List of Lithuanian-language periodicals (up to 1904)

Last updated

This list of Lithuanian-language periodicals includes periodical publications (newspapers, magazines) that were published up to 1904 when the Lithuanian press ban was lifted in Lithuania Proper (then part of the Russian Empire). The periodicals were printed mostly in Lithuania Minor (then part of East Prussia, German Empire) and by the Lithuanian Americans in the United States. Some publications published in Prussia were intended for Prussian Lithuanians, the local Lithuanian-speaking minority. Others were intended for Lithuanians in Russia and were smuggled by Lithuanian book smugglers across the Prussia–Russia border.

Contents

Publications

The list is sorted in chronological order. The periodicals that lasted for five years or longer are highlighted with darker background. The publication dates, where known and available, are given in the ISO date format YYYY-MM-DD.

#Title (modern spelling)Translated titlePublished inCountryFromToShort description
1 Nusidavimai Dievo karalystėje News in the Kingdom of God Königsberg (Kaliningrad)German Empire18231824/1825A translation of German Königsberger Missionsblatt edited by Hermann Olshausen and published by the Evangelical Missionary Society of Königsberg. It reported on Evangelical missions to Asia and Africa. [1]
2 Nusidavimai apie evangelijos prasiplatinimą tarp žydų ir pagonių Stories about the Propagation of the Gospel among the Jews and the Pagans Königsberg (Kaliningrad)German Empire18321914Revival of Nusidavimai Dievo karalystėje. It mainly published translated texts from Königsberger Missionsblatt. [2]
3 Lietuvininkų prietelis The Friend of LithuaniansMemel (Klaipėda)German Empire1849-04-051849-12-28A Protestant weekly published and edited by priest Rudolf Andreas Zippel. [3] In total, 38 issues were published (circulation 200 copies). They were four pages in length and mostly covered European news. [4]
4 Keleivis Traveler Königsberg (Kaliningrad)German Empire1849-07-021880-02A weekly newspaper edited by the linguist Friedrich Kurschat and sponsored by the German government. Kurschat sold the newspaper to Adomas Einoras who established Naujasis keleivis which was later replaced by Tilžės keleivis. [5]
5Lietuviškas prielaiškasThe Lithuanian SupplementTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire1850-011850-03Published by teacher Mauras Pucas as a supplement to the German liberal newspapers Dorfzeitung für Preußen and Die Freie Gemeinde. The publication ceased after seven issues when the German police confiscated the last issue. Pucas was forced to emigrate to the United States. [6] [7]
6Šilokarčiamos apsakymasReport of ŠilokarčiamaHeydekrug (Šilutė)German Empire1861-04-121862-03-31A bilingual German–Lithuanian weekly (German : Heydekruger Anzeiger) until issue 31 when it became only a German newspaper. [8]
7Lietuviškas laiškasLithuanian LetterInsterburg (Chernyakhovsk)German Empire18621862A newspaper published by German democrats (editor F. Hagen) and aimed against the conservative Keleivis . Mykolas Biržiška believed that it was not a separate publication, but a different name of Lietuvininkų paslas. [9]
8Lietuvininkų paslas savo broliams šviežiausių naujienų pranešąsThe Lithuanian Envoy Bringing the Freshest News to His BrothersHeydekrug (Šilutė)German Empire1863-021864A weekly newspaper established by the German Progress Party in connection with the elections to the Landtag of Prussia. It was edited by Friedrich Wilhelm Siebert. In total, 97 or 98 issues were printed. [10] [4]
9Žinia apie lenkų vainą su maskoliaisNews About the Polish War with the MuscovitesInsterburg? (Chernyakhovsk)German Empire1864-02-011864-03-01A bilingual Polish–Lithuanian newsletter of the rebels during the Uprising of 1863 (Polish : Wiadomości o naszej wojnie z Moskalami). Only two issues were published. The Lithuanian text was edited by Mikalojus Akelaitis. [11]
10Pasiuntinystės laiškelis arba bitelė ant pasiuntinystės laukoLetter of the Mission or A Little Bee in the Missionary FieldMemel (Klaipėda)German Empire18751906An irregular publication (frequency varied from twice a month to once a year) by the Lutherans. It was established by Johann Ferdinand Kelch and edited by Mikelis Kybelka (1877–1906). It was replaced by Pasiuntinystės knygelės in October 1907. [12] [13]
11 Kalvis melagis Blacksmith the Liar St. Petersburg Russian Empire1875-12-011876-03-01A secret handwritten newspaper of Lithuanian students launched by Petras Vileišis. In total, about 10 issues were published. [14] [15]
12 Lietuviška ceitunga The Lithuanian NewspaperMemel (Klaipėda)German Empire18771940A pro-German newspaper established by Martynas Šernius (Martin Szernus), who was its editor until 1905, and Heinrich Holz. The newspaper was published once a week, then bi-weekly (1900–1913), three times a week (1913–1932), and daily (1932–1940). [16] [17] In 1896–1900, it published 38 issues of supplement Laukininko pretelius. [18] This supplement was replaced by ten issues of Lietuvos ūkininkas (The Farmer of Lithuania). [19]
13Ligonių prieteliusThe Friend of the IllGerman Empire18791897An annual medical publication first edited by Eduardas Gizevijus and later by members of the Lithuanian Literary Society. [20]
