On April 27, 2017, a scandal arose when a team from the Commission of Human Rights (CHR) raided the Manila Police District (MPD) station 1 in Tondo, Manila, Philippines and discovered that about 12 men and women were being detained inside a cell hidden behind a bookshelf. It was reported that these prisoners inside the said cell were being held by the police allegedly to be released only upon payment of ransom. [1] [2]
On April 27, 2017, the Commission of Human Rights-NCR (CHR-NCR) team, led by Chief Gilbert Boiser, raid the Manila Police District station and discovered the so-called 'hidden jail', measuring five-feet wide, behind the bookshelf, which contained about 12 prisoners and it was poorly ventilated—except for an exhaust fan. [3] CHR spokesperson Jacqueline de Guia told the Philippine Star "that the commission confirmed that 12 people have been detained for at least 10 days without the filing of charges." [3] The officials insisted that they are still processing the detainees' arrest notifications and refused the requests of freeing the detainees by the CHR. [4]
As a result, MPD station commander Supt. Robert Domingo and other 12 officers were relieved temporarily from his post on April 28. [1] Domingo denied the allegations and said the area "is only a “holding room” of the station's drug enforcement unit." [5] He also said that the 12 individuals were arrested during their operation on early morning of April 27 for possession of illegal drugs. [5] President Rodrigo Duterte vowed to look into the secret jail, in his interview in Malacañang on April 28, along with Philippine National Police chief Ronald "Bato" dela Rosa. [6]
The MPD jail cell was not the first such secret police detention cell discovered in the Philippines. In January 2014, Amnesty International reported the discovery of a secret torture cell in a police intelligence facility in Biñan, Laguna where officers allegedly routinely tortured 44 inmates for fun in a game of roulette. [7] The Commission on Human Rights which raided the facility discovered the ‘torture roulette’ table which had markings indicating the kind of torture to be used on the detainees. [8] The detainees of the Biñan secret cell, most of which were arrested on drugs-related cases, complained of being physically abused to force them to give information. They also accused 10 police officers of extortion. Amnesty International called on the administration of then President Benigno Aquino III to put an end to routine torture in police facilities and for the errant personnel to not just be suspended, but also be held accountable in a court of law. [7]
Some detainees claimed that the police demanded between P30,000 to P100,000 from them in exchange of their release. [2] Others claimed that they were being tortured. [9] One of the detainees inside the secret jail, a woman, in an interview of DZMM-AM, said that one of the police demanded her a P50,000, in exchange of her release, after she is being accused of involvement in an illegal drug trade despite the lack of evidence against her. [10]
On April 28, international non-government organization Human Rights Watch (HRW) condemned the anti-drug campaign by Duterte amid the discovery of the secret jail at the MPD station 1. [11] HRW also urged the Philippine government for immediately release of 12 detainees. [12]
National Capital Region police chief Director Oscar Albayalde stated that the hidden jail was "purposefully used as a staging area." and the purpose of this was unclear. [13] Dela Rosa criticizes the CHR for visiting the station and defended the police, stating that "as long as cops were not corrupt and abusive." [14] [15] Albayalde thanked the CHR for "taking time to inspect the detention cells of our stations so that they're able to see the real condition of these facilities." [16]
Senate minority leader Franklin Drilon urged the Philippine National Police (PNP) leadership to prosecute instead of defending the police officers behind the secret jail. [17] On April 30, Senator Panfilo Lacson stated, in his Twitter account, that defending the secret jail is "incomprehensible" and "it is also very arrogant." [18] On May 2, Senator Bam Aquino sought for a Senate investigation into the secret jail cell. [19] Aquino also criticized dela Rosa who defended the police officers over the jail cell, stating it encourages a “culture of impunity.” [19]
The Philippine National Police is the armed national police force in the Philippines. Its national headquarters is located at Camp Crame in Bagong Lipunan ng Crame, Quezon City. Currently, it has approximately 228,000 personnel to police a population in excess of 100 million.
The Manila Police District (MPD) is the agency of the Philippine National Police (PNP) responsible for law enforcement in the City of Manila including the Manila South Cemetery exclave. Formerly known as the Western Police District (WPD), the MPD is under the National Capital Region Police Office (NCRPO), which also handles the Quezon City, Eastern, Northern and Southern Police Districts.
2017 in the Philippines details events of note that happened in the Philippines in 2017.
Ronald Marapon dela Rosa, also known as Bato, is a Filipino politician and retired police officer who is currently serving as a senator of the Philippines since 2019. He served under the Duterte administration as the chief of the Philippine National Police from July 1, 2016, to April 19, 2018, overseeing the government's anti-drug campaign; he also served as the Director General of the Bureau of Corrections from April 30 to October 12, 2018.
The Philippine drug war, known as the War on Drugs, is the intensified anti-drug campaign of the administration of President Rodrigo Duterte, who served office from June 30, 2016, to June 30, 2022. The campaign reduced drug proliferation in the country, but has been marred by extrajudicial killings allegedly perpetrated by the police and unknown assailants. An estimated 7,742 civilians have been killed in "anti-drug operations" carried out by the government and its supporters between 2016 and 2021.
