List of Flying Tigers pilots

Last updated

Following is a complete list of American Volunteer Group (Flying Tigers) pilots. [1] [2] The AVG was operational from December 20, 1941, to July 14, 1942. The press continued to apply the Flying Tigers name to later units, but pilots of those organizations are not included.

Contents

In most air forces, a victory is defined as the destruction of an enemy aircraft in air-to-air combat, and those shown below are the "confirmed" claims as recorded in AVG records, unearthed by aviation historian Frank Olynyk. [3] The Chinese government paid the pilots a bonus of $500 for each enemy aircraft destroyed, whether in the air or on the ground.

Aces while Flying Tigers are in bold.
NameAir-to-air victoriesBonusesNotes
Adkins, Frank W.1 [4] 1 [4] After the unit was disbanded, Adkins and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5]
Armstrong, John DeanKilled on September 8, 1941 during a practice dogfight when he collided with J. Gilpin Bright. [6]
Atkinson, Peter W.Killed in a crash when the "propeller governor failed on his P-40". [7]
Bacon, Noel3 [4] 3.5 [4]
Bartelt, Percy 5 [4] [8] 7 [4]
Bartling, William 5 [4] [8] 7.27 [4]
Baugh, Marion F.
Bernsdorf, Donald R.
Bishop, Lewis Sherman 2.2 [4] or 5.2 [9] 5.2 [4] On May 17, 1942, vice squadron leader Bishop had to bail out during a bombing run when a bomb he dropped exploded prematurely and disabled his airplane. The wind took him into French Indochina, where he was captured by the Vichy French. They turned over to the Japanese, who tortured him for several months. In May 1945, he escaped from a moving train after his POW camp was evacuated. [10]
Blackburn, John Ed III2 [4] 2 [4]
Bohman, Morris P.
Bolster, Harry R.1 [4] 2 [4] After the unit was disbanded, Bolster and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5]
Bond, Charles 7 [8] [11] 8.77 [4] He was the first Flying Tiger to paint a shark's mouth on the nose of his airplane.
Boyington, Gregory "Pappy" 2 [4] 3.5 [4] Boyington claimed six victories, but that number is unsubstantiated. In any case, he would be awarded the Medal of Honor for his post-Tigers achievements.
Bright, John Gilpin3 [4] 6 [4]
Brouk, Robert R.3.5 [4] [12] 3.5 [4]
Brown, Carl K.0 [4] 0.27 [4] The last surviving pilot of the Flying Tigers, Brown passed away in 2017, three months short of his 100th birthday. [13]
Burgard, George T. 10 [4] [8] 10.79 [4]
Cavanah, Herbert R.
Christman, Allen Bert A cartoonist before the war, he personalized the noses of the P-40s of the "Panda Bear" squadron with cartoons and caricatures. His airplane was hit and he was killed while parachuting in 1942.
Cole, Thomas J.1 [4] 1 [4] Previously a Consolidated PBY Catalina pilot, Cole was killed by anti-aircraft fire on January 30, 1942, while mistakenly strafing friendly forces; [14] his plane exploded and his body was never recovered.
Conant, Edwin S.
Cook, Elmer J.
Criz, Albert
Croft, John S.
Cross, James0 [4] 0.27 [4]
Dean, John J.3 [4] 3.27 [4] After the unit was disbanded, Dean and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5]
Donovan, John Tyler1 [4] 4 [4]
Dupouy, Parker S.3.5 [4] 3.5 [4]
Farrell, John W.1 [4] 1 [4]
Fish, William H., Jr.
Foshee, Ben CrumDied on May 4, 1942, from injuries suffered in a raid on Paoshan in Yunnan Province, in China. [15]
Geselbracht, Henry M., Jr.0 [4] 1.5 [4]