14Gazieta lietuviškaThe Lithuanian Newspaper New York, NY United States1879-08-161880-01The first Lithuanian newspaper in the United States was established by Mykolas Tvarauskas  [ lt ]. It was a Catholic newspaper that supported the traditions of the historical union between Poland and Lithuania. Between 12 and 16 issues were published. [21] It had 132 subscribers. In 1891, Tvarauskas attempted to reestablish the newspaper as New Yorko gazieta lietuviška. [22]
15Tiesos prieteliusThe Friend of TruthPrökuls (Priekulė)German Empire1879/18801882A Lutheran weekly newspaper edited and published by Jurgis Traušys. It published supplements Lekiantieji laiškai rytprūsiškos konservatyvų draugystės (1 February 1881 to 21 February 1882) and Pasiuntinystės nusidavimai. It was replaced by Konservatyvų draugystės laiškas. [23] [24]
16Konzervatyvų draugystės laiškasThe Letter of the Conservative SocietyPrökuls (Priekulė)German Empire18801918Original spelling of the title: Konzerwatywu draugystēs laiszkas. It was published by the Lithuanian Conservative Election Societies weekly and from 1898 twice a week. In 1886–1918, it published a supplement Keleivis. [25]
17Naujasis keleivisThe New TravelerMemel (Klaipėda)German Empire1880-03-281883-03-30Established by Adomas Einoras, the weekly newspaper replaced Keleivis . It was replaced by Tilžės keleivis. [26] The newspaper published 18 issues of supplement Gaspadorystės laiškas (The Farming Letter) in 1882. [27]
18Pakajaus paslasEnvoy of PeaceMemel (Klaipėda)German Empire18811939A bilingual German–Lithuanian publication by the Lutherans published in Memel (Klaipėda), Friedland (Pravdinsk), and Heydekrug (Šilutė). [28]
19LietuvaLithuania Kaunas Russian Empire18831883A handwritten newsletter edited by Adomas Jakštas while he was a student at the Kaunas Priest Seminary. In total, four issues appeared before it was forbidden by Antanas Baranauskas, rector of the seminary. [29]
20 Aušra DawnRagnit (Neman)German Empire18831886The first monthly Lithuanian periodical aimed at the Lithuanians under the Russian rule. It was a key development in the Lithuanian National Revival. The first five issues were printed in Ragnit, others in Tilsit. In total, 40 issues were published in 29 physical booklets (two or three volumes were often combined into a single booklet). [30]
21Tilžės keleivisThe Traveler of TilsitTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire18831924A newspaper that replaced Naujasis keleivis. It was edited by Jurgis Arnašius (1893–1897, 1899–1924). [31] In 1898–1911, it published a weekly supplement Keleivio draugas (The Friend of the Traveler). [32]
22Žinių nešėjasCarrier of News St. Petersburg Russian Empire18841885A secret hectographed newsletter published by Lithuanian students Jonas Beržanskis  [ lt ], Rokas Šliūpas, Povilas Matulionis  [ lt ], Juozas Skrupskelis. In total, about 10 issues were published. [33] [34] [35]
23Lietuviškas politiškas laikraštisLithuanian Political NewspaperRagnit (Neman)German Empire1884-011886-12A liberal political newspaper first published in Ragnit and later in Königsberg by Kristupas Kibelka. At the end of 1885, it was renamed to Žiūronas (Binoculars). In total, 140 issues were published. [36]
24Niamuno sargasGuardian of the Neman Ragnit (Neman)German Empire1884-09-261887-06-30A weekly publication first published in Ragnit and then in Tilsit. It was printed in the Gothic script and published by Jurgis Mikšas, Julius Siebert, Ernestas Vejeris (Ernst Weyer). In total, 39 issues were published. [37] [38]
25UnijaUnion New York, NY United States1884-10-261885-04-25A newspaper established by Mykolas Tvarauskas and Jonas Šliūpas. Its name referenced the historical union between Poland and Lithuania. In total, 33 issues were published. [39]
26 Lietuviškasis balsas The Lithuanian Voice New York, NY United States1885-07-021889-02A newspaper published by Jonas Šliūpas in New York and Shenandoah, Pennsylvania. In total, 96 issues were published. [40]
27GarsasThe SoundTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire18861887A patriotic monthly newspaper that was supposed to replace the discontinued Aušra . It was published by Martynas Jankus. In total, 11 issues appeared. [41]
28 Vienybė lietuvninkų The Unity of Lithuanians Plymouth, PA United States18861920A weekly newspaper first published in Plymouth and later in New York. Its editors and political orientation changed frequently, from conservative Catholicism to socialism. It was replaced by Vienybė published until 1985. [42] [43]
29 ŽelmuoThe Shoot Chicago, IL United States18871887A liberal newspaper published by Jonas Grinius. Only four issues appeared. [44]
30LiuteronasThe LutheranTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire18871888A religious newspaper published twice a week. [45]
31 Šviesa The LightTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire1887-081890-08A Catholic monthly newspaper. [46]
32SaulėThe Sun Mahanoy City, PA United States18881959A conservative weekly and later twice-weekly. It became a monthly in 1904. It was similar to a tabloid and used archaic language, spelling, and orthography. It published entertainment supplements Linksmi vakarai (The Fun Evenings; 1889–1890) and Linksma valanda (The Fun Hour, 1899–1910). [47] [48]
33 Žemaičių ir Lietuvos apžvalga Review of Samogitia and LithuaniaTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire1889-101896A fiercely pro-Catholic and anti-Russian newspaper published every two weeks and later monthly. In total, 154 issues appeared. [49]
