MOTS-c

Last updated
MOTS-c
MOTS-c structure.png
Identifiers
  • (4S)-4-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-5-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-6-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(1S)-4-carbamimidamido-1-carboxybutyl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamoyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
CAS Number
PubChem CID
Chemical and physical data
Formula C101H152N28O22S2
Molar mass 2174.62 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)C(=O)N3CCC[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC5=CNC6=CC=CC=C65)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)N
  • InChI=1S/C101H152N28O22S2/c1-7-57(4)83(96(148)126-76(50-58-19-9-8-10-20-58)92(144)127-78(52-60-30-34-63(131)35-31-60)97(149)129-46-18-27-79(129)95(147)122-69(25-16-44-112-100(107)108)86(138)118-67(23-13-14-42-102)87(139)124-74(49-56(2)3)91(143)123-73(98(150)151)26-17-45-113-101(109)110)128-94(146)75(51-59-28-32-62(130)33-29-59)116-81(133)55-115-85(137)72(41-48-153-6)121-90(142)71(37-39-82(134)135)119-89(141)70(36-38-80(104)132)120-93(145)77(53-61-54-114-66-22-12-11-21-64(61)66)125-88(140)68(24-15-43-111-99(105)106)117-84(136)65(103)40-47-152-5/h8-12,19-22,28-35,54,56-57,65,67-79,83,114,130-131H,7,13-18,23-27,36-53,55,102-103H2,1-6H3,(H2,104,132)(H,115,137)(H,116,133)(H,117,136)(H,118,138)(H,119,141)(H,120,145)(H,121,142)(H,122,147)(H,123,143)(H,124,139)(H,125,140)(H,126,148)(H,127,144)(H,128,146)(H,134,135)(H,150,151)(H4,105,106,111)(H4,107,108,112)(H4,109,110,113)/t57-,65-,67-,68-,69-,70-,71-,72-,73-,74-,75-,76-,77-,78-,79-,83-/m0/s1
  • Key:WYTHCOXVWRKRAH-LOKRTKBUSA-N

MOTS-c (mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c) is a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded in mitochondrial DNA, with the amino acid sequence MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR. [1] It is believed to be involved in regulating metabolism of glucose by skeletal muscle tissue. It is upregulated in response to exercise, and is considered an exercise mimetic, as well as having other potential medical applications. [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

MOTS-c binds to casein kinase 2. [9]

Society and culture

Researchers discovered MOTS-c in 2015. [10]

MOTS-c is not approved to treat any medical condition and is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency, explicitly beginning in 2024. [11]

References

  1. ↑ Lee C, Zeng J, Drew BG, Sallam T, Martin-Montalvo A, Wan J, Kim SJ, Mehta H, Hevener AL, de Cabo R, Cohen P. The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance. Cell Metab. 2015 Mar 3;21(3):443-54. doi : 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.02.009 PMID   25738459
  2. ↑ Lee, Changhan; Kim, Kyung Hwa; Cohen, Pinchas (1 November 2016). "MOTS-c: A novel mitochondrial-derived peptide regulating muscle and fat metabolism". Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 100: 182–187. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.05.015. ISSN   0891-5849. PMC   5116416 . PMID   27216708.
  3. ↑ Dieli-Conwright, Christina M.; Sami, Nathalie; Norris, Mary K.; Wan, Junxiang; Kumagai, Hiroshi; Kim, Su-Jeong; Cohen, Pinchas (19 August 2021). "Effect of aerobic and resistance exercise on the mitochondrial peptide MOTS-c in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White breast cancer survivors". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 16916. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1116916D. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-96419-z. ISSN   2045-2322. PMC   8376922 . PMID   34413391.
  4. ↑ Gao Y, Wei X, Wei P, Lu H, Zhong L, Tan J, Liu H, Liu Z. MOTS-c Functionally Prevents Metabolic Disorders. Metabolites. 2023 Jan 13;13(1):125. doi : 10.3390/metabo13010125 {{doi}}: unflagged free DOI (link) PMID   36677050
  5. ↑ Kal S, Mahata S, Jati S, Mahata SK. Mitochondrial-derived peptides: Antidiabetic functions and evolutionary perspectives. Peptides. 2024 Feb;172:171147. doi : 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171147 PMID   38160808
  6. ↑ Thakur R, Chauhan A, Moudgil H, Singh S, Devi R. Mitochondrial-Derived Peptides: Implication in the Therapy of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol. 2025 Jul 26. doi : 10.1007/s12035-025-05198-5 PMID   40715951
  7. ↑ Tero-Vescan A, Degens H, Matsakas A, Ștefănescu R, Ősz BE, Slevin M. Exercise-Induced Muscle-Fat Crosstalk: Molecular Mediators and Their Pharmacological Modulation for the Maintenance of Metabolic Flexibility in Aging. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2025 Aug 19;18(8):1222. doi : 10.3390/ph18081222 {{doi}}: unflagged free DOI (link) PMID   40872612
  8. ↑ Ran Y, Guo Z, Zhang L, Li H, Zhang X, Guan X, Cui X, Chen H, Cheng M. Mitochondria‑derived peptides: Promising microproteins in cardiovascular diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep. 2025 May;31(5):127. doi : 10.3892/mmr.2025.13492 PMID   40084698
  9. ↑ Kumagai, Hiroshi; Kim, Su-Jeong; Miller, Brendan; Natsume, Toshiharu; Lee, Shin Hyung; Sato, Ayaka; Ramirez, Ricardo; Wan, Junxiang; Mehta, Hemal H; Yen, Kelvin; Cohen, Pinchas (May 2023). "Casein kinase 2 is a direct binding partner and a functional target of the exercise-mimetic microprotein MOTS-c". Physiology. 38 (S1). doi:10.1152/physiol.2023.38.S1.5725846. ISSN   1548-9213. S2CID   258979715.
  10. ↑ Wan, Wei; Zhang, Lieliang; Lin, Yue; Rao, Xiuqing; Wang, Xifeng; Hua, Fuzhou; Ying, Jun (2023). "Mitochondria-derived peptide MOTS-c: effects and mechanisms related to stress, metabolism and aging". Journal of Translational Medicine. 21 (1): 36. doi: 10.1186/s12967-023-03885-2 . PMC   9854231 . PMID   36670507.
  11. ↑ "Explanation of Key Changes on the 2024 WADA Prohibited List". 13 October 2023. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.