List of battles involving the French Foreign Legion

Last updated

Throughout its long history since its inception on March 9, 1831, elements of the French Foreign Legion have engaged in combat on the behalf of France and its interests with distinction. The Foreign Legion has seen battle on five continents against numerous foes.

Contents

Afghanistan War

Gulf War

Peacekeeping Operations

DateBattleLocationCommanding OfficerResultCasualtiesForeign Legion Units Involved
Opération Licorne Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg  Côte d'Ivoire Ended. But legionnaires are still present in the country. 2nd Foreign Infantry Regiment

Algerian War

Indochina War

DateBattleLocationCommanding OfficerResultCasualtiesForeign Legion Units Involved
Battle of Dien Bien Phu Flag of France (1794-1815).svg Dien Bien Phu, French Indochina Defeat 13th Foreign Legion Demi-Brigade
2nd Foreign Infantry Regiment
3rd Foreign Infantry Regiment
November 20–23, 1953 Operation Castor Flag of France (1794-1815).svg Dien Bien Phu, French Indochina French Union Victory 1st Foreign Parachute Battalion

Second World War

DateBattleLocationLegion Commanding Officer(s)ResultStrengthCasualtiesForeign Legion Units Involved
May 26 – June 11, 1942 Battle of Bir Hakeim Bir Hakeim, Libya Lieutenant-colonel Dimitri Amilakhvari Victory
Successful Delaying Action
2nd Battalion of the 13th Demi-Brigade of the Foreign Legion
3rd Battalion of the 13th Demi-Brigade of the Foreign Legion
September 22–26, 1940 Battle of Lạng Sơn Flag of France (1794-1815).svg Lạng Sơn, French IndochinaDefeat
French Forces ordered to Surrender
2nd Battalion of the 5th Foreign Infantry Regiment
Battle of Narvik Norway
May 10 – June 25, 1940 Battle of France FranceDefeat 11th Foreign Infantry Regiment
12th Foreign Infantry Regiment
August 15, 1944 Operation Dragoon Flag of France.svg Southern France Victory
Allied forces successfully landed in southern France
1st Battalion of 13th Demi-Brigade of the Foreign Legion
2nd Battalion of 13th Demi-Brigade of the Foreign Legion

Rif War

DateBattleLocationLegion Commanding Officer(s)ResultStrengthCasualtiesForeign Legion Units Involved
June 10, 1925 Siege of Mediouna Mediouna, Morocco Defeat40 legionnaires37 legionnaires6th Battalion of the 1st Foreign Regiment

First World War

DateBattleLocationLegion Commanding Officer(s)ResultStrengthCasualtiesForeign Legion Units Involved
April 28, 1915 First Battle of Krithia Lieutenant-colonel Nièger 3rd Battalion, 1st Marching Regiment of Africa
April 25, 1915 Landing at Kum Kale Kum Kale, Turkey Lieutenant-colonel NiègerApproximately 600 men 3rd Battalion, 1st Marching Regiment of Africa

Sino-French War

DateBattleLocationLegion Commanding Officer(s)ResultStrengthCasualtiesForeign Legion Units Involved
August 1884 – April 1885 Siege of Tuyên Quang Tuyên Quang, Indochina Victory600
March 2, 1882 Battle of Hòa Mộc, Indochina Tuyên Quang Flag of France.svg French Victory2nd Foreign Legion Battalion
3rd Foreign Legion Battalion

Franco-Prussian War

Mexican Campaign

DateBattleLocationCommanding OfficerResultStrengthCasualtiesForeign Legion Units Involved
April 30, 1863 Battle of Camerone Flag of Mexico.svg Camarón de Tejeda, Mexico Captain Jean Danjou Defeat
Surviving legionnaires were allowed to leave under their own arms
65 Total
3 Officers
62 enlisted
40 dead
17 wounded ..
3rd Company of the Foreign Regiment of the Foreign Legion
December 1864 to February 1865 Siege of Oaxaca Flag of Mexico.svg Oaxaca, Mexico