34 Varpas The BellTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire1889-12-101905A monthly newspaper of politics, literature, science first published in Tilsit and later in Ragnit. It was the major periodical of the Lithuanian National Revival. [50] [51]
35Naujos žiniosThe New NewsRagnit (Neman)German Empire1889-12-111890-03-26A weekly newspaper published by Kristupas Voska in connection with an election campaign by the Lithuanian Conservative Election Societies. In total, 15 issues were published. [52]
36Kentėjimo gromataThe Letter of Suffering Neuruppin German Empire18901890A small religious publication. [53]
37Knapt Sejny Congress Poland18901891A secret handwritten newsletter published by Lithuanian clerics at the Sejny Priest Seminary. It was later renamed to Visko po biški (A Little of Everything) and Viltis (The Hope). It was organized and edited by Pranciškus Būčys. [54]
38 Ūkininkas The FarmerRagnit (Neman)German Empire18901905A monthly newspaper geared towards farmers published by the editorial staff of Varpas in Ragnit and later Tilsit. [55]
39Nauja lietuviška ceitungaThe New Lithuanian NewspaperTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire1890-11-291923It was published twice a week (until 1910) and later three times a week. It was edited by Mikelis Kiošis. In 1896–1922, it published a weekly supplement Kaimynas (The Neighbor). [56]
40Alyvų lapai iš žemės amžino pakajausThe Olive Branch from the Eternal Peace of the WorldPrökuls (Priekulė)German Empire18911893A religious weekly that was briefly resurrected in 1926. [57]
41TetutėAuntieTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire18911893The first satirical newspaper in Lithuanian. It was published and edited by Martynas Jankus in Tilsit and Bittehnen. It appeared irregularly. In total, 13 issues were published. [58]
42New Yorko gazeta lietuviškaLithuanian Newspaper of New York New York, NY United States1891-10-311892-05-07It was a weekly newspaper edited by Mykolas Tvarauskas. In total, 25 issues were published. [59]
43ApšvietaEnlightenmentTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire18921893A monthly magazine of culture and literature published by the Lithuanian Scientific Society and edited by Jonas Šliūpas. In total, 15 issues were published. [60]
44Nauja aušraThe New DawnTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire1892-041892-04A single issue was edited by Martynas Jankus. It was an attempt to revive Aušra . [61] [62]
45GarsasThe Sound Shenandoah, PA United States1892-10-131894-08-31A liberal newspaper published by Tomas Astramskas  [ lt ]. About 100 issues appeared. Due to financial difficulties, it was sold to a group of Lithuanian priests who established Garsas Amerikos lietuvių. [63]
46LietuvaLithuania Chicago, IL United States1892-12-061920-05-08It was a weekly (daily in 1918–1920) liberal-democratic newspaper. [64] It was published by Antanas Olšauskas (1893–1917) and edited by Juozas Adomaitis-Šernas (1895–1917) and Bronius Kazys Balutis (1917–1919). [4]
47PalemonasPalemon Nemunėlio Radviliškis Russian Empire18931893A small hectographed newsletter published by a group of Lithuanian book smugglers and edited by cleric Julijonas Paliukas. In total, three issues were published. [65]
48Lietuviškas darbininkasThe Lithuanian WorkerBittehnen (Bitėnai)German Empire18941894A liberal newspaper published every two weeks by Martynas Jankus. In total, 12 issues were published (circulation 500 copies). [66]
49Ūkininkų prietelisThe Friend of FarmersBittehnen (Bitėnai)German Empire18941894A weekly newspaper published by Martynas Jankus and edited by E. Misupovičius (Misupowiczias). [67]
50ValtisThe Boat Plymouth, PA United States18941895A Catholic weekly published and edited by Aleksandras Burba  [ lt ]. [68]
51Nauja gadynėThe New Era Mount Carmel, PA United States1894-01-231896-06-02Established by Jonas Šliūpas, it was a newspaper of the freethinkers. Initially published in Mount Carmel, it later moved to Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, and Scranton, Pennsylvania, and was taken over by the Lithuanian Scientific Society. In total, 89 issues were published. [69]
52Garsas Amerikos lietuviųThe Sound of Lithuanian Americans Shenandoah, PA United States1894-10-021899-08-03A Catholic newspaper established after a group of Lithuanian priests purchased Garsas. [70] Established in Shenandoah, it was later published in Minersville (1898) and Elizabeth (1898–1899). Its editors included Antanas Milukas. In total, about 190 issues appeared. [71] In 1897–1898, the newspaper published 11 issues of supplement Lietuviškas kningynas (The Lithuanian Library) which encouraged the establishment of Lithuanian libraries and bookstores. [17] At the same time, it also published supplement Pasaulė (The World) which republished material from newspapers. [72]
53PerkūnasThe Thunder Shenandoah, PA United States18951895A satirical and humorous newspaper published by Antanas Astramskas. [73]
54Bostono lietuviškas laikraštisThe Lithuanian Newspaper of Boston Boston, MA United States1895-11-011895-12-27A newspaper edited and mainly written by priest Juozapas Žebrys who purchased it, moved it to Waterbury, Connecticut, and established weekly Rytas. [74] In total, seven issues were published. [75]
