| MAL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Aliases | MAL , mal, T-cell differentiation protein, mal, T cell differentiation protein, MVP17, VIP17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 188860; MGI: 892970; HomoloGene: 7827; GeneCards: MAL; OMA:MAL - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Myelin and lymphocyte protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAL gene. [5]
The protein encoded by this gene is a highly hydrophobic integral membrane protein belonging to the MAL family of proteolipids. The protein has been localized to the endoplasmic reticulum of T-cells and is a candidate linker protein in T-cell signal transduction. In addition, this proteolipid is localized in compact myelin of cells in the nervous system and has been implicated in myelin biogenesis and/or function. The protein plays a role in the formation, stabilization and maintenance of glycosphingolipid-enriched membrane microdomains. Alternative splicing produces four transcript variants which vary from each other by the presence or absence of alternatively spliced exons 2 and 3. [5] The MAL protein is also thought to interact with the protein encoded by LSMEM1 based on two-hybrid screening. [6]
Myelin basic protein (MBP) is a protein believed to be important in the process of myelination of nerves in the nervous system. The myelin sheath is a multi-layered membrane, unique to the nervous system, that functions as an insulator to greatly increase the velocity of axonal impulse conduction. MBP maintains the correct structure of myelin, interacting with the lipids in the myelin membrane.
The CD44 antigen is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell–cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. In humans, the CD44 antigen is encoded by the CD44 gene on chromosome 11. CD44 has been referred to as HCAM, Pgp-1, Hermes antigen, lymphocyte homing receptor, ECM-III, and HUTCH-1.
Caveolin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CAV3 gene. Alternative splicing has been identified for this locus, with inclusion or exclusion of a differentially spliced intron. In addition, transcripts utilize multiple polyA sites and contain two potential translation initiation sites.
Lamina-associated polypeptide 2 (LAP2), isoforms beta/gamma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMPO gene. LAP2 is an inner nuclear membrane (INM) protein.
Proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1) is a form of myelin proteolipid protein (PLP). Mutations in PLP1 are associated with Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease. It is a 4 transmembrane domain protein which is proposed to bind other copies of itself on the extracellular side of the membrane. In a myelin sheath, as the layers of myelin wraps come together, PLP will bind itself and tightly hold the cellular membranes together.
Leukosialin also known as sialophorin or CD43 is a transmembrane cell surface protein that in humans is encoded by the SPN (sialophorin) gene.
Peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22), also called Growth arrest-specific protein 3 (GAS-3), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PMP22 gene. Mutations in PMP22 cause changes in the expression of peripheral myelin protein 22 which can result in several neuropathies.
V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V0C gene.
V-type proton ATPase 21 kDa proteolipid subunit is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V0B gene.
Legumain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LGMN gene.
Protein MAL2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAL2 gene.
Myelin transcription factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYT1 gene.
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase O is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRO gene.
MAL-like protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MALL gene.
Cluster of differentiation CD79A also known as B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein alpha chain and MB-1 membrane glycoprotein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD79A gene.
CD79b molecule, immunoglobulin-associated beta, also known as CD79B, is a human gene.
Caveolin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CAV2 gene.
T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain, is a protein encoded by CD8A gene.
2′,3′-Cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CNP gene.
Nicole Schaeren-Wiemers is a Swiss neurobiologist with a focus on myelin. She is research group leader at the Department of Research (DBM) and lecturer for neurobiology at the University of Basel.
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