List of consorts of Brunswick-Lüneburg

Last updated

Contents

Countess of Brunswick

Lüneburg became a part of the County after Emperor Lothair, who inherited it from the Billungs.
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame CountessCeased to be CountessDeath Spouse
Gizela Szwabska.JPG Gisela of Swabia Hermann II, Duke of Swabia
(Conradines)
11 November 9951003/051010/11
husband's death
14 February 1043 Brun I
Gertrude of Egisheim Hugo VI, Count of Nordgay
(Etichonids)
-before 102523 Apr 1038
husband's death
21 July 1077 Liudolf I
Aemilia of Susa Ulric Manfred II of Turin
(Arduinici)
-105811 January 1068
husband's death
28 January 1078 Egbert I
Oda of Weimar Otto I, Margrave of Meissen -before 10803 July 1090
husband's death
1111 Egbert II
Gertrude of Brunswick Egbert I, Margrave of Meissen
(Brunonen)
1060after 10853 July 1090
husband's accession
1101
husband's death
9 December 1117 Henry the Fat
Richenza von Northeim (Konigslutter).jpg Richenza of Northeim Henry the Fat
(Northeim)
1087/8911001101
husband's accession
4 December 1137
husband's death
10 June 1141 Lothair of Supplinburgb
Gertruda.jpg Gertrude of Süpplingenburg Lothair of Supplinburg
(Süpplingenburg)
18 April 111529 May 11274 December 1137
husband's accession
20 October 1139
husband's death
18 April 1143 Henry the Proud
Clemenza of Zahringen 2.jpg Clementia of Zähringen Conrad, Duke of Zähringen
(Zähringen)
-1148/4923 November 1162
divorce
1148/49 Henry the Lion
Matylda.jpg Matilda of England Henry II of England
(Plantagenet)
June 11561 February 116828 June 1189
Arms of Swabia.svg Agnes of Hohenstaufen Conrad, Count Palatine of the Rhine
(Hohenstaufen)
1176December 1193/January 11941203
Division of Duchy
9/10 May 1204 Henry the Tall
Agnes of Wettin Conrad II, Margrave of Lower Lusatia
(Wettin)
-121128 April 1227
husband's death
1 January 1248
Ota4 zena.jpg Beatrice of Hohenstaufen Philip of Swabia
(Hohenstaufen)
April/June 119823 July 121211 August 1212 Otto the Proud
MarieBrabant1190-1260.jpg Marie of Brabant Henry I, Duke of Brabant
(Leuven)
1190after 19 May 121419 May 1218
husband's death
9 March/14 June 1260
Blason Danemark moderne.svg Helena Valdemarsdatter of Denmark Valdemar I of Denmark
(Estridsen)
1175/82Summer of 12021203
Division of Duchy
13 December 1213
husband's death
22 November 1233 William of Winchester
Mechtilda.jpg Matilda of Brandenburg Albert II, Margrave of Brandenburg
(Ascania)
1210end of 1228August 1235
Became Duchess
10 June 1261 Otto the Child

Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg

Main line

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame DuchessCeased to be DuchessDeath Spouse
Mechtilda.jpg Matilda of Brandenburg Albert II, Margrave of Brandenburg
(Ascania)
1210end of 1228August 1235
Duchy's creation
9 June 1252
husband's death
10 June 1261 Otto I
Coat of arms of Brabant.svg Elisabeth of Brabant Henry II, Duke of Brabant
(Leuven)
124313 July 125417 April/9 October 1261 Albert I
Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Thessalonica.svg Alessia of Montferrat Boniface II, Marquess of Montferrat
(Aleramici)
12401 November 12661269
Duchy's partitioned, husband received Wolfenbüttel
6 February 1285
Blason Comte puis Duche de Holstein.svg Liutgatd of Holstein Gerhard I, Count of Holstein-Itzehoe
(Schauenburg)
12511265, after 15 July1269
Duchy's partitioned, husband received Lüneburg
after 28 February 1289 John I
Albert (Wolfenbüttel line) ruled the duchy jointly with his younger brother John (Lüneburg-Celle line). As the brothers could not agree on how to govern the duchy, in 1267 they decided to divide their possession, which happened in 1269. Albert partitioned the territory while John obtained the right to choose his part. He took the northern half including the cities of Lüneburg and Hanover while Albert received the southern part, including Calenberg, Helmstedt, the Harz mountain range and Göttingen. The City of Brunswick was to remain common property of the brothers.