55SiberijaThe Siberia Brooklyn, NY United States18961896A weekly newspaper published by Mykolas Tvarauskas. [76]
56KardasThe Sword Baltimore, MD United States18961898A weekly published by Lithuanian freethinkers. In total, 131 issues appeared. In 1898, it published a monthly supplement Galybė (The Might). [77]
57 Tėvynės sargas The Guardian of the HomelandTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire18961904A catholic monthly newspaper edited by Juozas Tumas-Vaižgantas and Antanas Milukas. [78]
58TėvynėThe Homeland Plymouth, PA United States1896presentA newspaper published in Plymouth, PA (1896–1899, monthly), Pittston, Pennsylvania (1900–1901, weekly), South Boston (1908), New York (1908–2001), Chicago (since 2006). It was not published in 1902–1907 and 2001–2006. It is published by the Lithuanian Alliance of America (Lithuanian: Susivienijimas lietuvių Amerikoje or SLA). [79] [80]
59RytasThe Morning Waterbury, CT United States1896-02-171898-11-23A weekly newspaper established by priest Juozas Žebrys. When he left the parish, Petras Saurusaitis took over Rytas but quickly discontinued it and replaced it with Bažnyčios tarnas. In total, 46 issues were published. [81]
60Lietuvos paslasThe Lithuanian EnvoyTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire1896-04-011898-12-31A weekly newspaper published and edited by the linguist Friedrich Kurschat. from October 1897, it was published every two weeks. [82]
61Lietuvos darbininkasThe Worker of Lithuania Zürich Switzerland1896-05-011899The first periodical of the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania. It was published in Lithuanian and Polish (Robotnik litewski). Three issues were published: first in Zürich, second in Tilsit, and third in Bittehnen. [83]
62Pensilvanijos darbininkasThe Worker of Pennsylvania Shenandoah, PA United States1896-081898A socialist weekly newspaper known as Darbininkas (The Worker) from 1897. It was published and edited by Robertas Kuncmanas and Antanas Lalis. [84]
63AušraThe DawnTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire1896-10-221899First published as the weekly Lietuviškasis laiškas (The Lithuanian Letter), it was renamed to Aušra published every two weeks in 1897. It was published and edited by Enzys Jagomastas  [ lt ]. In total, 255 or 258 issues appeared. [85] [86] In 1889–1890, it published 25 issues of the supplement Namų prietelis (The Friend of the Home) which printed many literary works of Lithuanian writers. [87]
64Amerikos lietuvisThe Lithuanian American Chicago, IL United States18971897A weekly socialist newspaper that was edited by Jonas Grinius and Juozas Laukis. Only three issues were published. [88]
65Baltasis erelisThe White EagleGipkeliaiRussian Empire18971912A newspaper written and published by book smuggler Jurgis Bielinis. In total, three issues were published in 1897, 1911, and 1912. In 1897, Bielinis obtained a hand-powered printing press and published the only Lithuanian newspaper printed inside the Russian Empire. [89]
66Vardas katalikoThe Name of a CatholicLapšiaiRussian Empire1897-101900A handwritten newsletter for the youth published by Petras Tumasonis. [90]
67Skyrimo ceitunga Klaipėdos bei Šilokarčiamos kreizamsNewspaper for the Klaipėda and Šilokarčiama DistrictsMemel (Klaipėda)German Empire18981898Three issues of an electoral publication by the German progressive parties. [91]
68 Dirva The Soil Shenandoah, PA United States18981906A quarterly cultural magazine edited by Antanas Milukas. In Lithuania, it was merged with Žinyčia , but continued to be printed as Dirva in the United States. [92] In total, 44 issues were published. [93]
69Nauja draugijaThe New Society Baltimore, MD United States1898-10-191899-05-19It supported socialist, anarchist, and freethought ideas. It lasted for 19 issues. [94]
70Bažnyčios tarnasThe Servant of the Church Waterbury, CT United States1898-121904A newspaper published by priest Petras Saurusaitis instead of Rytas. It was a Catholic newspaper advocating teetotalism. Initially named Tarnas bažnyčios, it was renamed Bažnyčios tarnas in 1899 and published weekly. In 1901, it became a monthly. [95]
71Aidas Lietuvos darbininkų gyvenimoThe Echo of the Lives of Lithuanian WorkersBittehnen (Bitėnai)German Empire18991899Publication by the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania. The first issue was translated from Polish by Kazys Grinius. Only two issues appeared. [96]
72ViltisThe Hope Shenandoah, PA United States18991901A liberal workers' newspaper edited by Antanas Kaupas, Tomas Astramskas, Jonas Montvila, Vincas Šlekys (Stagaras). [97]
73KatalikasThe Catholic Chicago, IL United States1899-011917-04A Catholic weekly (a daily in 1914–1916). It was edited by Petras Tumasonis-Brandukas in 1903–1910. Its editorial office published about a hundred Lithuanian books and musical works. [98] [99]
74VaidelytėVaidilutė Glasgow United Kingdom1899-08-251899-11-17A Catholic newspaper published every two weeks by Jonas Montvila ir Vincas Varnagiris. [100]
75ŽiburysThe Beacon Saint Petersburg Russian Empire19001900A secret hectographed newsletter published by Kazimieras Būga and Povilas Paškonis. In total, two issues appeared. [101]
