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The National Monuments of Chile (Spanish: Monumentos Nacionales de Chile), also abbreviated MN, are the legally protected constructions, elements and places that form part of the country's cultural heritage. They are national heritage sites that are an important part of the culture of Chile.
Law N° 17.288 concerning national monuments stipulates that:
Are national monuments stays under the State's tuition and protection, the places, ruins, constructions or objects of historic or artistic nature; the Indian burial grounds or cemeteries or other aborigin rests, the pieces or antropo-archaeologic, paleontologic or naturally-formed objects, that exists under or over the national territory surface or in the submarine platform of its jurisdictional waters and which their conservation interests the history, arts or science; the sanctuaries of nature; monuments, statues, columns, pyramids, fonts, shields, crowns, inscriptions and, generally, the objects destined to stay on a public site, with conmemorative character., that law creates the National Monuments Council
—Law N° 17.288 of National Monuments, Art. 1, De los Monumentos Nacionales.
As of October2008[update] there are 938 national monuments. They are grouped into the following categories:
Historic monuments (633).
Public monuments (150).
Archaeological monuments (21).
Typical or picturesque zones (95).
Nature sanctuaries (39).
Historic monuments
Historic monuments are defined as:
the places, ruins, constructions and objects, of fiscal, municipal or particular property that by its quality and historic or artistic interest, or by its antiquity, could be declared such as by supreme decree, dictated by request and previous agreement by the Council.
—Law N° 17.288 of National Monuments, art. 9, De los Monumentos Históricos.
In the register of the National Monuments Council, there are 633 historic monuments as of October2008[update]. These include:
Public Monuments are all objects in public places that serve to perpetuate memory. The law defines them as:
statues, columns, fountains, pyramids, shields, crowns, inscriptions and, generally, all the objects placed to perpetuate memory on countries, streets, public squares or other public places.
—Law N° 17.288 of National Monuments, art. 17, De los Monumentos Públicos.
The National Monuments Council of Chile is trying to create a register in which all public monuments can be listed, using information from the local authorities. As of October2008[update], there are 150 public monuments on the list. These include
Urban or rural properties that form a unity and are notable by their style, materiality or constructiontechnique are designated as typical or picturesque zones:
With the purpose to hold the environmental nature proper of some towns or places where could exist archaeologic ruins, or ruins and buildings declared Historic Monuments, the National Monuments Council can request to be declared of public interest the protection and preservation of these towns or places, or some zones of them.
—Law N° 17.288 of National Monuments, art. 29, De la Conservación de los Caracteres Ambientales.
In the register of the National Monuments Council, as of October2008[update], there are 95 typical zones. These include:
Are sanctuaries of nature all of the terrestrial or marine sites that could offer special possibilities for studies and geologic, paleontologic, zoologic, botanic or ecologic investigations, or that have natural formations, which conservation could be of interest for the science or for the State.
—Law N° 17.288 of National Monuments, art. 31, De los Santuarios de la naturaleza e investigaciones científicas.
Valparaíso is a major city, commune, seaport and naval base in the Valparaíso Region, Chile.
Since the mid-1990s, tourism in Chile has become one of the main sources of income for the country, especially in its most extreme areas. In 2005, this sector grew by 13.6%, generating more than US$500 million, equivalent to 1.33% of the national GDP.
Pukara de La Compañia is an archaeological site containing the remains of a promaucae fortress, later used by the Incas, located on the large hill overlooking the village of La Compañia, a village in the commune of Graneros, Chile. It is the southernmost building which remains of the Inca Empire. As such it is an important landmark on what is known as "The Chilean Inca Trail", and has been declared a National Monument by the Chilean government.
The National Monuments Council is a Chilean government agency dedicated to the preservation and upkeep of special natural and cultural sites in Chile. The National Monuments Council was created in 1925 by law Nº 17.288.
San Francisco Church is a Catholic church located in Barón Hill, Valparaíso, Chile. The church served as lighthouse to the navigants who were arriving Valparaíso until the early 20th century, being the first recognizable point of the city. Valparaíso is often nicknamed with the diminutive form of Francisco: Pancho.
The National monuments of Colombia are the set of properties, nature reserves, archaeological sites, historic districts, urban areas and property that, for values of authenticity, originality, aesthetics, and artistic techniques, are representative of Colombia and constitute core elements of its history and culture. The cultural heritage of Colombia includes material and immaterial assets "which are an expression of the Colombian nationality", in accordance with Law No. 1185 (2008). As of December 2011, 1079 National Monuments have been declared. A further sixteen candidate sites have been identified for future declaration.
The Santo Domingo Church is a Dominican church in the historical downtown of Santiago de Chile. It is located at the corner of Santo Domingo Street and 21 de Mayo Street.
Chilote School of Religious Imagery —Spanish: Escuela chilota de Imaginería Religiosa—, is an artistic and cultural manifestation that was developed during the 17th century on the basis of the circular movement of evangelizing established by the Jesuit missionaries, and reaches its climax in the late 19th century.
The Iglesia Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes is a Catholic church located in Papudo, Valparaíso Region, Chile. It was declared as a National Historic Monument in 1995.
The Casa Matriz del Banco de Chile is a building in downtown Santiago, Chile, which houses the headquarters of the Banco de Chile. It is located at 251 Paseo Ahumada street, between Huérfanos y Agustinas streets. The building was declared as a National Monument of Chile in 2016, within the category of Historic Monuments.
The Cementerio N° 1 de Valparaíso is a cemetery located in the Panteón Hill, immediately north of the Cementerio de Disidentes, in Valparaíso, Chile. Created in 1825, it was declared as a National Monument of Chile in 2005, within the category of Historic Monuments.
The Iglesia de Santa Ana is a Catholic church in downtown Santiago de Chile. It is located at the northwest corner of Catedral and San Martín streets. The church was declared as a National Monument of Chile in 1970, within the category of Historic Monuments. Santa Ana metro station is named after the church.
The Holy Guardian Angels Church is a Catholic church located in Providencia, Santiago de Chile. It was declared as a National Monument of Chile in 1990, within the category of Historic Monuments.
The Sacred Hearts Church is a Catholic church located at 2086 Independencia Street, in El Almendral neighborhood, in Valparaíso, Chile. Staffed by the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary, it was built to serve as the church for the Colegio de los Sagrados Corazones de Valparaíso community. The church was declared as a National Monument of Chile in 2003, within the category of Historic Monuments.
The Pucará de Turi an archaeological site in the locality of Turi, which is part of Calama, in the Antofagasta Region, Chile. It is located 47 km northeast of the town of San Francisco de Chiu Chiu.
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