The Almanach de Gotha is a directory of Europe's royalty and higher nobility, also including the major governmental, military and diplomatic corps, as well as statistical data by country. First published in 1763 by C. W. Ettinger in Gotha in Thuringia, Germany at the ducal court of Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, it came to be regarded as an authority in the classification of monarchies and their courts, reigning and former dynasties, princely and ducal families, and the genealogical, biographical and titulary details of Europe's highest level of aristocracy. It was published from 1785 annually by Justus Perthes Publishing House in Gotha, until 1944. The Soviets destroyed the Almanach de Gotha's archives in 1945.
The Volksraad of the South African Republic was the parliament of the former South African Republic (ZAR), it existed from 1840 to 1877, and from 1881 to 1902 in part of what is now South Africa. The body ceased to exist after the British Empire's victory in the Second Anglo-Boer War. The Volksraad sat in session in Ou Raadsaal in Church Square, Pretoria.
Jules Charles Victurnien de Noailles, 7th Duke of Noailles, was a French aristocrat.
The unicameral Assembly of the Union of the Comoros is the country's legislative body. It was established in 2004.
The Vilayet of Erzurum was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire.
The Chamber of Deputies is the lower house of Haiti's bicameral legislature, the Haitian Parliament. The upper house of the Haitian Parliament is the Senate of Haiti. The Chamber has 119 members who are elected by popular vote to four-year terms. There are no term limits for Deputies; they may be re-elected indefinitely.
The National Assembly is the lower house of the National Legislature of Sudan. The legislature was unicameral until 2005. The upper house is the Council of States.
Maria Beccadelli di Bologna, Marchesa di Altavilla, Principessa di Camporeale, married Princess Maria von Bülow, was first married to Count Karl von Dönhoff they later got divorced and she became the wife of Prince Bernhard von Bülow, the Chancellor of Germany.
The Eyalet of Bosnia, was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire, mostly based on the territory of the present-day state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Prior to the Great Turkish War, it had also included most of Slavonia, Lika, and Dalmatia in present-day Croatia. Its reported area in 1853 was 52,530 square kilometres (20,281 sq mi).
The Erzurum Eyalet was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire. It was established after the conquest of Western Armenia by the Ottoman Empire. Its reported area in the 19th century was 11,463 square miles (29,690 km2).
The Eyalet of Adrianople or Edirne or Çirmen was constituted from parts of the eyalets of Silistra and Rumelia in 1826.
The Transitional Council of States is the upper house of the National Legislature of South Sudan. It was established in 2011 by the interim constitution of South Sudan 2011.
Damascus Eyalet was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire. Its reported area in the 19th century was 51,900 square kilometres (20,020 sq mi). It became an eyalet after the Ottomans took it from the Mamluks following the 1516–1517 Ottoman–Mamluk War. Janbirdi al-Ghazali, a Mamluk traitor, was made the first beylerbey of Damascus. The Damascus Eyalet was one of the first Ottoman provinces to become a vilayet after an administrative reform in 1865, and by 1867 it had been reformed into the Syria Vilayet.
Philippe Anne Louis Marie Dieudonné Jean d'Albert, 11th Duke of Luynes was a French aristocrat who became the Duke of Luynes at the age of nineteen and held the title until his death in 1993.
Prince Louis Napoléon Achille Charles Murat, also known as Napoléon Akhilovich Murat, was a French-Georgian military officer. A member of the House of Murat and direct descendant of Caroline Bonaparte, sister of Napoleon, he was first commissioned in the French Army but spent most of his military career in the Imperial Russian Army, rising to the rank of major general.
Prince Louis Léopold Charles Marie André Poniatowski, was a Polish nobleman, member of the House of Poniatowski who became a prominent French financier and industrialist.
Count Rodolphe-Auguste Louis Maurice d'Ornano was a French aristocrat and politician during the Second French Empire.
Anne-Louis-Fernand de Rohan-Chabot, 9th Duke of Rohan, Prince of Léon from 1820 to 1833, was a Peer of France who served as aide-de-camp to the Duke of Berry, then squire of the Duke of Bordeaux, before he himself was made Maréchal de camp. He was awarded as a Commander of the Legion of Honour, Knight of Saint-Louis and of the Military Merit Order of Bavaria.
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