List of early Hindu–Muslim military conflicts in the Indian subcontinent

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The table below lists the early Hindu-Muslim military conflicts in the Indian subcontinent. [1]

MuslimHindu

( Color legend for aggressor)

YearAggressorLocationCommanderDetails
636Muslim Tanah, near Mumbai Caliph Umar Major Naval Raid [1] [2]
c. 643Muslim Debal Arabs invaded Debal at the mouth of the Indus river [3]
650MuslimZaranj Caliph Uthman City of Zabul occupied by Muslims [1]
660sMuslim Bust Ibn SamarahBust occupied; Kabul garrisoned [1]
670Hindu Kabul unknownHindus recapture Kabul [1]
680Hindu Kabul Ratbil, Yazid ibn ZiyadHindu raiding parties harass Muslims [1]
692Muslim Bust Abu Dulhah, RatbilBust retaken by Muslim expedition [1]
694Muslim Kabul Ibn Abi-Makrah, RatbilMajor Muslim siege fails to retake Kabul [1]
708Muslim Sijistan Qutaya ibn Muslim, RatbilMajor punitive raid against Ratbil [1]
710MuslimSri Lanka Al-Hajjaj Raid on island [1]
711Muslim Debal Ubaidullah, DahirUbaidullah killed by Dahir expedition failed [1]