76 Žinyčia The Treasury of KnowledgeTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire19001904A cultural magazine established by Juozas Tumas-Vaižgantas. After five issues, it was merged with Dirva published in the United States. Eight issues of the merged magazine Dirva-Žinynas were published. [102] [93]
77SaulėtakaThe SunsetBittehnen (Bitėnai)German Empire1900-01-011902-01-15A monthly literary and political magazine published by Martynas Jankus. In total, 18 issues were printed. [103]
78KūrėjasThe Creator Chicago, IL United States1900-02-071900-06-14A weekly that supported freethought and anarchist ideas. About 20 issues were published by Domininkas Keliauninkas (pen name Juozas Laukis). [104]
79Lietuvos sargasThe Guardian of Lithuania London United Kingdom1900-07-081900A pro-Russian newspaper published by Kazimieras Pilėnas in competition with priest Boleslovas Šlamas. Only one or two issues were published. [105]
80AteitisThe Future Pittsburgh, PA United States1900-091901-05A socialist and freethought newspaper edited by Domininkas Keliauninkas (J. Laukis) and Antanas Lalis. [106]
81Šv. Kazimiero pasiuntinysThe Envoy of Saint Casimir Pittsburgh, PA United States19011901A monthly Catholic newspaper. [107]
82 Darbininkų balsas The Voice of WorkersTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire19011906A newspaper of the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania published in Tilsit and later Bittehnen. Edited by Augustinas Janulaitis, it was published every two months and monthly in 1905. In total, 36 issues appeared. [108]
83GriausmasThunder Philadelphia, PA United States19011907It was edited by J. G. Baronas and published with interruptions. [109]
84AtaskaitaThe ReportUnited States19011910An official publication of the Lithuanian Alliance of America  [ lt ]. In total, 32 issues were published. [110]
85ŽvaigždėThe Star New York, NY United States19011944A Catholic newspaper published in New York (1901–1903), Shenandoah, Pennsylvania (1904–1909), and Philadelphia (1909–1944). It was published weekly (until 1923), monthly (1923–1926), and later quarterly. It was edited and published by Antanas Milukas (1903–1942) and Julė Pranaitytė (1943–1944). [111]
86 Naujienos The NewsTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire1901-011903-12A liberal monthly newspaper published by the editorial staff of Varpas. [112]
87LietuvisThe Lithuanian Philadelphia, PA United States1901-031901-09A liberal weekly newspaper edited by Vincas Daukšys. In total, 25 issues were published. [113]
88DarbininkasThe Worker Chicago, IL United States19021903A socialist magazine edited by Domininkas Keliauninkas and Antanas Lalis. Only two issues appeared. [114]
89Biuletenis mielaširdystės darbo gelbėti dūšias apleistas čyščiujeA Bulletin of the Compassionate Work to Save Souls Abandoned in Misery La Chapelle-Montligeon France19031903A bulletin translated by Julija Pranaitytė. [115]
90Smarkininko krykštavimasCheers of a HotheadTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire19031903A small newspaper devoted to an anti-alcohol campaign. [116]
91Iš gyvaties versmėsFrom the Fountain of LifeTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire19031904A religious publication. In total, 11 issues were published. [117] [118]
92KryžiusThe CrossTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire19031904A Catholic monthly newspaper edited by priest J. Jasienskis. [119]
93Juonuomenės draugasThe Friend of the Youth Sejny Congress Poland19031908A secret handwritten newsletter published by Lithuanian clerics at the Sejny Priest Seminary. [120]
94Darbininkų viltisThe Hope of Workers Shenandoah, PA United States19031925A liberal newspaper published by Vincas Šlekys, Jurgis Gegužis, and others. [121]
95Pasiuntinybės laiškasLetter of the MissionTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire1903-101910-03A newspaper of Lithuanian baptists printed by Martynas Jankus and edited by Dovas Kalvaitis. [122] In total, 40 issues were published. [13]
96Aušros žvaigždės spinduliaiThe Rays of the Dawn StarMemel (Klaipėda)German Empire1903-12-051904-12-24A serialized publication of sermons by priest Jonas Pipiras. [123]
97SpindulysThe Ray Brooklyn, NY United States19041907A liberal weekly edited by Vincas Karalius. [124]
98Pasiuntinybės prietelisFriend of the MissionTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire19041908A quarterly publication of the Lutherans. Its circulation reached 5,000 copies. [125]
99PagalbaHelpTilsit (Sovetsk)German Empire19041939A monthly newspaper published by the Lutherans. After the Klaipėda Revolt in 1923, it was published in the Klaipėda Region. Its editors included Vilius Gaigalaitis (Wilhelm Gaigalat) and Martynas Purvinas. [126] [127]
100DraugasThe FriendBittehnen (Bitėnai)German Empire1904-041906A socialist publication edited by Vincas Kapsukas and published in Bittehnen and Tilsit. After four issues, it was replaced by Darbininkas (The Worker) of which nine issues appeared. [128]
101 Lietuvių laikraštis Newspaper of Lithuanians Saint Petersburg Russian Empire1904-12-011906-01-19The first legal Lithuanian periodical in the Russian Empire after the Lithuanian press ban was lifted in April 1904. [129]
102 Vilniaus žinios The News of Vilnius Vilnius Russian Empire1904-12-101909-03-04The first legal Lithuanian daily in the Russian Empire after the Lithuanian press ban was lifted in April 1904. [130]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saliamonas Banaitis</span>