Italian Campaign (1859)

DateBattleLocationCommanding OfficerResultStrengthCasualtiesForeign Legion Units Involved
June 4, 1859 Battle of Magenta Magenta, ItalyVictory
June 24, 1859 Battle of Solferino Solferino, ItalyVictory2nd Foreign Regiment

Crimean War

DateBattleLocationCommanding OfficerResultStrengthCasualtiesForeign Legion Units Involved
September 20, 1854 Battle of Alma Alma River, Russia Victory60 men [1] Eight companies from the 1st and 2nd Regiments of the Foreign Legion
October 17, 1854 – September 9, 1855 Siege of Sevastopol Sevastopol, Russia Brigadier Achille Bazaine Victory1st Regiment of the Foreign Legion
2nd Regiment of the Foreign Legion
November 9, 1854 Battle of Inkermann Sevastopol, Russia Victory1st Regiment of the Foreign Legion
2nd Regiment of the Foreign Legion

Second Deployment to Algeria

DateBattleLocationCommanding OfficerHighest Ranking Legion CommanderResultStrengthCasualtiesForeign Legion Units Involved
1849 Battle of Zaatcha Victory5,000

First Carlist War

DateBattleLocationCommanding OfficerHighest Ranking Legion CommanderResultCasualtiesForeign Legion Units Involved
June 2, 1837 Battle of Barbastro Col. Joseph Conrad Pyrrhic Victory
May 24, 1837 Battle of Huesca Col. Joseph Conrad378 Casualties
350 legionnaires
28 officers
April 1836 Battle of Zubiri

First Deployment to Algeria

DateBattleLocationCommanding OfficerResultCasualtiesForeign Legion Units Involved
June 28, 1835 Battle of Macta Defeat
April 24, 1832 Battle of Maison Carrée Outside of Algiers, AlgeriaVictory3rd Battalion

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">French Foreign Legion</span> Corps of the French Army, which is partly made up of foreign nationals

The French Foreign Legion is an elite corps of the French Army that consists of several specialties: infantry, cavalry, engineers, and airborne troops. It was created in 1831 to allow foreign nationals into the French Army. It formed part of the Armée d’Afrique, the French Army's units associated with France's colonial project in North Africa, until the end of the Algerian War in 1962.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Legion of Honour</span> Highest French order of merit

The National Order of the Legion of Honour, formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour, is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil, and currently comprises five classes. Established in 1802 by Napoleon Bonaparte, it has been retained by all later French governments and regimes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spanish Legion</span> Unit of the Spanish Army

For centuries, Spain recruited foreign soldiers to its army, forming the foreign regiments such as the Regiment of Hibernia. However, the specific unit of the Spanish Army and Spain's Rapid Reaction Force, now known as the Spanish Legion, and informally known as the Tercio or the Tercios, is a 20th-century creation. It was raised in the 1920s to serve as part of Spain's Army of Africa. The unit, which was established in January 1920 as the Spanish equivalent of the French Foreign Legion, was initially known as the Tercio de Extranjeros, the name under which it began fighting in the Rif War of 1921–1926.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polish Legions (Napoleonic era)</span> Polish military units that served with the French Army

The Polish Legions were several Polish military units that served with the French Army in the Napoleonic era, mainly from 1797 to 1803, although some units continued to serve until 1815.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment</span> Military unit

The 2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment is the only airborne regiment of the Foreign Legion in the French Army. It is one of the four infantry regiments of the 11th Parachute Brigade and part of the spearhead of the French rapid reaction force.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Foreign Engineer Regiment</span> Military unit

The 1st Foreign Engineer Regiment is one of two combat engineer regiments of the Foreign Legion in the French Army. The regiment provides the combat engineering component of the 6th Light Armoured Brigade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of the French Foreign Legion</span>