-

712Muslim Debal Budail, Jaisiah (Hullishah)Budail was killed and many Arabs taken prisoners raja Dahir was the king at that time [1]
713Muslim Multan Muhammad ibn Qasim Islamic conquest of urban Sindh completed [1]
715HinduAlorHullishah, al-MuhallabHindu army retakes major city from Muslims. [1]
715HinduMehranHullishah, al-MuhallabMuslims stall the Hindu counter-offensive [1]
718HinduBrahmanabadhHullishah, al-MuhallabHindu attacks resume [1]
721MuslimBrahmanabadhal-Muhallab, HullishahHullishah becomes a Muslim, likely due to military reversals. [1]
725Muslim Avanti Nagabhata I Defeat of large expedition against Avanti. [1]
724-740Muslim Uzain, Mirmad, Dahnaj, othersJunayd of SindhRaiding India as part of Umayyad Hindu policy. [1]
740Muslim Chittor Mauray of Chittor Hindus repulse an Arab siege [1]
743Muslim al-Bailaman, al-Jurz JunaydAnnexed by Muslims. [1]
750Muslim Vallabhi Junayd of Sindh, Nagabhata I Pratihara capital sacked in Muslim raid. [1] [4] [5]
754-775Muslimar-Rukhraj, Kabul, Kandahar, Kashmir Caliph Al-Mansur Heavy raids and sieges but few annexations by Muslims [1]
778MuslimsBarabad Caliph Al-Mahdi Muslim amphibious assault annihilated. [1]
Late 770sMuslim Sijistan Caliph Al-Mahdi Raja of Sijistan made vassal of Caliphate. [1]
780-787MuslimFort Tharra, Bagar, BhaqmburHaji Abu TurabVigorous Muslim offensive captures several important Hindu outposts. [1]
786-791Muslim Kabul Caliph ar-Rashid Major Muslim siege effort fails. [1]
800-810HinduSindh border Nagabhata II, Caliph Al-Amin Several Muslim outposts fall to Pratihara incursions [1]
810-820Muslim Kabul Caliph Al-Ma'mun, Nagabhata II Kabul falls to Muslims, is then retaken by Hindus. [1]
820-830MuslimFort Sindanal-Fadl ibn MahanSindan captured, but Hindu riots make pacification of Sindh impossible. [1]
839HinduFort Sindan Mihira Bhoja Hindus expel Muslim garrison. [1]
845HinduYavanaDharmpalaMuslim principality becomes vassal of Pratiharas. [1]
845-860HinduPratihara-Sindh Mihira Bhoja Uneasy truce between Sindh and Rajputana. [1]
860HinduRajputana-SindhKokkalla IKalachuri raids into Sindh to finance war with Pratihara kingdom [1]
867Muslim Herat Yakub ibn Layth Saffarid conquest [1]
870Muslim Kabul Yakub ibn Layth, Lalliya Shahi Saffarid conquest [1]
880-900Muslim Sijistan Amr ibn Layth, Kamaluka ShahiFrequent raids by Muslims. [1]
903-905Hindu Kabul region Shahi dynastyDisintegration of Saffarids allows major Hindu military achievements. [1]
905-915Hindu Multan region Mahipala Pratihara Series of major but unsuccessful Hindu sieges of Multan. [1]
940-950Hindu Multan region Pratihara, Amir of Multan Evidences of war and reprisals prior to the Qarmatian take-over. [1]
c. 948-963Muslim Alptigin Punjab Alptigin of Ghazni plunders Punjab several times. [6]
963Muslim Alptigin, Anuk Lawik Fort Ghazni Muslims take fort from Hindus. [1]
965-973Muslim Lamghan Sabuktigin Heavy raiding [1]
973Hindu Ghazna Sabuktigin Defeat of Hindu expedition. [1]
973-991Muslim Lamghan Sabuktigin, Jayapala Long series of engagements, eventual Muslim annexation of Lamghan [1]
1001Muslim Peshawar Mahmud, Jayapala Defeat of major Hindu confederation. [1]
1004Muslim Bhera Mahmud, Bijay RayMuslims annex city [1]
1005–1006Muslim Multan Mahmud, Fateh Daud Siege successful, Daud agrees to pay tribute to Mahmud [1]
1005–1008Muslim Punjab Mahmud, Anandapala Enormous devastation by Muslim raids. [1]
1009Muslim Nagarkot Mahmud City razed [1]
1009Muslim Ohind Mahmud, Anandapala Ghaznavid victory [1]
1013MuslimNandanah Mahmud, Trilochanpala City taken [1]
1014HinduTosi river Mahmud, Trilochanpala Muslims halted [1]
1015MuslimLohkot (Lahore) Mahmud Unsuccessful Muslim siege [1]
1018Muslim Kannauj and Baran Mahmud Two major Hindu capitals surrounded. [1]
1021MuslimLohkot (Lahore) Mahmud Second siege also fails [1]
1022Muslim Fort Gwalior Mahmud, NandaFort taken [1]
1022MuslimFort Kalanjara Mahmud, NandaChandela fort stalls Muslim advance. [1]
1025Muslim Somnath Mahmud City taken. [1]
1027MuslimIndus Valley Mahmud, JatsGhaznavid victory [1]
1033MuslimSaraswa, near Saharanpur MasudGhaznavid siege successful [1]
1033Muslim Varanasi Ahmed Nialtigin, Gangeyadeva Major raid [1] [7]
1037MuslimHansi (near Delhi)MasudGhaznavid victory [1]
1040Muslim Thanesar Mahmud, Tomara dynastyMajor city taken. [1]
1044Hindu Thanesar, Hansi, Kangra Mahipal of DelhiGrand counter offensive recaptures some ground. [1]
1049Muslim Thanesar, Hansi, Kangra Bu'Ali HasanMahipal forced to give up some reconquests [1]
1052Muslim Fort Kangra Nushtigin Ghazni, MahipalaRetaken by Muslims. [1]
1060–1075MuslimRupal, Ajudhan, Buria, Sirhind, Dhangan, Fort DarahSultan IbrahimMuslim conquests. [1]
1079–1081Muslim Navsari Ibrahim.Muslims stall. [1]
1084–1094MuslimBeyond Ganges.Mahmud ibn IbrahimPowerful but valueless expeditionary probe [1]
1099–1115Muslim Kannauj Hajib Tughatigin, Madanachandra Massive raids and sieges after Hindu reconquest bring many marginal victories but Kannauj remains in the hands of the Hindu garrison. [1]
1120–1124MuslimNagaurMuhammed BahlimMassive penetration raid 300 miles south of Lahore. [1]
1160–1175HinduDhillika, Asika, Aryavarta Vigraharaja Major successes in counter-offensive [1]
1170Hindu Kannauj Jayachandra Hindus retake Kannauj [1]
1170Muslim Multan Ghuri, Muslim ruler of MultanGhurid victory [1]
1178MuslimNahrwalah Ghuri Siege fails [1]
1178Muslim Kayadara Ghuri, Mularaja II Major defeat for Ghurids [1]
1179MuslimNadol Ghuri Major fort taken. [1]
1182Muslim Ghuri UnknownMuslims halted.
1186Muslim Lahore Ghuri Ghurids take Lahore from the Ghaznavids. [1]
1191MuslimTabarhindah Ghuri, Rai Kolah PithoraMuslim victory ends Cahamen dynasty [1] [ clarification needed ]
1191Muslim Tarain Ghuri, Prithviraj Chauhan Chauhan victory [1]
1191Muslim Tarain Ghuri, Prithviraj Chauhan Chauhan victory [1]
1192Muslim Tarain Ghuri, Prithviraj Chauhan Ghurid victory [1]
1192Muslim Tarain Ghuri, Prithviraj Chauhan Ghurid victory [1]
1193Muslim Chandawar Ghuri, Jaichand Ghurid victory. [1]
1202Muslim Fort Kalinjar Qutb al-Din, Rai ParmarFall of the fort ends independent Hindu dynasties of Kannauj [1]
1203Muslim Mahoba Qutb al-DinCapital of Kalpi province falls. [1]
1205Muslim Brahmaputra area Muhammad ibn Bakhtyar Major Muslim expedition to Tibet a failure. [1]
1205Hindu Fort Kalinjar Chandelas Fort recaptured. [1]
1205HinduBetween Lahore and Multan Ghurid, Khokhars Khokar rebellion put down by Ghurids [1]

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