The politics of Pakistan takes place within the framework established by the constitution. The country is a federal parliamentary republic in which provincial governments enjoy a high degree of autonomy and residuary powers. Executive power is vested with the national cabinet which is headed by Prime Minister of Pakistan, who works coherently along with the bicameral parliament and the judicature. Stipulations set by the constitution provide a delicate check and balance of sharing powers between executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the government.
The Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution deals with presidential succession and disability.
The President of Pakistan, is the ceremonial head of state of Pakistan and the Commander-in-Chief of Pakistan Armed Forces. The post was created when Pakistan became a republic on 23 March 1956. Until 1956, Pakistan was a dominion within the Commonwealth of Nations with Queen Elizabeth II as the head of state and Queen of Pakistan.
The prime minister of Pakistan is the head of government of Pakistan and designated as the "Chief Executive of the Islamic Republic".
The Vice President of India, officially the Vice President of the Republic of India, is the second-highest constitutional office in India after the President. Article 63 of Indian Constitution states that "There shall be a Vice President of India." The Vice President acts as President in the absence of the president due to death, resignation, impeachment, or other situations.
Senate of Pakistan or Aiwān-e-Bālā Pākistān is the upper legislative chamber of the bicameral legislature of Pakistan, and together with the National Assembly makes up the Parliament.
The National Assembly or Aiwān-e-Zairīñ of Pākistān is the lower legislative house of the bicameral Majlis-e-Shura, which also comprises the Senate of Pakistan. The National Assembly and the Senate both convene at Parliament House in Islamabad. The National Assembly is a democratically elected body consisting of a total of 336 members, before 25th amendment they used to be 342 who are referred to as Members of the National Assembly (MNAs), of which 272 are directly elected members and 70 reserved seats for women and religious minorities. A political party must secure 137 seats to obtain and preserve a majority.
The Parliament of Pakistan is the federal and supreme legislative body of Pakistan. It is a bicameral federal legislature that consists of the Senate as the upper house and the National Assembly as the lower house. According to the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the President of Pakistan is also a component of the Parliament. The National Assembly is elected for a five-year term on the basis of adult franchise and one-man one-vote. The tenure of a Member of the National Assembly is for the duration of the house, or sooner, in case the Member dies or resigns. The tenure of the National Assembly also comes to an end if dissolved on the advice of the Prime Minister or by the president in his discretion under the Constitution.
The Speaker of the National Assembly ; informally as Speaker National Assembly, is the presiding official of the National Assembly of Pakistan– a lower house of the Parliament of Pakistan.
The Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan, is the president-chair of the Senate of Pakistan. According to the Constitution of Pakistan, the chairman is a presiding official and that Senate must choose a chairman and deputy chairman for a time interval of three years.
The Speaker of the Parliament of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is the presiding officer of the chamber. The current Speaker of the Parliament is Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena, in office since 20 August 2020. The Speaker fulfills a number of important functions in relation to the operation of the House, which is based upon the British Westminster Parliamentary system.
The Sri Lankan presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as the President of Sri Lanka upon the incapacity, resignation or death of an incumbent President.
The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly is the unicameral legislative body of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. It was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of the Pakistan. The assembly previously had 124 elected members, 99 regular seats, 22 seats reserved for women and 3 seats for Non-Muslims. After the merger of FATA with the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, the assembly seats rose from 124 to 145 by adding 16 general seats, 4 seats reserved for women and 1 for a Non-Muslim.
The Election Commission of Pakistan is an independent, autonomous, permanent and constitutionally established federal body responsible for organizing and conducting elections to the national parliament, provincial legislatures, local governments, and the office of President of Pakistan, as well as the delimitation of constituencies and preparation of electoral rolls. As per the principles outlined in the Constitution of Pakistan, the Commission makes such arrangements as needed to ensure that the election is conducted honestly, justly, fairly and in accordance with law, and that corrupt practices are guarded against. The Election Commission was formed on 23 March 1956 and has been restructured and reformed several times throughout the history of Pakistan.
The Cabinet of Pakistan is a formal body composed of senior government officials chosen and led by the Prime Minister. All cabinet members sworn in are designated Minister, and are seated at their respective ministries located in the Pakistan Secretariat.
The Constitution of 1962 was the fundamental law of Islamic Republic of Pakistan from 8 June 1962 until martial law was declared in 25 March 1969. It was abrogated on 25 March 1969 by President Yahya Khan.
The vice president of Pakistan was a political office which existed between 1971 and 1973. In practice, it was the second highest office in the country after the president of Pakistan, holding the status of the deputy head of state, and ranking first in the presidential line of succession. Established in December 1971, the post remained in effect until the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan was promulgated in August 1973, under which it was formally abolished.
The Philippine presidential line of succession defines who becomes or acts as President upon the incapacity, death, resignation, or removal from office of a sitting president or a president-elect.
The Deputy Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan is the Deputy Chair of the Senate of Pakistan. According to the Constitution of Pakistan, the Deputy Chairman is the presiding official when the chairman is unavailable. The Senate must choose a chairman and deputy chairman for a time interval of three years. Saleem Mandviwalla has served as the Deputy chairman since 12 March 2018.
Since Pakistan's independence on 14 August 1947, women have been active participants in parliamentary politics. Their representation remained low in the first and second Constituent Assemblies, however the amendments to the Constitution of Pakistan paved way for their increased participation in the parliament. Besides, the progressive laws helped improve their participation in legislative and executive positions over the years. Since 2002, women politicians have notable representation in the federal as well as provincial assemblies.
Pakistanportal 