Albania is a unitary parliamentary constitutional republic,in which the president of Albania is the head of state and the prime minister of Albania is the head of government in a multi-party system. The executive power is exercised by the Government and the prime minister with its Cabinet. Legislative power is vested in the Parliament of Albania. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The political system of Albania is laid out in the 1998 constitution. The Parliament adopted the current constitution on 28 November 1998. Historically Albania has had many constitutions. Initially constituted as a monarchy in 1913,Albania became briefly a republic in 1925,and then a authoritarian monarchy in 1928. In 1939 Albania was invaded by Fascist Italian forces,imposing a puppet state,and later occupied by Nazi German forces. Following the partisan liberation from the Nazis in 1944 a provisional government was formed,which by 1946 had transformed into a communist one-party state. In March 1991 democracy was restored with multi-party elections.
The president of Albania,officially the president of the Republic of Albania,is the head of state,commander-in-chief of the military and the representative of the unity of the Albanian people.
George Andreas Papandreou is an American-born Greek politician who served as Prime Minister of Greece from 2009 to 2011. He is currently serving as an MP for Movement for Change.
Evangelos-Vasileios "Vangelis" Meimarakis is a Greek politician who served as the acting President of New Democracy and Leader of the Opposition in Greece from 5 July to 24 November 2015,competing as the challenger to Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras in the September 2015 Greek legislative election. He lost in the run-off of the New Democracy leadership election,2015–16. Since 2019,he has been a Member of the European Parliament.
Linda Reid is a Canadian politician who served as a member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) of British Columbia,representing Richmond East from 1991 to 2017,and Richmond South Centre from 2017 to 2020. A caucus member of the British Columbia Liberal Party,she served in the cabinets of premiers Gordon Campbell and Christy Clark as Minister of State for Early Childhood Development from 2001 to 2005,Minister of State for Childcare from 2005 to 2009,and Minister of Advanced Education in 2017. She was also the 37th Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 2013 to 2017.
Sofia Sakorafa is a Greek-Palestinian politician and former javelin thrower. She was a Member of the European Parliament for Greece as member of the political party MeRA25,having formerly sat for Syriza and before that served,from June 2012 to July 2014,as a Syriza Member of the Hellenic Parliament. She served as a deputy speaker in the Hellenic Parliament for the MeRA25 party. She is the president of Association hellénique d'athlétisme amateur (SEGAS).
Alexis Tsipras is a Greek politician who served as Prime Minister of Greece from 2015 to 2019.
Bujar Faik Nishani was an Albanian politician. He served as the president of Albania from 24 July 2012 to 24 July 2017.
Valentina Leskaj is an Albanian politician and political economist who was a member of the Assembly of the Republic of Albania for the Socialist Party from 2002 until 2017,when she decided to resign and leave politics.
Zoran Zaev is a Macedonian economist and politician who served as prime minister of North Macedonia from May 2017 to January 2020,and again from August 2020 to January 2022.
Georgios Katrougalos is a Greek jurist and politician who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs from February to July 2019. He is currently UN Independent Expert on the promotion of a democratic and equitable international order. He previously served as an Alternate Minister of Foreign Affairs from 5 November 2016 to 15 February 2019,as the Minister of Labour and Social Solidarity from 23 September 2015 to 5 November 2016 and from 18 July 2015 to 28 August 2015. From 27 January 2015 to 17 July 2015 he served as an Alternate Minister of Interior and Administrative Reconstruction in Tsipras's first cabinet.
İsmet Sezgin was a Turkish politician who served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey and Minister of National Defense from 1997 to 1999,as the Speaker of the Grand National Assembly in 1995,as the Minister of the Interior from 1991 to 1993,as the Minister of Finance from 1979 to 1980 and as the Minister of Youth and Sports from 1969 to 1971. Between 1999 and 2002,he served as the Leader of the Democrat Turkey Party,but did not contest any elections.
Bardish Chagger is a Canadian politician who served as a Cabinet minister from 2015 to 2021. A member of the Liberal Party,Chagger has sat in the House of Commons as the Member of Parliament for the riding of Waterloo since the 2015 federal election.
The following lists events in the year 2017 in Albania.
Olta Xhaçka is an Albanian politician and Socialist Party member of Parliament. She served as the minister of Europe and foreign affairs from January 2021 to September 2023. She served as Albanian minister of social welfare and youth between March 2017 to August 2017 and as minister of defense from September 2017 to December 2020.
The 2018–2019 student protests in Albania were a series of street protests,demonstrations and online activism events held by the students of the public universities from December 2018 until February 2019,to oppose the high tuition fees. Students across Albania rallied against the moves that were made by the Albanian government to increase the cost of university education,by introducing new fees for exams. The fee comes on top of the dramatically risen university fees,which have failed to lead to any improvement in public education.
Elisa Spiropali is an Albanian politician who is currently serving as the deputy of the Albanian parliament.
Jamaica is the first English-speaking country in the Caribbean to achieve universal adult suffrage and grant women the right to be elected to Parliament. Between 1944 and 2020,a total of 47 women have been elected as members of the House of Representatives. As of September 2020 there are 18 women in the House of Representatives,the highest ever. This is a new all-time high at 29% and is the first time that female representation in the House of Representatives stands at more than a quarter of the total membership.
Besa Shahini is a Kosovo-born Albanian politician,who served as the Minister of Education,Sports and Youth in the second cabinet of Edi Rama.
The Thirty-first Legislature of Albania,officially known as the X Pluralist Legislature of Albania,is the legislature of Albania following the 2021 general election of Members of Parliament (MPs) to the Albanian Parliament. The party of the Prime Minister Edi Rama,PS,obtained an absolute majority of 74 deputies,becoming the first party to win three consecutive terms since the fall of communism in Albania.