Wolfenbüttel line

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame DuchessCeased to be DuchessDeath Spouse
Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Thessalonica.svg Alessia of Montferrat Boniface II, Marquess of Montferrat
(Aleramici)
12401 November 12661269
Duchy's partitioned, husband received Wolfenbüttel
15 August 1279
husband's death
6 February 1285 Albert I
Agnes of Meissen Albert II, Margrave of Meissen
(Aleramici)
before 12641282, before 21 July1291
Duchy's partitioned, husband received Grubenhagen
1 February/September 1332 Henry I
Rixa of Mecklenburg-Werle Henry I, Prince of Mecklenburg-Werle
(Mecklenburg-Werle)
-10 January 12841291
Duchy's partitioned, husband received Göttingen
after 2 October 1312 Albert II
(1st reign)
Coat of arms of Hesse.svg Elisabeth of Hesse Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse
(Hesse)
1276129030 September 1292
husband's death
after 6 July 1306 William I
Rixa of Mecklenburg-Werle Henry I, Prince of Mecklenburg-Werle
(Mecklenburg-Werle)
-10 January 128430 September 1292
husband's reaccession
after 2 October 1312 Albert II
(2nd reign)
Ota Agnes.jpg Agnes of Brandenburg Hermann, Margrave of Brandenburg
(Ascania)
1296/9816 September/22 December 131928 November 1334 Otto I
Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png Sophie of Brandenburg Henry I, Margrave of Brandenburg
(Ascania)
130013271356 Magnus I
Coat of arms of Hesse.svg Elisabeth of Hesse Henry II, Landgrave of Hesse
(Hesse)
1329before 2 March 134017 April 1345
Duchy's partitioned, husband received Göttingen
7 March 1390 Ernest I
Blason Principaute d'Anhalt (XIIIe siecle).svg Catherine of Anhalt Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg
(Ascania)
1330before 6 October 135615 June/15 August 1369
husband's accession
26 July 1373
husband's death
30 January 1390 Magnus II
Coat of arms of Saxony.svg Anna of Saxe-Wittenberg Wenceslas I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg
(Ascania)
-10 November 13865 June 1400
husband's death
after 18 April 1426 Frederick I
After Frederick I's murder in 1400, Wolfenbüttel was inherited by the two brothers: Bernard I and Henry II, who were joint rulers of Lüneburg. The two brothers agreed in 1409 that they would divide the Duchies with Henry receiving Lüneburg and Bernard receiving Wolfenbüttel.
Coat of arms of Saxony.svg Margaret of Saxe-Wittenberg Wenceslas I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg
(Ascania)
-12 July 13855 June 1400
husband's accession
12 June 1418 Bernard I
POL wojewodztwo zachodniopomorskie COA.svg Sophie of Pomerania Wartislaw VI, Duke of Pomerania
(Griffins)
-11 November 13885 June 1400
husband's accession
28 June 1406 Henry II
Coat of arms of Hesse.svg Margaret of Hesse Hermann II, Landgrave of Hesse
(Hesse)
138930 January 14091409
husband relinquish claim Wolfenbüttel for Lüneburg
1446
In 1428, a second treaty between Bernard I and his nephews William III and Henry III of Lüneburg. Bernard swapped Wolfenbüttel for Lüneburg.
Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png Cecilia of Brandenburg Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern)
140530 May 14231428
husband relinquish claim Lüneburg for Wolfenbüttel
1432
husband's deposition in Wolfenbüttel and given Calenberg
4 January 1449 William III
(1st reign)
Armoiries Cleves-Marck.svg Helene de Clèves Adolph I, Duke of Cleves
(De la Marck)
18 August 142312 February 14363 July 1471 Henry III
Elisabeth of Stolberg Bodo VII, Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode 143826 November 144425 July 1482
husband's accession
1491
husband relinquish Wolfenbüttel and Calenberg to sons, retaining Göttingen
7 September 1520 William IV
Margaret of Rietberg Conrad V, Count of Rietberg -16 November 148325 July 1482
husband's accession
1484
husband's imprisonment
4 January 1533 or 6 June 1535 Frederick III
Eucharius Rosslin Rosgarten Uberreichung.jpg Catherine of Pomerania-Wolgast Eric II, Duke of Pomerania
(Griffins)
-14657 December 1473
husband's accession
23 June 1514
husband's death
1526 Henry IV
Arms of Eberhard I, 1st Duke of Wurttemberg.svg Marie of Württemberg Henry, Count of Württemberg
(Württemberg)
15 August 149618 February 151528 December 1541 Henry V