Gilbert, Henry G.Gilbert, the youngest AVG pilot (age 22), was killed on December 23, 1941, the first Flying Tiger to die in combat. [16] While 15 RAF pilots attacked the escort, he and 11 other Flying Tigers went after Japanese bombers on a nighttime raid on Rangoon. He hit two bombers, but was hit by cannon fire and crashed into the jungle below. [17] [18]
Goyette, Edgar T.
Greene, Paul J.2 [4] [19] 2 [4]
Groh, Clifford G.2 [4] 2 [4] After the unit was disbanded, Groh and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China.
Gunvordahl, Ralph N.1 [4] [20] 1 [4]
Hall, Lester J.
Hammer, Maax C.Killed in a training accident, circumstances unknown. [21]
Hastey, Raymond L.1 [4] 1 [4]
Haywood, Thomas C., Jr.4 [4] or 4.5 [22] 5.08 [4]
Hedman, Robert P. 6 [4] [8] 4.83 [4] He became an "ace in a day" around Christmas Day, 1941. [23] After the unit was disbanded, Hedman and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5] He later became one of the original partners in fellow Flying Tiger Robert Prescott's Flying Tiger Line. [24]
Hennessy, John J.
Hill, David Lee "Tex" 10.25, [4] 12.25 [25] or 12.75 [8] 11.25 [4] A squadron leader, he was one of five Flying Tigers to join its successor, the United States Army Air Forces 23rd Fighter Group, where he downed an additional six Japanese airplanes.
Hodges, Fred S.1 [4] 1 [4] After the unit was disbanded, Hodges and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5]
Hoffman, Louis0 [4] 0.27 [4]
Houle, Leo J.
Howard, James H. 2.33 [4] or 6 [26] 6.33 [4] Howard was one of six squadron leaders. He later became the only pilot in the European Theater to be awarded the Medal of Honor.
Hurst, Lynn A.
Jernstedt, Kenneth A. 3 [4] 10.5 [4] He and William Reed shared credit for 15 airplanes destroyed on the ground on one mission.
Jones, Thomas A.1 [4] 4 [4] He died on May 16, 1942, when he did not pull up in time from a practice dive. [27]
Keeton, Robert B.2 [4] 2.5 [4]
Kelleher, John P.
Knapp, Donald R.
Kuykendall, Mathew or Matthew W.1 [4] [28] 1 [4]
Laughlin, C. H. 2 [4] or 5+ [29] 5.2 [4] After the unit was disbanded, Laughlin and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5]
Lawlor, Frank L. 7 [4] [8] 8.5 [4]
Layher, Robert F.0.33 [4] or 2 shared [30] 0.83 [4]
Leibolt or Liebolt, Edward J.0 [4] 0.27 [4]
Little, Robert L. 10 [4] [8] 10.55 [4] Shot down and killed on May 22, 1942, during a bombing mission.
Loane, Ernest W.After the unit was disbanded, Loane and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5] He later went to work for Robert Prescott (see below) and what eventually became the Flying Tiger Line.
McGarry, William D. 8 [8] [21] 10.29 [21] He was shot down in Thailand by Japanese anti-aircraft fire on March 24, 1942, and taken prisoner. [31] He escaped after nearly three years and lived to be 74. [31]
McGuire, Maurice G.
McMillan, George B. 4.5 [21] 4.08 [21] Vice Commander of the 3d Squadron ("Hells Angels"). He was recommissioned in the United States Army Air Forces as a major in 1943 and served as a test pilot at Eglin Army Airfield, Florida. He returned to China that same year serving as a P-38 pilot and commander of the 449th Fighter Squadron/51st Fighter Group, scoring four additional kills to become an ace. He was shot down and killed near Pingxiang, China on June 24, 1944, on his 53rd combat mission.
Mangleburg, Lacy F.
Martin, Neil G.
Merritt, Kenneth T.1 [21] 1 [21] Died when a landing aircraft crashed into a parked car in which he was sleeping on the night of January 7-8, 1942. [32] Peter Wright was splashed with hydraulic fluid and landed awkwardly, resulting in the landing gear collapsing. [33] His plane then skidded into a parked Chevrolet sedan; Wright survived, but Merritt was killed instantly. [33]
