among the most skilled athletes, and their training was often part of military service—each of the five events in the pentathlon was thought to be useful in war or battle.
The modern pentathlon at the 2004 Summer Olympics was held from 26 to 27 August 2004, at the Olympic Modern Pentathlon Centre at the Goudi Olympic Complex. The men's and women's events each involved 32 athletes, an increase of eight from the previous games.
The 10 meter air pistol is an Olympic shooting event governed by the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF). It is similar to 10 meter air rifle in that it is shot with 4.5 mm caliber air guns at a distance of 10 metres (11 yards), and that the match consists of a qualification round of 60 competition shots within 75 minutes. If an Electronic Scoring System (EST) is not available, 15 minutes are added to the time limit. Competitors are allowed to shoot an unlimited number of shots during the 15 minutes preparation and sighting time. Along with the 50 meter pistol, it is considered a precision shooting event. Thus, numerous shooters compete in both events.
Modern pentathlon is a sport contested at the Summer Olympic Games.
Dry firing is the practice of simulating the discharge of a firearm without any live ammunition, or practicing with an inert laser/infrared training platform and may also include the use of a target/feedback system. The terms also commonly refers to simply "firing" a gun that has no ammunition in it. Concern is commonly expressed that doing so might damage the gun.
The Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne, commonly known by the acronym UIPM, has been the international governing body of modern pentathlon since its foundation in London in 1948. Its headquarters are in Monte-Carlo, Monaco, and it has 115 national federation members. Modern pentathlon was introduced at the fifth Olympiad in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1912, comprising the contemporary sports of pistol shooting, fencing, swimming, horse riding and running, which embraced the spirit of its ancient counterpart.
The 2011 World Modern Penthathlon Championship was held in Moscow, Russia from September 8 to September 14, 2011. The event was supposed to take place in Cairo but because of the 2011 Egyptian revolution it was moved to avoid any further political instability. The event includes pistol shooting, fencing, 200m swimming, show jumping and a 3 km run. For the first time laser pistols were used.
The modern pentathlon at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London was held from 11 to 12 August 2012. The men's and women's events each involved 36 athletes. The venues for the events were the Copper Box (fencing), the Aquatics Centre (swimming), and Greenwich Park.
The Modern Pentathlon Association Great Britain is the national governing body for the sport of modern pentathlon in Great Britain, recognised by the Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne. Modern Pentathlon, the sport Baron Pierre de Coubertin called ‘the veritable consecration of the complete athlete’ comprises five events: fencing, swimming, riding, shooting and running. Today's competition involves fencing épée for a single hit against each of the other competitors; swimming 200 metres freestyle; riding an unknown horse round a show-jumping course, and then running four 800 metre laps each preceded by shooting at five targets with a laser pistol. First appearing in the Olympic Games of 1912 at the specific request of de Coubertin, founder of the Modern Olympic Games, the same five sports have comprised this greatest of all Olympic challenges and the sport completed one hundred years of unbroken Olympic participation in 2012. Despite technological changes the five events have remained essentially the same. In Stockholm in 1912, competitors brought their own horses, fenced outdoors without electric equipment, used military pistols and swam and ran outdoors. The Stockholm event took six days to complete while the super-athletes of today finish in a single day; in 1912 only men competed while today women share equal billing; the 1912 competitors were nearly all military men while today civilians generally dominate the sport. The recent changes in the sport which combine shooting and running in a single event and make use of laser pistols are some of the exciting new developments that put Modern Pentathlon at the forefront of 21st century sporting advances. Even after one hundred years of Olympic competition, Modern Pentathlon's ability to move with the times has made it the true test of the all-round Olympic super athlete.
Annika Schleu is a German modern pentathlete. She won the gold medal of the relay event at the 2012 World Championships and 2017 World Championships. She has competed in three Olympic Games, finishing in 26th place in 2012 and in 4th place in 2016.
The modern pentathlon at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place from 19 to 20 August 2016 at Deodoro Aquatics Centre, Deodoro Stadium, and Youth Arena.
The modern pentathlon at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo took place in 2021 at Musashino Forest Sport Plaza and Ajinomoto Stadium.
South African Modern Pentathlon Association (SAMPA) is the governing body for the sport of modern pentathlon in South Africa recognised by the Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne (UIPM). Modern pentathlon of the current era is an Olympic sport that is made up of five events: fencing, freestyle swimming, show jumping, and a final combined event involving laser pistol shooting, and cross-country running.
Jilly Wallace is a British former freestyle skier, who won 29 FIS World Cup medals, which was the most for any British skier or snowboarder until 2020. She competed at the 1992 and 1994 Winter Olympics. She is 6 times World Champion in Laser-Run at the UIPM World Championships.
Triathle is a sub-sport of modern pentathlon consisting of running, swimming and shooting.
Laser-run is a multisport competition consisting of running and shooting. It is a sport in its own right and the last event of the modern pentathlon where it was formerly known as combined.
The modern pentathlon at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris is scheduled to take place from 8–11 August 2024 at the Palace of Versailles and the Vélodrome National. The Palace of Versailles will host all the modern pentathlon events, excluding the fencing ranking rounds which will occur at the National Velodrome. Two events will be contested, one for men and another for women.