Cranach the Younger Sophia Jagiellon.jpg Sophia Jagiellon of Poland Sigismund I the Old
(Jagiellon)
13 July 152222–25 February 15563 May 1589
husband's death
28 May 1575
HedwigBrandBraunWolf.jpg Hedwig of Brandenburg Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern)
2 March 154025 February 156011 June 1568
husband's accession
3 May 1589
husband's death
21 October 1602 Julius
Hertuginde Elisabeth.JPG Elizabeth of Denmark Frederick II of Denmark
(Oldenburg)
2 March 154025 February 156011 June 1568
husband's accession
3 May 1589
husband's death
21 October 1602 Henry Julius
AnnaSophieBrandBraunLuen.jpg Anna Sophia of Brandenburg John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern)
15 March 15984 September 161411 August 1634
husband's death
19 December 1659 Frederick Ulrich
Dorothea von Anhalt-Zerbst (1607-1634).jpg Dorothea of Anhalt-Zerbst Rudolph, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst
(Ascania)
25 September 160726 October 162311 August 1634
husband's accession
26 September 1634 Augustus II
Elisabeth Sophie of Mecklenburg.jpg Elisabeth Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow John Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg
(Mecklenburg-Güstrow)
20 August 161313 July 163517 September 1666
husband's death
2 July 1676
Christiane Elisabeth von Barby Albert Frederick, Count of Barby-Muhlingen 6 October 163410 November 165017 September 1666
husband's accession
2 May 1681 Rudolph Augustus
Elisabeth Juliane of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Norburg, duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel.jpg Elisabeth Juliane of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderborg-Norburg Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderborg-Norburg
(Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderborg-Norburg)
24 May 163417 May 165617 September 1666
husband's accession
4 February 1704 Anthony Ulrich
Coat of arms of Hesse.svg Christine of Hesse-Eschwege Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse-Eschwege
(Hesse-Eschwege)
30 October 164826 November 16671667
relinquish claim to Wolfenbüttel for Bevern
18 March 1702 Ferdinand Albert I
Elisabeth Sophie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Norburg, duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel.jpg Elisabeth Sophie Marie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderborg-Norburg Prince Rudolph Frederick Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderborg-Norburg
(Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderborg-Norburg)
12 September 168312 September 171027 March 1714
husband's accession
23 March 1731
husband's death
3 April 1767 Augustus William
Christina Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen.jpg Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen Albert Ernest I, Prince of Oettingen-Oettingen
(Oettingen-Oettingen)
20 March 167112 September 171023 March 1731
husband's accession
1 March 1735
husband's death
3 September 1747 Louis Rudolph
Antoinette Amalie of Brunswick-Luneburg, duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel.jpg Antoinette Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
(Welf)
22 April 169615 October 17121 March 1735
husband's accession
2 September 1735
husband's death
6 March 1762 Ferdinand Albert II
Philippine Charlotte of Prussia, duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel.jpg Philippine Charlotte of Prussia Frederick William I of Prussia
(Hohenzollern)
13 March 17162 July 17332 September 1735
husband's accession
26 March 1780
husband's death
17 February 1801 Charles I
Augusta of Great Britain, duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel.jpg Augusta of Great Britain Frederick, Prince of Wales
(Hanover)
31 August 173716 January 176426 March 1780
husband's accession
16 October 1806
husband's death
23 March 1813 Charles II
Marie of Baden (1782-1808) aka Maria Elisabeth Wilhelmine von Baden.jpg Marie of Baden Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden
(Zähringen)
7 September 17821 November 180216 October 1806
husband's accession
1807
Wolfenbüttel annexed by Napoleon
29 April 1808 Frederick William
Became part of Kingdom of Westphalia (1807–1813)
Reformed into the Duchy of Brunswick in 1814.

