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Diplolepis is a genus of approximately fifty species of gall-inducing wasps in the family Diplolepididae. The larvae induce galls on wild roses (Rosa), and rarely on domestic roses.
Gall wasps, also traditionally calledgallflies, are hymenopterans of the family Cynipidae in the wasp superfamily Cynipoidea. Their common name comes from the galls they induce on plants for larval development. About 1,300 species of this generally very small creature are known worldwide, with about 360 species of 36 different genera in Europe and some 800 species in North America.
The Cynipoidea are a moderate-sized hymenopteran superfamily that presently includes seven extant families and three extinct families, though others have been recognized in the past. The most familiar members of the group are phytophagous, especially as gall-formers, though the actual majority of included species are parasitoids or hyperparasitoids. They are typically glossy, dark, smooth wasps with somewhat compressed bodies and somewhat reduced wing venation. It is common for various metasomal segments to be fused in various ways, and the petiole is very short, when present.
Andricus is a genus of oak gall wasps in the family Cynipidae.
Cynipini is a tribe of gall wasps. These insects induce galls in plants of the beech and oak family, Fagaceae. They are known commonly as the oak gall wasps. It is the largest cynipid tribe, with about 936 to 1000 recognized species, most of which are associated with oaks. The tribe is mainly native to the Holarctic.
Coffeikokkos is a genus of gall wasp.
Aphelonyx kordestanica is a gall wasp species in the family Cynipidae whose life cycle involves only Palaearctic oaks, Quercus subgen. Quercus, in the section Cerris.
Aphelonyx is a genus of oak gall wasps in the family Cynipidae, comprising three known species:
Atrusca is a genus of gall wasps in the family Cynipidae. It consists of approximately 50 species, and is found in North and Central America.
Bassettia is a genus of gall wasps found in North America.
Synergini is a tribe of gall wasps in the subfamily Cynipinae.
Ufo is a genus of gall wasps in the tribe Synergini, first discovered in Japan. Its genus name Ufo comes from the common phrase "unidentified flying object", in this case applied because the researchers did not know what the wasp was when they first saw it.
Amphibolips is an American genus of gall wasps in the family Cynipidae. There are about 57 described species in the genus Amphibolips with several others still undescribed.
Disholcaspis is a genus of gall wasps in the family Cynipidae. There are more than 40 species described in the genus Disholcaspis. Some Disholcaspis species induce galls that produce honeydew, a sweet liquid that attracts yellow jackets, ants, and bees. These insects then protect the galls from parasitic wasps.
Callirhytis is a genus of gall wasps in the family Cynipidae. There are more than 90 described species in Callirhytis. Wasps in this genus primarily induce wasps on oak trees in North America.
Ceroptresini is a tribe of oak gall wasps in the family Cynipidae, and includes two genera: Ceroptres and Buffingtonella. All but one of the 22 species currently recognized are in Ceroptres. Ceroptresini, containing only Ceroptres, was first proposed as a tribe in 2015, and Buffingtonella was included the tribe in 2019 when the genus was first described. Species in this tribe are believed to be inquilines in galls induced by other gall wasps but this has not been confirmed.
Burnettweldia is a genus of oak gall wasps in the Nearctic.
Kokkocynips is an American genus of gall wasps in the family Cynipidae. There are about 8 described species in the genus Kokkocynips with several others still undescribed.
Besbicus is a genus of gall-inducing cynipid wasp found in North America. Several species now classed as Besbicus were formerly considered to be a part of the genus Cynips. Besbicus was originally described as a subgenus by Alfred Kinsey in 1929. Circa 2010, one group of entomologists noted that it was "possible that the nearctic genera Antron and Besbicus were erroneously synonymized to Cynips".
Feron is a genus of oak gall wasps in the Nearctic. It was established by Alfred Kinsey in 1937, then re-established in 2023.
References
- 1 2 "Cynipidae Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2018-05-02.
- 1 2 "Browse Cynipidae". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 2018-05-02.
- 1 2 "Cynipidae". GBIF. Retrieved 2018-05-02.
- 1 2 "Cynipidae Family Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-05-02.
- ↑ Jack Hearn; Erik Gobbo; José Luis Nieves-Aldrey; et al. (3 October 2023). "Phylogenomic analysis of protein-coding genes resolves complex gall wasp relationships". Systematic Entomology . doi:10.1111/SYEN.12611. ISSN 0307-6970. Wikidata Q123440111.
- ↑ Irene Lobato-Vila; Juli Pujade-Villar (11 October 2019). "Revision of world Ceroptresini (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) with the description of a new genus and five new species". Zootaxa . 4685 (1): 1–67. doi:10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4685.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 31719371. Wikidata Q86977888.
- ↑ Juli Pujade-Villar; Irene Lobato-Vila; Mar Ferrer-Suay (2017). "Restablecimiento del género Dros Kinsey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) como género válido para especies americanas". Entomología mexicana (in Spanish). 4: 752–758. ISSN 2448-475X. Wikidata Q110908328.
- ↑ Víctor Cuesta-Porta; George Melika; James A. Nicholls; Graham N. Stone; Juli Pujade-Villar (2022). "Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Druon Kinsey,1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), with description of five new species". Zootaxa . 5132 (1): 1–92. doi:10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5132.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334. Wikidata Q113019861.