Mickelson, Einar I.1 [21] 0.27 [21] After the unit was disbanded, Mickelson and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5]
Moss, Robert C.2 [21] 4 [21] After the unit was disbanded, Moss and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5]
Mott, Charles D.0 [21] or 2 [34] 2 [21]
Neale, Robert H. 13 [8] [21] 15.55 [21] Top Flying Tigers ace and a squadron leader.
Newkirk, John 7 [8] [21] 10.5 [21] A squadron leader.
Older, Charles H. 10 [8] [21] [35] 10.08 [21] After the war, he was eventually appointed a Los Angeles Superior Court judge and presided over the Charles Manson murder trial.
Olson, Arvid E., Jr.1 [21] 1 [21] A squadron leader.
Overend, Edmund F. 5 [8] [21] 5.83 [21]
Paxton, George L.
Petach, John E., Jr.3.98 [21] 3.98 [21] On the ocean voyage to China, Petach became acquainted with Emma Jane Foster, one of the two nurses who sailed with and were members of the Flying Tigers; they married in China. [23] With the Tigers were being absorbed by the US military, Petach was set to return home when he learned that volunteers were needed to help out for two weeks. He stayed. Though Tex Hill tried to give him safe missions, he was shot down and killed. [23] Petach was the last of the AVG Flying Tigers to be killed in China, on July 10, 1942, 6 days after the group officially disbanded. [36]
Power, Robert H.
Prescott, Robert William 5.5 [8] [21] or 6 [37] 5.29 [21] He founded the Flying Tiger Line, the first scheduled cargo airline in the United States.
Probst, Albert E.
Raine, Robert James3+ [38] or 3.2 [21] 3.2 [21] After the unit was disbanded, Raine and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5]
Rector, Edward F. 4.75 [21] 6.52 [21] He was responsible for the first and the last Flying Tigers victory.
Reed, William Norman 3 [21] 10.5 [21] He and Kenneth Jernstedt shared credit for 15 airplanes destroyed on the ground on one mission. He subsequently became an ace with six victories with the US Army Air Forces.
Ricketts, Freeman I.1.2 [21] 1.2 [21]
Rosbert, Camile Joseph 6 [8] [21] 4.55 [21] After the unit was disbanded, Rosbert and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5] Like several other Flying Tigers, he was one of the original partners in Robert Prescott's Flying Tiger Line. [24]
Rossi, John Richard 6 [8] [21] or 6.25 [39] 6.29 [21]
Rushton, Edwin H.
Sandell, Robert J. 5 [8] [21] 5.27 [21] A squadron leader.
Sawyer, Charles W.2 [21] 2.27 [21]
Schiel, Frank, Jr.4 [21] 7 [21]
Shamblin, Arnold W.
Shapard, Van Jr.1 [21] 1 [21] After the unit was disbanded, Shapard and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5]
Shilling, Eriksen E.0 [21] 0.75 [21] After the unit was disbanded, Shilling and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5]
Smith, Robert H. 5 [8] [21] or 5.25 [40] 5.5 [21]
Smith, Robert T. 8.7, [41] 8.9 [21] or 9 [8] [42] 8.73 [21]
Smith, William C.
Swindle, Estes T., Jr.
Wallace, Stanley H.
Walroth, Robert H.
Watson, Eugene A.
White, Richard
Wolf, Fritz E.4 [21] [43] 2.27 [21]
Wright, Allen M.After the unit was disbanded, Wright and other Tigers pilots joined the China National Aviation Corporation, flying supplies over the Hump from India to China. [5]
Wright, Peter2.65 [21] 3.65 [21]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Curtiss P-40 Warhawk</span> American WWII fighter