Grubenhagen line

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame DuchessCeased to be DuchessDeath Spouse
Agnes of Meissen Albert II, Margrave of Meissen
(Aleramici)
before 12641282, before 21 July1291
Duchy's partitioned, husband received Grubenhagen
7 September 1322
husband's death
1 February/September 1332 Henry I
Jutta of Brandenburg Henry I, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal
(Ascania)
1299–1306before 16 April 13187 September 1322
husband's accession
15 July 1325/early February 1327 Henry II
Heloise d'Ibelin Philip d'Ibelin, Seneschal of Jerusalem.
(Ascania)
130723 August 1330after 25 May 1347
Adelheid of Everstein Henry II, Count of Everstein -10 May 1335
or
9 June 1336
9/11 March 1361
husband's death
after 29 September 1373 Ernest I
Agnes of Brunswick-Lüneburg Magnus II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
(Ascania)
-before 17 August 137211 August/22 September 1383
husband's death
21 March 1410 Albert I
(Salzderhelden)
Elisabeth of Brunswick-Göttingen Otto I, Duke of Brunswick-Göttingen
(Guelph)
c.139014 July 140528 May 1427
husband's death
after 29 September 1444 Eric I
(Salzderhelden)
Adelaide of Anhalt-Köthen John of Anhalt-Köthen
(Ascania)
--1402before 1421 Frederick I
(Osterode)
Margaret of Sagen John I of Sagan
(Piast)
c.141527 June 14571464
husband's death
after 9 May 1491 Henry III
(Salzderhelden)
Schonetta of Nassau-Weilburg John I of Nassau-Weilburg
(Nassau)
-141425 April 1436 Otto II
(Osterode)
Elisabeth of Waldeck Wolrad I of Waldeck
(Waldeck)
c.145515 October 147115 August 1485
husband's death
15 March 1513 Albert II
(Osterode)
Catherine of Mansfeld-Vorderort Ernest II of Mansfeld-Vorderort
(Mansfeld)
1 October 150115171535 Philip I
(Salzderhelden)
Margaret of Pomerania-Wolgast George I of Pomerania
(Griffins)
May 15189 October 15474 September 15512 April 1567
husband's death
24 June 1569 Ernest III
(Salzderhelden)
Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg Francis I of Saxe-Lauenburg
(Ascania)
1 March 154310 December 15705 April 1586 Wolfgang
(Salzderhelden)
Clara of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Henry II of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
(Guelph)
16 November 15321 July 156014 May 159523 November 1595 Philip II
(Herzberg)
Annexed by Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel in 1596.
Ceded to Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1617.

Göttingen line

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame DuchessCeased to be DuchessDeathSpouse
Rixa of Mecklenburg-Werle Henry I, Prince of Mecklenburg-Werle
(Mecklenburg-Werle)
-10 January 12841291
Duchy's partitioned, husband received Göttingen
30 September 1292
husband's takes over Wolfenbüttel
after 2 October 1312 Albert II
Merged into Wolfenbüttel
Coat of arms of Hesse.svg Elisabeth of Hesse Henry II, Landgrave of Hesse
(Hesse)
1329before 2 March 134017 April 1345
Duchy's partitioned, husband received Göttingen
24 April 1367
husband's death
7 March 1390 Ernest I
Wappen Juelich Herzogtum.svg Margarete of Jülich William VII of Jülich, 1st Duke of Berg
(Jülich)
c.1364137913 December 1394
husband's death
18 July 1442 Otto I
Coat of arms of Hesse.svg Agnes of Hesse Hermann II, Landgrave of Hesse
(Hesse)
1391c.14081463
husband's death
1471 Otto II
Elisabeth of Stolberg OttoBodo VII, Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode 143826 November 14441491
husband relinquish Wolfenbüttel and Calenberg to sons, retaining Göttingen
1495 or 7 July 1503
husband death
7 September 1520 William IV
Combined with Calenberg to form Calenberg-Göttingen line

