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The Corduliidae, also knowns as the emeralds, emerald dragonflies or green-eyed skimmers, is a family of dragonflies. These dragonflies are usually black or dark brown with areas of metallic green or yellow, and most of them have large, emerald-green eyes. The larvae are black, hairy-looking, and usually semiaquatic. This family include species called "baskettails", "emeralds", "sundragons", "shadowdragons", and "boghaunters". They are not uncommon and are found nearly worldwide, but some individual species are quite rare. Hine's emerald dragonfly, for example, is an endangered species in the United States.
Rhionaeschna is the scientific name of a genus of dragonflies from the family Aeshnidae. They are also known as blue-eyed darners.
Somatochlora, or the striped emeralds, is a genus of dragonflies in the family Corduliidae with 42 described species found across the Northern Hemisphere.
Austrocordulia leonardi is a species of dragonfly in the family Austrocorduliidae, commonly known as the Sydney hawk. It is a medium-sized black and yellow dragonfly, endemic to the Sydney Basin, New South Wales, Australia, where its natural habitat is rivers and dams.
Macromidia is a genus of dragonfly in family Synthemistidae, which is earlier treated as a subfamily of Corduliidae. According to World Odonata List, this genera is best considered incertae sedis. It contains the following species:
Somatochlora sahlbergi, the treeline emerald, is a species of dragonfly in the family Corduliidae. It is found at high latitudes across northern Eurasia and North America, and occurs farther north than any other dragonfly.
Cordulia is a genus of dragonfly in the family Corduliidae.
Archaeophya is a small genus of dragonflies belonging to the family Gomphomacromiidae. Species of Archaeophya are large dragonflies with metallic bodies, dark with yellow spots and clear wings. They only occur in eastern Australia.
The Synthemistidae are the family of dragonflies commonly known as tigertails, or sometimes called southern emeralds. This family is sometimes treated as a subfamily of Corduliidae. This is an ancient dragonfly family, with some species occurring in Australia and New Guinea. Most species are small in size and have narrow abdomens. Their nymphs are bottom dwellers, and resist droughts by burying themselves very deeply. Synthemistid dragonflies frequently prefer marshy areas, as well as fast-flowing streams. The family Synthemistidae is sometimes called Synthemidae.
The common baskettail is a dragonfly of the Corduliidae family. The thorax is brown and hairy. Some specimens have a triangular spot at the base of the hindwing. Individuals are difficult to distinguish from the other species in this genus. The caudal appendages differ between the species and can be compared with known drawings or close-up photos. Their flight season can begin as early as January and extends to August. They may also be seen October to December in north Florida.
The brilliant emerald, Somatochlora metallica, is a middle-sized species of dragonfly. It is the largest and greenest of the Somatochlora species; 50–55 millimetres (2.0–2.2 in) long.
Williamsonia is a genus of small dragonflies in the family Corduliidae. They are commonly known as boghaunters. Unlike other genera of emerald dragonflies, they have dark eyes and nonmetallic bodies.
Neurocordulia yamaskanensis, the Stygian shadowdragon, is a dragonfly found in the eastern United States and southern Canada. It was discovered in Quebec in 1875 by naturalist Léon Abel Provancher.
Pentathemis is a genus of dragonfly in the family Corduliidae. Pentathemis membranulata is the only known species of this genus, which is found in northern Australia.
Apocordulia is a genus of dragonflies in the family Austrocorduliidae, endemic to the Murray-Darling Basin in eastern Australia.
Austrophya is a genus of dragonflies in the family Austrocorduliidae, endemic to north-eastern Australia.
Somatochlora daviesi is a species of dragonfly in the family Corduliidae. It was first described in 1977 based on specimens from Meghalaya, India, and is also known from Nepal and Bhutan. It resembles the east Asian S. dido in its small size and lack of yellow markings on most of the abdomen. Like other species in the genus, S. davisi is predominantly dark metallic brown to green. The formerly recognised Somatochlora nepalensis is now considered to be a synonym of S. daviesi.
Somatochlora taiwana is a species of dragonfly in the family Corduliidae. It is endemic to Taiwan, and is the only member of the genus Somatochlora found there. It is a metallic green to black dragonfly with yellow spots, and measures about 35 mm long. It is closely related to S. shennong and S. dido, and is sometimes treated as conspecific with the latter species.
Hemicordulia hilaris is a species of Pacific dragonfly in the family Corduliidae, first described by the Dutch entomologist Maurits Lieftinck in 1975. The species is found across the Pacific Islands including Samoa and New Caledonia, with its range extending east to the Cook Islands and French Polynesia.
Dirk Cornelis Geijskes was a Dutch biologist, ethnologist and curator. He was the first director of the Surinaams Museum. As a biologist, he specialised in dragonflies. He would lead many expeditions into the interior of Suriname. In 1967, he became curator at the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie where he started the dragonfly collection. Geijskes is the author of 123 publications, and 25 species have been named after him.
References
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- 1 2 "Lauromacromia Geijskes, 1970". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ↑ Ehlert, Juliana; Pinto, Ângelo Parise (2019). "Additions to the dragonfly genus Lauromacromia, with description of the female of Lauromacromia luismoojeni and new distributional records (Odonata: Corduliidae s.l.)". International Journal of Odonatology. 23 (2): Abstract. doi:10.1080/13887890.2019.1700174.
- ↑ "Lauromacromia Geijskes, 1970". BioLib. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ↑ Martin Schorr (26 April 2011). "World Odonata List". Archived from the original on 15 May 2011. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
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