The Curtiss P-40 Warhawk is an American single-engined, single-seat, all-metal fighter-bomber that first flew in 1938. The P-40 design was a modification of the previous Curtiss P-36 Hawk which reduced development time and enabled a rapid entry into production and operational service. The Warhawk was used by most Allied powers during World War II, and remained in frontline service until the end of the war. It was the third most-produced American fighter of World War II, after the North American P-51 Mustang and Republic P-47 Thunderbolt; by November 1944, when production of the P-40 ceased, 13,738 had been built, all at Curtiss-Wright Corporation's main production facilities in Buffalo, New York.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Claire Lee Chennault</span> American military aviator (1893–1958)

Claire Lee Chennault was an American military aviator best known for his leadership of the "Flying Tigers" and the Chinese Nationalist Air Force in World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flying Tigers</span> Group of American pilots who flew for the Republic of China Air Force in 1941–42

The First American Volunteer Group (AVG) of the Republic of China Air Force, nicknamed the Flying Tigers, was formed to help oppose the Japanese invasion of China. Operating in 1941–1942, it was composed of pilots from the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC), Navy (USN), and Marine Corps (USMC), and was commanded by Claire Lee Chennault. Their Curtiss P-40B Warhawk aircraft, marked with Chinese colors, flew under American control. Recruited under President Franklin Roosevelt's authority before Pearl Harbor, their mission was to bomb Japan and defend the Republic of China, but many delays meant the AVG first flew in combat after the US and Japan declared war.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fourteenth Air Force</span> Numbered air force of the United States Air Force responsible for space forces

The Fourteenth Air Force was a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Space Command (AFSPC). It was headquartered at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">American Volunteer Group</span> Volunteer air units organized by the United States government

The American Volunteer Groups were volunteer air units organized by the United States government to aid the Nationalist government of China against Japan in the Second Sino-Japanese War. The only unit to actually see combat was the 1st AVG, popularly known as the Flying Tigers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Daniel Ford</span> American novelist

Daniel Ford is an American journalist, novelist, and historian. The son of Patrick and Anne Ford, he attended public schools in New Hampshire and Massachusetts, graduating in 1950 from Brewster Academy in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire. He was educated at the University of New Hampshire, the University of Manchester, and King's College London.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Central Aircraft Manufacturing Company</span> Former Chinese aircraft manufacturer

The Central Aircraft Manufacturing Company, also known as the Loiwing Factory (雷允飛機製造廠) after they moved to Yunnan, was a Chinese aircraft manufacturer established by American entrepreneur William D. Pawley in the 1930s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tex Hill</span> United States Air Force general

David Lee "Tex" Hill was an American fighter pilot and triple flying ace. He is credited with 12+1⁄4 victories as a squadron leader with the Flying Tigers and another six as an officer in the United States Army Air Corps in World War II. He retired as a brigadier general.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Lee Scott Jr.</span> Brigadier General in the United States Air Force

Robert Lee Scott Jr. was a brigadier general in the United States Air Force and a flying ace of World War II, credited with shooting down 13 Japanese aircraft.

<i>God Is My Co-Pilot</i> (film) 1945 film by Robert Florey

God Is My Co-Pilot is a 1945 American black-and-white biographical war film from Warner Bros. Pictures, produced by Robert Buckner, directed by Robert Florey, that stars Dennis Morgan and co-stars Dane Clark and Raymond Massey. The screenplay by Abem Finkel and Peter Milne is based on the 1943 autobiography of the same name by Robert Lee Scott Jr.. It recounts Scott's service with the Flying Tigers and the United States Army Air Forces in China and Burma during World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edward F. Rector</span> American World War II flying ace

Edward Franklin Rector was a colonel in the United States Air Force, a fighter ace of World War II, and a member of the Flying Tigers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William D. Pawley</span> American businessman and ambassador

William Douglas Pawley was a U.S. ambassador and noted businessman who was associated with the Flying Tigers American Volunteer Group (AVG) during World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert T. Smith</span>

Robert Tharp (R.T.) Smith was an American World War II fighter pilot and ace, credited with 8.7, 8.9 or 9 Japanese aircraft while fighting with the American Volunteer Group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">China Air Task Force</span>