Calenberg line

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame DuchessCeased to be DuchessDeathSpouse
Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png Cecilia of Brandenburg Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern)
140530 May 14231432
husband's desposition in Wolfenbüttel
4 January 1449 William III
Blason Comte puis Duche de Holstein.svg Matilda of Holstein-Schauenburg Otto II, Count of Schauenburg-Pinneberg
(Schauenburg)
-146622 July 1468
Merged into Wolfenbüttel
1468 Katharina.jpg Catherine of Saxony Albert III, Duke of Saxony
(Wettin)
24 July 146829 June 14971495 or 7 July 1503
husband inherited Göttingen
10 February 1524 Eric I
Combined with Göttingen to form Calenberg-Göttingen line

Calenberg-Göttingen line

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame DuchessCeased to be DuchessDeathSpouse
1468 Katharina.jpg Catherine of Saxony Albert III, Duke of Saxony
(Wettin)
24 July 146829 June 14971495 or 7 July 1503
Union of Calenberg and Göttingen
10 February 1524 Eric I
Elisabeth von Brandenburg 1510-1558.jpg Elisabeth of Brandenburg Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern)
24 August 15107 July 152530 July 1540
husband's death
25 May 1558
1518 Sidonia.jpg Sidonie of Saxony Henry IV, Duke of Saxony
(Wettin)
8 March 151817 May 15451573
divorce
4 January 1575 Eric II
Dorothea of Lorraine, Duchess of Brunswick.jpeg Dorothea of Lorraine Francis I, Duke of Lorraine
(Vaudémont)
24 May 154519/20 December 157617 November 1584
husband's death
2 June 1621
HedwigBrandBraunWolf.jpg Hedwig of Brandenburg Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern)
2 March 154025 February 156017 November 1584
husband's accession
3 May 1589
husband's death
21 October 1602 Julius
Hertuginde Elisabeth.JPG Elizabeth of Denmark Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern)
2 March 154025 February 156011 June 1568
husband's accession
3 May 1589
husband's death
21 October 1602 Henry Julius
AnnaSophieBrandBraunLuen.jpg Anna Sophia of Brandenburg John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern)
15 March 15984 September 161411 August 1634
husband's death
19 December 1659 Frederick Ulrich
Anna Eleonore von Hessen-Darmstadt.jpg Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
(Hesse-Darmstadt)
30 July 160114 December 161711 August 1634
husband's accession
23 January 1698
husband's death
6 May 1659 George
Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glucksburg.jpg Sophia Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg Philip, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
(Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg)
28 September 16369 October 165315 March 1665
husband's death
6 August 1689 Christian Louis
BenediktaHenrietteSimmBraunschw.JPG Benedicta Henrietta of the Palatinate-Simmern Edward of the Palatinate-Simmern
(Wittelsbach)
14 March 165230 November 166818 December 1679
husband's death
12 August 1730 John Frederick
Electress Sophia, Princess Palatine.jpg Sophia of the Palatinate-Simmern Frederick V, Elector Palatine
(Wittelsbach)
14 October 163030 September 165818 December 1679
husband's accession
23 January 1698
husband's death
8 June 1714 Ernest Augustus
On 7 September 1708, Lüneburg-Celle and Calenberg-Göttingen were combined to form the Electorate of Hanover. See:List of Hanoverian consorts for further consorts.

Bevern line

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame DuchessCeased to be DuchessDeathSpouse
Coat of arms of Hesse.svg Christine of Hesse-Eschwege Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse-Eschwege
(Hesse-Eschwege)
30 October 164826 November 16671667
relinquish claim to Wolfenbüttel for Bevern
25 April 1687
husband's death
18 March 1702 Ferdinand Albert I
Antoinette Amalie of Brunswick-Luneburg, duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel.jpg Antoinette Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
(Welf)
22 April 169615 October 17121 March 1735
became Duchess of Wolfenbüttel
6 March 1762 Ferdinand Albert II
Eleonore Charlotte of Kurland (1686-1748), German School of the 18th century.jpg Eleonore Charlotte of Courland Frederick Casimir Kettler
(Kettler)
11 June 16865 August 17141 March 1735
husband's accession
14. April 1746
husband's death
28 July 1748 Ernest Ferdinand
Anna Karoline of Nassau-Saarbrucken.jpg Anna Karoline of Nassau-Saarbrücken William Henry, Prince of Nassau-Saarbrücken
(Nassau)
31 December 175126 October 17822 August 1781
husband's accession
27 April 1809
husband's death
12 April 1824 Frederick Charles Ferdinand
In the 1809, Bevern passed to Frederick William of the Wolfenbüttel line