The Foreign Legion has had a long and unique history amongst the units of the French Army. It was historically formed of expatriate enlisted personnel led by French officers. Founded by a royal ordinance issued by King Louis Philippe of France on March 9, 1831, with the aim of bolstering the strength of the French Army while also finding a use for the influx of refugees inundating France at the time. The Foreign Legion subsequently found a permanent home in the ranks of the French military. The Foreign Legion's history spans across the Conquest of Algeria, the Franco-Prussian War, numerous colonial exploits, both World Wars, the First Indochina War, and the Algerian War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3rd Foreign Infantry Regiment</span> Infantry regiment of the Foreign Legion in the French Army

The 3rd Foreign Infantry Regiment is an infantry regiment of the Foreign Legion in the French Army. The regiment is stationed in French Guiana. Its mission includes the protection of the Guiana Space Centre, a European Space Agency (ESA) facility.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Foreign Parachute Regiment</span> Military unit

The 1st Foreign Parachute Regiment was an airborne regiment of the Foreign Legion in the French Army which dated its origins to 1948. The regiment fought in the First Indochina War as the three-time reconstituted 1st Foreign Parachute Battalion, the Suez Crisis and Algerian War, but was dissolved along with the 10th Parachute Division and 25th Parachute Division following the generals' putsch against part of the French government in 1961.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Musée de la Légion d'honneur</span> Museum in Paris, France

The Musée national de la Légion d'honneur et des ordres de chevalerie is a French national museum of orders of merit and orders of chivalry. It is located in the Palais de la Légion d'Honneur beside the Musée d'Orsay at 2, rue de la Légion-d'Honneur, in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France. It is open daily except Monday and Tuesday; admission is free. The nearest métro and RER stations are Musée d'Orsay, Solférino, and Assemblée Nationale.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">4th Foreign Regiment (France)</span> Military unit

The 4th Foreign Regiment is a training regiment of the Foreign Legion in the French Army. Prior to assuming the main responsibility of training Legion recruits, it was an infantry unit which participated in campaigns in Morocco, Levant, French Indochina, and Algeria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign Legion Command</span> Command of the Foreign Legion

The Foreign Legion Command (official) is the Command of the Foreign Legion in the French Army.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foreign Legion Detachment in Mayotte</span> Military unit

The Foreign Legion Detachment in Mayotte is a detachment of the Foreign Legion based on the island of Mayotte, near Madagascar. It is the smallest operational unit of the French Army. The main role of the detachment is to maintain a French presence in the region, enabling the French armed forces to quickly react to events in the Indian Ocean and the east coast of Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">11th Foreign Infantry Regiment</span> Military unit

The 11th Foreign Infantry Regiment was a regiment of the Foreign Legion in the French Army which served during World War II from 1939 to 1940.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">22nd Marching Regiment of Foreign Volunteers</span> Military unit

The 22nd Marching Regiment of Foreign Volunteers was a regiment of the French Foreign Legion formed from expatriates living in France at the outbreak of World War II. While established as a different unit, its veterans are recognized as part of the Foreign Legion. The 22nd RMVE resisted the German invasion of France in 1940, seeing major action along the Somme during the month of June.

<i>Képi Blanc</i> (publication)

Képi Blanc is the monthly French magazine of the Foreign Legion in the French Army.

The Foreign Legion Veteran Societies Federation is an association of the association law type of 1901 federating different representations of veteran Legionnaires across the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Music of the Foreign Legion</span> Military unit

The Music of the Foreign Legion, formerly known as the Principal Music of the Foreign Legion is a Military band of the French Foreign Legion.

The Foreign Legion was established in 1831 by King Louis Philippe I to consolidate all foreign corps fighting under French colors, which included, among others, the Swiss Guards, the Swiss regiment of the Royal Guard, and the Hohenlohe Regiment. After its creation, the Legion participated in the further recruitment of foreign nationals into French military service.

References

  1. Porch p. 125