The China Air Task Force (CATF) was a combat organization of the United States Army Air Forces created in July 1942 under the command of Brig. Gen. Claire Chennault, after the Flying Tigers of the 1st American Volunteer Group of the Chinese Air Force were disbanded on 4 July of that year. It consisted of the 23rd Fighter Group with four squadrons, the assigned 74th, 75th, 76th, and attached 16th Fighter Squadrons, plus the 11th Bombardment Squadron. It was a subordinate unit of the Tenth Air Force in India, commanded by Brig. Gen. Earl Naiden and by Maj. Gen. Clayton Bissell. "Chennault had no respect for Bissell as a combat airman," wrote his biographer Martha Byrd, and "Bissell had no respect for Chennault as an administrator." Their relationship, she wrote, was ugly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Bond (pilot)</span> United States Air Force general

Charles Rankin Bond, Jr. was an American pilot and United States Air Force officer. He served with the Flying Tigers in Burma and China during World War II. He was shot down twice and was credited with shooting down 9.5 Japanese airplanes. He later served in the Soviet Union as an aide and personal pilot to W. Averell Harriman. He rose to the rank of Major General and, during the Vietnam War, he was the deputy commanding officer of the 2d Air Division in Vietnam and the 13th Air Force in the Philippines. He retired from the United States Air Force in 1968 as commander of the Twelfth Air Force. In 1984, Bond's diary of his service with the Flying Tigers was published and became a bestseller.

Robert William Prescott was an American aviator and entrepreneur. An ace with the Flying Tigers in the early part of World War II, he went on to found the Flying Tiger Line, the first scheduled cargo airline in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jack Newkirk</span> United States Navy officer

John Van Kuren "Scarsdale Jack" Newkirk was a United States naval aviator and squadron leader with the 1st American Volunteer Group (AVG), also known as the Flying Tigers, who may have led the first American offensive mission of World War II. Most of his combat experience was during the defense of Rangoon, Burma, from Japanese air attacks. After the fall of Rangoon, his unit was operating from within China when he set off on his final mission, as part of an attack on Japanese airfields in Thailand.

Robert Laing "Bob" Little was an American fighter pilot and double ace with the Flying Tigers, credited with 10, 10.5 or 10.55 victories.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">George Bray McMillan</span>

Lieutenant Colonel George Bray McMillan was a United States Army Air Forces fighter pilot, Squadron Commander, combat "ace" and member of the American Volunteer Group better known as the Flying Tigers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Norman Reed</span> American fighter pilot

William Norman Reed was a World War II fighter pilot, first with the Flying Tigers, then with the Chinese-American Composite Wing, Fourteenth Air Force, United States Army Air Forces. He is credited with nine aerial victories, making him an ace.

