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The Electorate of Hesse was abolished in 1866 when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia, while the Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine came to an end in 1918. Like most former German realms of the Holy Roman Empire the succession in Hessian lands was semi-Salic, with the nearest female kinswoman of the last male inheriting the crown upon extinction of the dynasty in the male line. The current pretender to both Hessian thrones is Donatus, Landgrave of Hesse, from the electoral line of the family, which inherited its claim to the grand duchy following the death of Prince Louis of Hesse and by Rhine in 1968. Donatus became head of the House of Hesse on the death of his father, Prince Moritz, in 2013. Landgrave Donatus is the titular Grand Duke and Elector of Hesse.
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld was annexed by Prussia in 1866. The main branch of Hesse-Philippsthal was extinguished in 1925, thus making the Barchfeld branch the only surviving one of the Hesse-Philippsthal line.
This article is about the history of Hesse.
Frederick Charles Louis Constantine, Prince and Landgrave of Hesse, was the brother-in-law of the German Emperor Wilhelm II. He was elected King of Finland on 9 October 1918, but renounced the throne on 14 December 1918. During his brief reign he was known in Finnish as Frederik Kaarle, King of Finland.
The House of Hesse is a European dynasty, directly descended from the House of Brabant. It ruled the region of Hesse, with one branch as prince-electors until 1866, and another branch as grand dukes until 1918.
Moritz Prinz und Landgraf von Hessen was the son of Prince Philip, Landgrave of Hesse, and the head of the House of Brabant and the German House of Hesse.
William I, Elector of Hesse was the eldest surviving son of Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Mary of Great Britain, the daughter of George II.
Prince Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse was the first child of Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and his second wife, Princess Eleonore of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich. He was a nephew of Empress Alexandra, wife of Emperor Nicholas II of Russia.
Louis, Prince of Hesse and by Rhine was the youngest son of Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse by his second wife, Princess Eleonore of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich.
Donatus, Prince and Landgrave of Hesse as the eldest son and successor of German aristocrat Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse, and his former wife, Princess Tatiana of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg is the head of the House of Brabant and the German House of Hesse. A great-grandson of Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, he is named in part after Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse. He is also a great-great-great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, through his paternal grandfather Philipp's mother Margaret, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria. Through his great-grandmother, Princess Margaret of Prussia, Donatus is additionally great great-grandson of Frederick III, German Emperor. His father Moritz was a third cousin of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.
Ludwig Wilhelm, Prince of Bentheim and Steinfurt was a Royal Hanoverian and Prussian Lieutenant General and the Prince of Bentheim and Steinfurt from 3 November 1866 to 28 September 1890.
Juliane of Hesse-Philippsthal, was a countess of Schaumburg-Lippe, married in 1780 to Count Philip II, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe. She served as the regent of Schaumburg-Lippe during the minority of her son from 1787 to 1799.
William of Hesse-Philippsthal was a member of the House of Hesse and Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal from 1770 until his death.
William of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld was a member of the House of Hesse and was Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld from 1721 to 1761.
Ernest Eugene Charles Augustus Bernard Paul of Hesse-Philippsthal was a member of the House of Hesse and was the last ruling Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal.
Adolph, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld was a member of the House of Hesse. He was the ruling Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld from 1777 until his death.
Alexis William Ernest Philip of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld was the last ruling Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld.
Princess Wilhelmine Louise Christine of Saxe-Meiningen was a Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen by birth and by marriage Landgravine of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld.
Landgrave Charles August Ludwig Philip of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld was a member of the House of Hesse and was the ruling Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld from 1803 to 1806 and from 1813 until his death.
Princess Maria of Hanau and Hořowitz was a German aristocrat.
William of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld, was a German prince member of the House of Hesse in the Philippsthal-Barchfeld branch and Konteradmiral of the Prussian and Imperial German Navy.