Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election, 1990

Maharashtra State Assembly Elections 1990
All 288 assembly constituencies to Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
Chief Minister before election; Sharad Pawar ; INC	Elected Chief Minister ; Sharad Pawar ; INC

Last updated April 21, 2019

The Maharashtra State Assembly election, 1990 was held in Maharashtra, India in 1990, to elect 288 members of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.^[1]

Maharashtra is a state in the western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan plateau. It is the second-most populous state and third-largest state by area in India. Spread over 307,713 km² (118,809 sq mi), it is bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west, the Indian states of Karnataka and Goa to the south, Telangana and Chhattisgarh to the east, Gujarat and Dadra and Nagar Haveli to the north west, and Madhya Pradesh to the north. It is also the world's second-most populous subnational entity. It was formed by merging the western and south-western parts of the Bombay State, Berar and Vidarbha, and the north-western parts of the Hyderabad State and splitting Saurashtra by the States Reorganisation Act. It has over 112 million inhabitants and its capital, Mumbai, has a population around 18 million making it the most populous urban area in India. Nagpur hosts the winter session of the state legislature. Pune is known as 'Oxford of the East' due to the presence of several well-known educational institutions.

India, also known as the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh largest country by area and with more than 1.3 billion people, it is the second most populous country as well as the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.

The Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha or the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly is the lower house of the legislature of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is situated in the Nariman Point area of South Mumbai in the capital Mumbai. Presently, 288 members of the Legislative Assembly are directly elected from the single-seat constituencies and one member is nominated. The members of the upper house, the Maharashtra Vidhan Parishad are indirectly elected through an electoral college.

Results

Indian National Congress won the most number of seats.^[1]

The Indian National Congress(pronunciation ) is a broadly based political party in India. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement. Congress led India to independence from Great Britain, and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.

Political Party	No. of candidates	No. of elected	Votes polled	Votes (%)	Seat change
Indian National Congress	276	141	11,334,773	38.17%	20
Shiv Sena	183	52	4,733,834	15.94%	52
Bharatiya Janata Party	104	42	3,180,482	10.71%	26
Janata Dal	214	24	3,776,737	12.72%	24
Peasants and Workers Party of India	40	8	719,807	2.42%	5
Communist Party of India (Marxist)	13	3	258,433	0.87%	1
Communist Party of India	16	2	219,080	0.74%
Indian Congress (Socialist) – Sarat Chandra Sinha	71	1	290,503	0.98%	1
Independents	2286	13	4,036,403	13.59%	7

According to journalist Makarand Gadgil, 1990 election was a "watershed election in Maharashtra’s politics". Because, the right-wing BJP and Shiv Sena emerged as the major opposition for the first time winning 94 seats. Whereas until 1990 election, various left-wing parties like the Peasants and Workers Party, Indian National Congress (Socialist), Janata Party, Janata Dal, Republican Party of India, Communist Party of India and Communist Party of India (Marxist) were the main opposition. These parties won 38 seats in the 1990 election. They won only 8 seats in the 2009 Assembly election showing that their decline has continued.^[2]

The Bharatiya Janata Party is one of the two major political parties in India, along with the Indian National Congress. As of 2018, it is the country's largest political party in terms of representation in the national parliament and state assemblies, and it is the world's largest party in terms of primary membership. BJP is a right-wing party, and its policy has historically reflected Hindu nationalist positions. It has close ideological and organisational links to the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS).

Shiv Sena, is a Marathi regional and Hindu nationalist political organisation in India founded on 19 June 1966 by political cartoonist Bal Thackeray. The party originally emerged from a movement in Mumbai demanding preferential treatment for Maharashtrians over migrants to the city. It is currently headed by Thackeray's son, Uddhav Thackeray. Members of Shiv Sena are referred to as Shivsainiks.

Peasants and Workers Party was a political party in Greece. The party was allied with the Party of Democratic Socialism (KODISO), the party contested the 1981 parliamentary election on a joint ticket with KODISO. The KODISO-KAE ticket got 40,126 votes (0.71%). The alliance did however fare much better in the European Parliament election, where it got 241,666 votes (4.26%).

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Elections in Maharashtra, a state in India, are conducted in accordance with the Constitution of India. The Assembly of Maharashtra creates laws regarding the conduct of local body elections unilaterally while any changes by the state legislature to the conduct of state level elections need to be approved by the Parliament of India. In addition, the state legislature may be dismissed by the Parliament according to Article 356 of the Indian Constitution and President's rule may be imposed.

Elections for the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly in Uttarakhand state, India are conducted in accordance with the Constitution of India. The Assembly of Uttarakhand creates laws regarding the conduct of local body elections unilaterally while any changes by the state legislature to the conduct of state level elections need to be approved by the Parliament of India. In addition, the state legislature may be dismissed by the Parliament according to Article 356 of the Indian Constitution and President's rule may be imposed.

Digambar Vinayak Purohit, alias Nana Purohit or Nanasaheb Purohit, was an Indian socialist politician and freedom fighter from Mahad, Kolaba region. Purohit led militant struggles during the struggle for Indian Independence, and was a long-time parliamentarian.

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References

1 2 "Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra, Election Commission of India".Missing or empty |url= (help)Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra, Election Commission of India ()
↑ Gadgil, Makarand (1 September 2014). "Opinion". Mint. Retrieved 20 July 2018.

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[pdf-1] 1 2 "Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra, Election Commission of India".Missing or empty |url= (help)Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra, Election Commission of India ()

[2] Gadgil, Makarand (1 September 2014). "Opinion". Mint. Retrieved 20 July 2018.

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