Saliamonas Banaitis was a Lithuanian printer, politician, and businessman. He was one of the twenty signatories of the Act of Independence of Lithuania in 1918.

The Lietuwißka Ceitunga was an influential Lithuanian-language newspaper published for Prussian Lithuanians, an ethnic minority of East Prussia, a province of the German Empire. It was established in 1877 by Martynas Šernius and Heinrich Holz in Klaipėda (Memel) and continued to be published until September 30, 1940.

The Lithuanian Conservative Election Societies were several loosely connected political societies of Prussian Lithuanians active from 1890 to the German Revolution of 1918–19. They sought to elect Prussian Lithuanians to the German Reichstag and Prussian Landtag and to defend the use of the Lithuanian language. The societies managed to get two representatives to the Reichstag and two to the Landtag. It is sometimes described as the first Lithuanian political party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Birutė Society</span>

The Birutė Society was the first cultural non-religious society of Prussian Lithuanians. Established in 1885 in Tilsit, East Prussia, the society was intermittently active until the outbreak of World War I. The society sought to preserve Lithuanian language and culture and protect them form Germanization. While it discussed linguistic and cultural subjects, the society never raised issues of social inequality or protested against the political regime of Kaiser Wilhelm II. The society prompted the division of Prussian Lithuanians into two main groups: religious conservative versus secular liberals. Birutė is best remembered for organizing festivals and celebrations that featured Lithuanian-language performances of various folk and patriotic songs as well as amateur theater performances, including the first Lithuanian-language theater performance in 1895.

Tėvynės sargas was a Lithuanian-language periodical first established in 1896 in Tilsit, East Prussia during the Lithuanian press ban and the Lithuanian National Revival. It was published by the clergy and later by the Christian Democrats, thus it reflected and advocated for Roman Catholic ideals and values. Its motto was "All for Lithuania, Lithuania for Christ". With interruptions, it was published until 2000.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Society of Saint Casimir</span>

The Society of Saint Casimir was a Lithuanian society that published Lithuanian-language books and periodicals, many on Roman Catholic church and faith. Established in 1905, right after the Lithuanian press ban was lifted, the society published a total of about 740 books and several periodicals, including the first full Roman Catholic Bible translation into Lithuanian in six volumes in 1911–1937. From 1918 it operated its own printing press Šviesa. The society was liquidated after Lithuania was occupied by the Soviet Union in June 1940.

Žinyčia was the first Lithuanian-language cultural magazine targeting Lithuania proper. Established in 1900 by priest Juozas Tumas-Vaižgantas, it targeted members of the Catholic intelligentsia. Due to the Lithuanian press ban, it had to be printed in Tilsit, East Prussia and smuggled into Lithuania. The circulation was 500 copies. Due to its limited audience, the magazine could not financially support itself and after five issues was merged with Dirva, published in United States.

Antanas Milukas was a Lithuanian Roman Catholic priest, book publisher, and newspaper editor working among the Lithuanian Americans.

