List of musical instruments by Hornbostel–Sachs number: 32

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This is a list of instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number, covering those instruments that are classified under 32 under that system. This category includes all string instruments in which the resonator cannot be removed without resulting in the destruction of the instrument, labelled as composite chordophones.

Contents

3 : Instruments in which sound is produced by one or more vibrating strings (chordophones, string instruments).
32 : Instruments in which the resonator and string bearer are physically united and can not be separated without destroying the instrument
321 : Instruments in which the strings run in a plane parallel to the sound table (lutes)
321.1 : Instruments in which each string has its own flexible carrier (bow lutes)
321.2 : Instruments in which the string is attached to a yoke that consists of a cross-bar and two arms, with the yoke lying in the same plane as the sound-table (lyres or yoke lutes )
321.21 : Instruments in which the resonator is bowl-shaped, either carved or natural
321.22 : Instruments in which the resonator is a built-up wooden box
321.3 : Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle (handle lutes)
321.31 : Instruments in which the handle passes diametrically through or over the resonator (spike lutes)
321.311 : Instrument with a resonator made from a bowl, either natural or carved (spike bowl lutes)
321.312 : Instruments in which the resonator is in the form of a box (spike box lutes, spike guitars)
321.313 : Instrument in which the handle passes diametrically through the walls of a tube (where the depth of the body exceeds the radius of the membrane) (spike tube lutes)
321.314 : Instrument in which the handle passes diametrically through the walls of a circular frame (where the depth of the body does not exceed the radius of the membrane). (spike frame lutes)
321.32 : Instrument in which the handle is attached to, or carved from, the resonator, like a neck (necked lutes)
321.321 : Instrument whose body is shaped like a bowl (necked bowl lutes)
321.322 : Instrument whose body is shaped like a box (necked box lutes)
321.33 : Instrument in which the handle extends into but does not pass completely through the resonator (tanged lutes)
321.331 : Instrument whose body is shaped like a bowl (tanged bowl lutes)
322 : Instrument whose strings are at right angles to the sound table, such that a line between the lower tips of the strings would point at the neck (harps)
322.1 : Instrument without a pillar (open harps)
322.11 : Instrument has a neck that curves away from the resonator (arched harp)
322.12 : Instrument has a neck that sharply angles away from the resonator (angular harps)
322.2 : Instrument has a pillar (frame harps)
322.21 : Instrument has no tuning action
322.211 : Instrument is diatonic
322.212 : Instrument is chromatic
322.212.1 : Instrument has strings in one plane
322.212.2 : Instrument has strings in two planes which cross each other
322.22 : Instrument has tuning action
322.221 : Instrument can be tuned with hand levers
322.222 : Instrument can be tuned with pedal-operated levers


323 : Instrument has strings that lay at right angles to the sound table, so that a line joining the lower tips of the strings would be perpendicular to the neck, and the instrument has a notched bridge.

These instruments may be classified with a suffix, based on how the strings are caused to vibrate.

List

321. Lutes

322. Harps

323. Harp lutes

Undefined

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">String instrument</span> Class of musical instruments with vibrating strings

In musical instrument classification, string instruments or chordophones, are musical instruments that produce sound from vibrating strings when a performer plays or sounds the strings in some manner.

Hornbostel–Sachs or Sachs–Hornbostel is a system of musical instrument classification devised by Erich Moritz von Hornbostel and Curt Sachs, and first published in the Zeitschrift für Ethnologie in 1914. An English translation was published in the Galpin Society Journal in 1961. It is the most widely used system for classifying musical instruments by ethnomusicologists and organologists. The system was updated in 2011 as part of the work of the Musical Instrument Museums Online (MIMO) Project.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plucked string instrument</span> Subcategory of string instruments

Plucked string instruments are a subcategory of string instruments that are played by plucking the strings. Plucking is a way of pulling and releasing the string in such a way as to give it an impulse that causes the string to vibrate. Plucking can be done with either a finger or a plectrum.

Yoke lutes, commonly called lyres, are a class of string instruments, subfamily of lutes, indicated with the code 321.2 in the Hornbostel–Sachs classification.

References

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