Rolando Rosal Espinosa, the mayor of Albuera, Leyte, died on November 5, 2016, at the Baybay City Provincial Jail. He was detained at the jail due to his arrest for illegal drug possession in October 2016. According to the Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG), Espinosa was killed during a shootout that he initiated when the CIDG came to the jail to serve him a search warrant. Espinosa's death occurred amid allegations that he was involved in the drug trade by President Rodrigo Duterte, who initiated the Philippine Drug War intending to kill criminals using or distributing drugs. The Commission on Human Rights and Karapatan have held Duterte accountable for Espinosa's death, with Senate condemning the death as an instance of extrajudicial killing.
Jee Ick-Joo was a South Korean businessman kidnapped by two policemen and later found dead on October 18, 2016, within the grounds of Camp Crame, the headquarters of the Philippine National Police (PNP). A funeral parlor cremated his remains and flushed his ashes down a toilet.
Protests against Former President Rodrigo Duterte escalated on November 18, 2016, following Duterte's support of the burial of the late president Ferdinand Marcos. These series of protests are mostly conducted by progressive groups and other opposing figures mainly due to the ongoing war on drugs, the declaration of martial law in Mindanao, and employment issues such as contractual terms being applied by companies and inflation which occurred due to the passage of the Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law. Other causes of the protests include the government's response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the country, the passage of the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020, and the shutdown and franchise denial of ABS-CBN.
At dawn of Sunday, July 30, 2017, Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG) and the Ozamiz City police conducted a simultaneous raid in the house of the Parojinogs in Ozamiz and other associated properties, leaving 15 persons killed, including incumbent Mayor Reynaldo Parojinog and his wife. Another member of the Parojinog family died in the hospital three days after the raid. Parojinog is the third mayor to be killed during the course of country's war on drugs after Rolando Espinosa of Albuera, Leyte eight months prior and Samsudin Dimaukom of Datu Saudi-Ampatuan, Maguindanao nine months prior.
Kian delos Santos, Carl Arnaiz and Reynaldo de Guzman were three teenagers who were killed on August 16 to 18, 2017, during the course of the Philippine drug war.
2019 in the Philippines details events of note that have occurred in the Philippines in 2019.
Oscar David Albayalde is a retired Filipino police officer who served as the Chief of the Philippine National Police from April 2018 until his optional retirement in October 2019.
The Sagay massacre occurred when a group of gunmen shot and killed nine sugarcane farmers, including four women and two children, while they were eating dinner in a makeshift tent on a farm in Sagay, Negros Occidental, on October 20, 2018. The farmers were members of the National Federation of Sugar Workers (NFSW), and the massacre may have been motivated by ongoing conflicts over land reform in the Philippines.
Since September 2018, allegations of an ouster plot against Rodrigo Duterte, the President of the Philippines, have been publicized by the military, who mainly implicated opposition figures and critics of the Duterte administration of involving in the plot. Several opposition groups who have been tagged heavily criticized their inclusion and subsequently denied the involvement in the plots.
The Negros killings were a series of targeted assassinations carried out by unidentified gunmen in the provinces of Negros Oriental and Negros Occidental in the Philippines. Some of the victims involved were suspected Communists or sympathizers. Following the killings, Memorandum Order No. 32 was signed by Executive Secretary Salvador Medialdea on November 23, 2018, upon the orders of President Rodrigo Duterte deploying additional troops to the provinces of Negros Oriental, Negros Occidental, Samar, and the Bicol Region to "suppress sporadic acts of violence" allegedly committed by lawless groups and to "prevent such violence from spreading and escalating elsewhere in the country." Even after the memorandum was signed, the incidence of killings continued. According to the Defend Negros Movement, the first recorded extrajudicial killing on Negros Island was Alexander Ceballos on January 20, 2017. The group also alleged that at least 84 persons have been killed since 2017.
Ninja cops, or narco cops, is a term that was popularized at the height of the Philippine drug war, which began during the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte in 2016. It refers to a label used to refer to police personnel who are alleged to be involved in the illegal drug trade themselves by reselling portion of the contraband seized in anti drug operations.
River Nasino was a Filipino infant who died in a Manila hospital after suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome while her mother Reina Mae Nasino was detained for illegal possession of firearms and explosives. The baby's death sparked condemnation from progressive groups due to the police handling involved during the baby's funeral and burial.
Vicente "Vic" Dupa Danao Jr. is a Retired Filipino law enforcement officer and former Commander of Area Police Command-Western Mindanao. Danao has been with the Philippine National Police for over 29 years and has served as Officer-in-Charge of the Philippine National Police from May to August 2022, Deputy Chief for Operations, Chief of the National Capital Region Police Office from 2020 until 2022, deputy director for operations of the Criminal Investigation and Detection Group, as task force commander under the Inter-Agency Committee on Anti-Illegal Drugs, and as chief of police in two cities and two regions. His longest term as police chief was between October 2013 and June 2016 in Davao City.
Oplan Tambay was the law enforcement campaign first announced by President Rodrigo Duterte on June 13, 2018, that penalized the loiterers who violated the city ordinance such as smoking in public places, drinking liquor on the streets, and going shirtless in public. The campaign had at least 8,000 residents were either accosted or apprehended for violating the rules in two weeks.