<i>Vienybė lietuvninkų</i> Lithuanian-language weekly newspaper

Vienybė lietuvninkų was a Lithuanian-language weekly newspapers published in the United States from February 1886 to January 1921. Established by two Lithuanian American businessmen in Plymouth, Pennsylvania, the newspaper changed its editors and political orientation frequently. Initially, it was a conservative pro-Catholic newspaper that supported unity among Polish and Lithuanian immigrants in the historic tradition of the old Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was a response to anti-clergy and anti-Polish Lietuwiszkasis Balsas published by Jonas Šliūpas in New York. Under the influence of priest Aleksandras Burba, the newspaper dropped its support of the Polish–Lithuanian union in favor of the Lithuanian National Revival and Lithuanian nationalism. Around 1896, the newspaper started shifting away from Catholicism towards liberalism and socialism. Attacked by the clergy as a "godless" publication, the newspaper suffered financial difficulties but the popularity of socialist ideas surged in the aftermath of the Lattimer massacre of mine workers in September 1897 and during the Russian Revolution of 1905. After the failure of the revolution, the socialist moods subsided and Vienybė lietuvninkų returned to Lithuanian nationalism. The newspaper relocated to Brooklyn, New York, in May 1907. It represented nationalism, or the third middle road between two main political camps – conservative clergy and liberal socialists. It continued to be published until January 1921 when it was reorganized into Vienybė, which continued to be published until 1985.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Józef Zawadzki printing shop</span>

The Józef Zawadzki printing shop was a family-owned printing shop operating in Vilnius from 1805 to 1939. It was established by Józef Zawadzki who took over the failing printing press of Vilnius University established in 1575. It was one of the largest and most prominent printing presses in Vilnius. Until 1828, it had the exclusive rights to publish university publications. It published numerous books and periodicals in Polish, Latin, Lithuanian. It suffered difficulties due to Russification policies that closed Vilnius University in 1832 and banned Lithuanian press in 1864, but recovered after the restrictions were lifted due to the Russian Revolution of 1905. After World War I, it had difficulty competing with the larger printing presses in Poland. The press was sold to a Lithuanian company Spindulys in 1939 and nationalized by the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940. After World War II, the press was transferred to the communist daily Tiesa.

<i>Žemaičių ir Lietuvos apžvalga</i> Lithuanian-language Catholic newspaper

Žemaičių ir Lietuvos apžvalga, often abbreviated as Apžvalga, was a Lithuanian-language Catholic newspaper published in Tilsit, East Prussia, in 1889–1896. At the time, Lithuanian press was banned and the newspaper had to be smuggled across the Prussia–Russia border. It promoted and supported the Lithuanian National Revival, but above all defended the Catholic faith. While it was fiercely anti-Tsarist publication when it came to religious and cultural topics, it was a socially conservative publication. It was replaced by a relatively more liberal Tėvynės sargas established in 1896.

<i>Nusidavimai apie evangelijos prasiplatinimą tarp žydų ir pagonių</i>

Nusidavimai apie evangelijos prasiplatinimą tarp žydų ir pagonių was the second Lithuanian-language periodical. It was published from 1832 to August 1914 in Königsberg, East Prussia, by the Evangelical Missionary Society of Königsberg and mainly reported on Evangelical missions in Asia, Africa, South America. It was discontinued due to the outbreak of World War I.

Valstiečių laikraštis is a Lithuanian-language newspaper targeting farmers. It mainly publishes articles related to agricultural policies, best farming practices and methods, and other issues of Lithuanian farmers. Established in 1940, it was an official publication of the Communist Party of Lithuania. In 1951–1989, it was published three times a week. Prior to 1951 and after 1989, it is published twice a week on Wednesdays and Saturdays.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jonas Kriaučiūnas</span> Lithuanian activist, publisher and editor

Jonas Kriaučiūnas was a Lithuanian activist during the Lithuanian National Revival mostly noted for editing and publishing Lithuanian periodicals Varpas and Ūkininkas in 1891–1895 and Vilniaus žinios in 1905–1906.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Friedrich Kurschat</span> Prussian linguist (1806–1884)

Friedrich Kurschat was a Prussian Lithuanian linguist and professor at the University of Königsberg. He studied the Lithuanian language and published its grammar in 1876 in which he was the first to describe Lithuanian accentuation in detail.

<i>Lietuvininkų prietelis</i>

Lietuvininkų prietelis was a short-lived Lithuanian-language political newspaper published in Memel by Lutheran priest Rudolf Andreas Zippel in 1849. It was published for less than a year, but it is considered the first "true" Lithuanian periodical. It was also the first Lithuanian periodical published in the territory of present-day Lithuania.

Rudolf Andreas Zippel was a Lutheran priest from East Prussia. He is best remembered as the editor of the first "true" Lithuanian periodical Lietuvininkų prietelis published in 1849.

<i>Keleivis</i>

Keleivis iš Karaliaučiaus broliams Lietuvininkams žinias parnešas was a Lithuanian-language weekly periodical published in Königsberg, East Prussia, from 1849 to 1880. It was one of the first Lithuanian periodicals. Edited and published by the linguist and Lutheran pastor Friedrich Kurschat, Keleivis was politically conservative and propagated religious values.