Lüneburg-Celle line

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame DuchessCeased to be DuchessDeath Spouse
Blason Comte puis Duche de Holstein.svg Liutgard of Holstein Gerhard I, Count of Holstein-Itzehoe
(Schauenburg)
12511265, after 15 July1269
Duchy's partitioned, husband received Lüneburg
13 December 1277
husband's death
after 28 February 1289 John I
BlasonChristian Ier (1143-1167), comte d'Oldenbourg.svg ? of Oldenburg Otto II of Oldenburg, Count of Delmenhorst
(Oldenburg-Delmenhorst)
--13 December 1277
husband's accession
before 1287 Otto II
Bavaria Arms.svg Matilde of Bavaria Louis II, Duke of Bavaria
(Wittelsbach)
127524 April-7 August 128828 March 1319
Matilda of Mecklenburg Henry II, Lord of Mecklenburg
(Mecklenburg)
129322 March 131010 April 1330
husband's accession
19 August 1352
husband's death
3 June, after 1358 Otto III
Hedwig of Ravensberg Otto IV, Count of Ravensberg
-before 7 April 132810 April 1330
husband's accession
5 December 1336 William II
Marie --after 1336before 2 February 1341
Blason Principaute d'Anhalt (XIIIe siecle).svg Sophia of Anhalt-Bernburg Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg
(Ascania)
-12 March 134618 December 1362
Coat of arms of Saxony.svg Agnes of Saxe-Lauenburg Eric II, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg
(Ascania)
135324 June 136323 November 1369
husband's death
after 7 January 1387
After William II's death in 1369 without a male heir, according to rules of the House of Welf Lüneburg passed to his cousin, Magnus II, in Wolfenbüttel. But Emperor Charles IV considered that the imperial fiefdom (Reichslehen) fell to the Empire and enfeoffed Albert of Saxe-Wittenberg and his uncle Wenceslas with the principality, thus precipitating the Lüneburg War of Succession.
Blason Principaute d'Anhalt (XIIIe siecle).svg Catherine of Anhalt Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg
(Ascania)
1330before 6 October 135615 June/15 August 1369
husband's accession
26 July 1373
husband's death
30 January 1390 Magnus II
11 May 137428 July 1385
husband's death
Albert of Saxe-Wittenberg
Cecilia of Carrara Francis of Carrara, Count of Padua-before 11 May 1371
or
23 January 1376
15 May 1388
husband's death
1427/1435 Wenceslas of Saxe-Wittenberg
After Wenceslas's death in 1388, Lüneburg was inherited by the two brothers: Bernard I and Henry II, who would become joint rulers of Wolfenbüttel in 1400. The two brothers agreed in 1409 that they would divide the Duchies with Henry receiving Lüneburg and Bernard receiving Wolfenbüttel.
Coat of arms of Saxony.svg Margaret of Saxe-Wittenberg Wenceslas I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg
(Ascania)
-12 July 138515 May 1388
husband's accession
1409
husband relinquish claim Wolfenbüttel for Wolfenbüttel
12 June 1418 Bernard I
POL wojewodztwo zachodniopomorskie COA.svg Sophie of Pomerania Wartislaw VI, Duke of Pomerania
(Griffins)
-11 November 138828 June 1406 Henry II
Coat of arms of Hesse.svg Margaret of Hesse Hermann II, Landgrave of Hesse
(Hesse)
138930 January 14093 December 1416
husband death
1446
Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png Cecilia of Brandenburg Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern)
140530 May 14231428
husband relinquish claim Lüneburg for Wolfenbüttel
4 January 1449 William III
In 1428, a second treaty between Bernard I and his nephews William III and Henry III. Bernard swapped Wolfenbüttel for Lüneburg.
Elisabeth of Eberstein Hermann V, Count of Eberstein before 1415142511 June 1434
husband's accession
27 May/1 June 1445
husband's death
10 February 1468 Otto IV
Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png Magdalena of Brandenburg Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern)
141216 September 143011 June 1434
husband's accession
27 October 1454 Frederick II
Blason Comte puis Duche de Holstein.svg Matilda of Holstein-Schauenburg Otto II, Count of Schauenburg-Pinneberg
(Schauenburg)
-14639 February 1464
husband's death
22 July 1468 Bernard II
Anna von Nassau-Dillenburg - 1460s portrait.jpg Anne of Nassau-Siegen John IV, Count of Nassau-Siegen
(Nassau)
144125 September 14679 January 1471
husband's death
8 April 1513 Otto V
MargareteSachsenLuneburg.JPG Margaret of Saxony Ernest, Elector of Saxony
(Wettin)
4 August 146927 February 14871520
husband's abdication
7 December 1528 Henry I
After Henry I's abdication, the Duchy passed to his three sons: Otto VI, Ernest I, and Francis I. In 1527, Otto VI married morganically, abdicating in Lüneburg and was compensated with his own domain, the Barony of Harburg. In 1539, the two remaining brothers divided the Duchy. Francis received Gifhorn while Ernest I remain in Lüneburg.
Sophie of Mecklenburg Henry V, Duke of Mecklenburg
(Mecklenburg)
1508152817 June 1541 Ernest I
Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png Elisabeth Magdalene of Brandenburg Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg
(Hohenzollern)
6 November 15375 February 155929 April 1559
husband's death
1 September 1595 Francis Otto
Translation Needed Ursula of Saxe-Lauenburg Francis I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg
(Ascania)
154515691569
relinquish Lüneburg for Dannenberg
22 October 1620 Henry III
Blason Danemark moderne.svg Dorothea of Denmark Christian III of Denmark
(Oldenburg)
29 June 154612 October 156120 August 1592
husband's death
6 January 1617 William VI
Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glucksburg.jpg Sophia Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg Philip, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
(Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg)
28 September 16369 October 165315 March 1665
husband's death
6 August 1689 Christian Louis
Eleonored'olbreuse.jpg Éléonore Desmier d'Olbreuse Alexandre Desmier, Seigneur d'Olbreuse 3 January 1639167628 August 1705
husband's death
5 February 1722 George William
On 7 September 1708, Lüneburg-Celle and Calenberg-Göttingen were combined to form the Electorate of Hanover. See:List of Hanoverian consorts for further consorts.