References

  1. ↑ "Complete Roster of the American Volunteer Group, 1941-'42 the Flying Tigers". flyingtigersavg.com. Archived from the original on January 23, 2013. Retrieved October 18, 2012.
  2. ↑ Bond, Charles R.; Terry H. Anderson (1988). A Flying Tiger's Diary. Texas A&M University Press. pp. 228–231. ISBN   0890964084 . Retrieved October 21, 2012. Appendix B. Roster of the AVG (preview only goes up to James H. Howard)
  3. ↑ Ford, Daniel (2007). Flying Tigers. HarperCollins. pp. 359–361.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 Olynyk, Frank J. AVG & USAAF (China-Burma-India Theater) Credits for Destruction of Enemy Aircraft in Air to Air Combat, World War 2. Aurora, Ohio: Privately published, 1986. Figures obtained from warbirdforum.com.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Deluce, Daniel (July 28, 1942). "29 Flying Tigers Now Pilot China Air Transports". Chicago Tribune . Associated Press – via Newspapers.com. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  6. ↑ Ford, Daniel (2007). Flying Tigers: Claire Chennault and His American Volunteers, 1941-1942. HarperCollins. p. 73. ISBN   978-0061246555 . Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  7. ↑ Samson, Jack (2005). The Flying Tiger: The True Story of General Claire Chennault and the U.S. 14th Air Force in China. Globe Pequot. p. 73. ISBN   1592287115 . Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 "American Volunteer Group Aces, World War II, 1939-1945". American Fighter Aces Association (americanfighteraces.org). Archived from the original on November 5, 2014. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  9. ↑ "Lewis Bishop". flyingtigersavg.com (official Flying Tigers site). Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  10. ↑ Thompson, Bryan. "Lewis S. Bishop - De Kalb's Flying Tiger". The Historian's Office, Town of Dekalb, New York.
  11. ↑ "Charles Bond". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  12. ↑ "Robert Brouk". flyingtigersavg.com. Archived from the original on July 22, 2010. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  13. ↑ "Death of last remaining Flying Tiger pilot stirs fond memories". China Daily . Retrieved June 5, 2019.
  14. ↑ Ford, Daniel (March 14, 2016). Tales of the Flying Tigers: Five Books About the American Volunteer Group, Mercenary Heroes of Burma and China. Daniel Ford. p. 89. Retrieved August 31, 2017.
  15. ↑ "Alumni News: Ben Crum Foshee Was "Flying Tiger"" (PDF). The Emerald of Sigma Pi. Vol. 29, no. 3. November 1942. p. 139.
  16. ↑ Whelan, Russell (March 23, 1942). "The Flying Tigers: Chapter 9". Tampa Bay Times – via Newspapers.com. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  17. ↑ "Henry George Gilbert, Jr". WSU [Washington State University] World War II Commemoration Project.
  18. ↑ "Henry Gilbert, Jr. Memorial". Historical Marker Database.
  19. ↑ "Paul Greene". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  20. ↑ Ford, Daniel (2007). Flying Tigers: Claire Chennault and His American Volunteers, 1941-1942. HarperCollins. p. 176. ISBN   978-0061246555 . Retrieved October 17, 2012.
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 Ford, Daniel (2007). Flying Tigers: Claire Chennault and His American Volunteers, 1941-1942. HarperCollins. p. 361. ISBN   978-0061246555 . Retrieved October 20, 2012. Includes aerial victories calculated by Frank J. Olynk.
  22. ↑ "Thomas Haywood". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  23. 1 2 3 Mike Barber (May 25, 2001). "Before the U.S. entered WWII, the Flying Tigers were already in the fight". Seattle Post-Intelligencer .
  24. 1 2 "Aviation: Gravy for the Flying Tigers". Time magazine. May 5, 1945.
  25. ↑ "David Lee Hill". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  26. ↑ Wolfgang Saxon (March 22, 1985). "Gen. James Howard, 81, Dies; Medal Winner in Aerial Combat". The New York Times . In 13 months of action over Burma and China, beginning in December 1941, he flew 56 missions and was credited with shooting down six Japanese planes.
  27. ↑ Samson, Jack (2011). Flying Tiger: The True Story of General Claire Chennault and the U.S. 14th Air Force in China. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 190–191. ISBN   9780762795437.
  28. ↑ "Matthew Kuykendall". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  29. ↑ "C. H. Link Laughlin". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  30. ↑ "Robert Layher". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  31. 1 2 Myrna Oliver (April 13, 1990). "William McGarry, 74, of World War II Flying Tigers Fame". Los Angeles Times .
  32. ↑ Clements, Terrill J (January 20, 2013). American Volunteer Group 'Flying Tigers' Aces. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 165. ISBN   9781472800596 . Retrieved April 23, 2017.
  33. 1 2 Eisel, Braxton (2009). The Flying Tigers: Chennault's American Volunteer Group in China. p. 26. ISBN   978-0-16-081729-8.
  34. ↑ "Charles Mott". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  35. ↑ "Charles Older". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  36. ↑ "Johnnie Petach Jr Bio". 29 August 2015.
  37. ↑ "Robert Prescott". flyingtigersavg.com. Archived from the original on April 7, 2012. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  38. ↑ "Robert Raine". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  39. ↑ "J. Richard Rossi". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  40. ↑ "Robert H. Smith". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  41. ↑ "Robert T. Smith". flyingtigersavg.com. Archived from the original on January 3, 2012. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
  42. ↑ Brett A. Collins (August 24, 1995). "Obituaries : * Robert T. Smith; Author, Flying Tigers Ace". Los Angeles Times .
  43. ↑ "Fritz Wolf". flyingtigersavg.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.