The Lithuanian People's Aid Union, also known as Lithuanian Red Aid before 1940, was an organization in Lithuania active from end of 1918 to June 1941. The organization was commonly referred to as 'MOPR' per the Russian acronym of its international counterpart, the International Red Aid. The Lithuanian Red Aid movement raised funds and donated money, food, clothes and shoes to imprisoned communists. Just like the Communist Party of Lithuania, the Lithuanian Red Aid was illegal in Lithuania during the interwar period.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Augustinas Janulaitis</span> Lithuanian attorney, judge, and university professor

Augustinas Janulaitis (1878–1950) was a Lithuanian attorney, judge, and university professor who specialized in the legal history of Lithuania.

References

  1. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 373 (#2003).
  2. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 372 (#2002).
  3. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 210 (#1286).
  4. 1 2 3 Tapinas 1997, p. 277.
  5. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 181 (#946).
  6. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 245 (#1314).
  7. ↑ Kaunas 1996, p. 256.
  8. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 488 (#2666).
  9. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 244 (#1311).
  10. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 239 (#1285).
  11. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 600 (#3243).
  12. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 368 (#2070).
  13. 1 2 Tapinas 1997, p. 379.
  14. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 170 (#884).
  15. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 203.
  16. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 242 (#1302).
  17. 1 2 Tapinas 1997, p. 278.
  18. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 228 (#1216).
  19. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 277 (#1474).
  20. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 283 (#1500).
  21. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 146.
  22. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 123 (#636).
  23. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 229, 530 (#1222, 2888).
  24. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 520.
  25. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 182, 201 (#948, 1064).
  26. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 352 (#1898).
  27. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 122 (#632).
  28. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 378 (#2020).
  29. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 236 (#1268).
  30. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 36 (#190).
  31. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 531 (#2898).
  32. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 181 (#944).
  33. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 603 (#3263).
  34. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 585.
  35. ↑ Stepukonienė 2014, p. 14.
  36. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 244–245, 603 (#1313, 3265).
  37. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 370 (#1989).
  38. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 356.
  39. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 542 (#2947).
  40. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 244 (#1308).
  41. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 121 (#624).
  42. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 564 (#3068).
  43. ↑ Jonaitis 2011, pp. 5–7.
  44. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 587 (#3181).
  45. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 294 (#1563).
  46. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 493 (#2699).
  47. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 283–284, 442 (#1504, 1506, 2381).
  48. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 443.
  49. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 587, 589 (#3184).
  50. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 555 (#3021).
  51. ↑ Krapauskas 2000, pp. 169–171.
  52. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 364 (#1963).
  53. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 185 (#966).
  54. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 191, (#1009, 3106).
  55. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 537 (#2929).
  56. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 167, 350 (#865, 1886).
  57. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 8 (#43).
  58. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 519 (#2843).
  59. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 369–370 (#1988).
  60. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 15 (#86).
  61. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 348–349 (#1876).
  62. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 351.
  63. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 121 (#625).
  64. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 236 (#1269).
  65. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 381 (#2027).
  66. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 243 (#1307).
  67. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 540 (#2938).
  68. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 554 (#3014).
  69. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 349 (#1880).
  70. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 122 (#631).
  71. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 144.
  72. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 385 (#2053).
  73. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 398 (#2127).
  74. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 63 (#330).
  75. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 71.
  76. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 450 (#2431).
  77. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 118, 172 (#612, 894).
  78. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 523 (#2858).
  79. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 519 (#2844).
  80. ↑ LIBIS.
  81. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 435 (#2342).
  82. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 268 (#1433).
  83. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 258 (#1382).
  84. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 81, 396 (#410, 2116).
  85. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 37, 244 (#192, 1312).
  86. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 43.
  87. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 347 (#1866).
  88. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 11 (#59).
  89. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 45 (#231).
  90. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 554 (#3016).
  91. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 456 (#2463).
  92. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 99 (#515).
  93. 1 2 Tapinas 1997, p. 108.
  94. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 349 (#1878).
  95. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 51–52, 507 (#263, 2775).
  96. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 4 (#20).
  97. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 572 (#3107).
  98. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 177 (#919).
  99. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 211.
  100. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 548 (#2983).
  101. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 596 (#3225).
  102. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 600 (#3245).
  103. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 442 (#2383).
  104. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 213 (#1133).
  105. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 271 (#1446).
  106. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 24 (#134).
  107. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 499 (#2732).
  108. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 85 (#428).
  109. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 132 (#690).
  110. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 21–22 (#117).
  111. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 604 (#3273).
  112. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 356 (#1922).
  113. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 240 (#1290).
  114. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 81 (#411).
  115. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 59 (#308).
  116. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 457 (#2469).
  117. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 142 (#734).
  118. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 176.
  119. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 210 (#1112).
  120. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 164 (#847).
  121. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 88 (#450).
  122. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 389 (#2071).
  123. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 41 (#211).
  124. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 465 (#2519).
  125. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 389 (#2073).
  126. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 377 (#2012).
  127. ↑ Tapinas 1997, p. 368.
  128. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, pp. 81, 101 (#412, 523).
  129. ↑ Surblys, Zakaravičiūtė & Rudminaitė 2016.
  130. ↑ Tamošiūnas 1991, p. 570 (#3095).

Bibliography

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.