Harburg line

Harburg was a barony, not a duchy
PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame DuchessCeased to be DuchessDeathSpouse
Agnes of Meissen Albert II, Margrave of Meissen
(Aleramici)
before 12641282, before 21 July1291
husband compensated with Harburg
7 September 1322
husband's death
1 February/September 1332 Otto VI
Mechtilda.jpg Matilda of Brandenburg Albert II, Margrave of Brandenburg
(Wettin)
12103 November 18493 March 1862 Paul Frederick

Gifhorn line

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame DuchessCeased to be DuchessDeathSpouse
Clara Gifhorn.jpg Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg
(Ascania)
13 December 151829 September 154723 November 1549
husband's death
27 March 1576 Francis I
In 1549, Francis I died leaving only daughters and therefore Gifhorn reverted to the Lüneburg-Celle line.

Dannenberg line

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame DuchessCeased to be DuchessDeathSpouse
Translation Needed Ursula of Saxe-Lauenburg Francis I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg
(Ascania)
154515691569
Duchy partitioned, husband received Dannenberg
19 January 1598
husband's death
22 October 1620 Henry III
Arms of the house of Cirksena (1).svg Maria of Ostfriesland Edzard II, Count of Ostfriesland
(Cirksena)
1 May 158225 April 16149 July 1616 Julius Ernest
Brunswick-Luneburg Arms.svg Sybille of Brunswick-Lüneburg William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
(Welf)
3 June 158423 November 161719 January 1598
husband's death
5 August 1652
Dorothea von Anhalt-Zerbst (1607-1634).jpg Dorothea of Anhalt-Zerbst Rudolph, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst
(Ascania)
25 September 160726 October 162311 August 1634
husband inherits Wolfenbüttel
26 September 1634 Augustus II

Duchess of Brunswick

PictureNameFatherBirthMarriageBecame DuchessCeased to be DuchessDeath Spouse
Ducal throne was vacant from 1884 to 1913.
Victoria Luise Herzogin von Braunschweig-Luneburg.jpg Victoria Louise of Prussia Wilhelm II, German Emperor
(Hohenzollern)
13 September 189224 May 19131 November 1913
husband's accession
8 November 1918
husband's abdication
11 December 1980 Ernest Augustus

Sources