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San Marino,officially the Republic of San Marino and also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino,is a European microstate and country enclaved by Italy. Located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains,San Marino is the fifth-smallest country in the world and covers a land area of just over 61 km2,with a population of 33,660 as of 2022.
The politics of the state of San Marino take place in a framework of a unitary parliamentary representative democratic republic,whereby the Captains Regent are the heads of state and heads of government. The country has a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Grand and General Council. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Giovanni Lonfernini was captain regent of San Marino for the semester from October 2003 to March 2004. He is of the Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party,and his co-captain-regent was Valeria Ciavatta.
Captains Regent are the two heads of state of the Republic of San Marino. They are elected every six months by the Grand and General Council,the country's legislative body. Normally the Regents are chosen from parties in coalition and serve a six-month term. The investiture of the Captains Regent takes place on 1 April and 1 October every year. This tradition dates back at least to 1243.
Giuliano Gozi was Secretary for Foreign Affairs and de facto Fascist leader of San Marino from 1918 until 1943. He also held the role of Captain-Regent of San Marino 5 times between 1923 and 1942.
The Grand and General Council is the parliament of San Marino. The council has 60 members elected for a five-year term.
Oscar Mina is a Sanmarinese politician,who served as Captain Regent of San Marino with Paolo Rondelli from 1 April to 1 October 2022. He previously served as Captain Regent from 1 April 2009 to October 2009 together with Massimo Cenci.
Paolo Rondelli is a Sammarinese politician and diplomat who served as Captain Regent of San Marino alongside Oscar Mina from 1 April to 1 October 2022. He is the world's first openly LGBT+ head of state.
Events in the year 2011 in San Marino.
Maria Luisa Berti is a Sammarinese politician who was twice one of two Captains Regent. The second time she was in office from 1 October 2022 until 1 April 2023 and served alongside Manuel Ciavatta. Eleven years prior,she was in the same post for the April to October 2011 political term. Back then,it was shared with Filippo Tamagnini.
Filippo Tamagnini is a Sammarinese politician serving as Captain Regent with Gaetano Troina for the October 2023 to April 2024 political term. He previously served from April to October 2011,sharing the post with Maria Luisa Berti.
Luca Beccari is a Sammarinese politician who served as co-Captain Regent for a six-month term in 2014,alongside Valeria Ciavatta. He is a resident of Serravalle and a former official with the Central Bank of San Marino. He has been a Christian Democrat since 1993,and joined the Grand and General Council in 2012.
Gian Nicola Berti is a politician who served as a Captain Regent of San Marino. He served from 1 April 2016 to 1 October 2016 and represented We Sammarinese.
Vanessa D'Ambrosio is a former Captain Regent of San Marino,serving from April until October 2017.
Gian Carlo Venturini is a Sammarinese politician and one of the Captains Regent with Maurizio Rattini from 1 October 1996 until 1 April 1997 and the second time with Marco Nicolini from 1 April until 1 October 2021.
Giacomo Simoncini is a Sammarinese politician,sports executive and pharmacist,who served as the Captain Regent of San Marino with Francesco Mussoni from 1 October 2021 to 1 April 2022. At the time of his appointment,he was the youngest state leader in the world,and was the only head of state younger than the age of 30. A member of the Socialist Party,he has been a member of the Grand and General Council for the electoral alliance Noi per la Repubblica since 2019.
Events in the year 2022 in San Marino.
Events in the year 2023 in San Marino.
Alessandro Scarano is a Sammarinese politician who was one of two Captains Regent from 1 April 2023 until 1 October 2023. He served alongside Adele Tonnini.
Adele Tonnini is a Sammarinese politician who had served alongside Alessandro Scarano as the Captains Regent of San Marino since 1 April 2023 until 1 October 2023. She is a member of RETE Movement.
References
- 1 2 3 Mizzy, Sugar (2022-09-06). "San Marino. Captains Regent Pro tempore: Maria Luisa Berti and Manuel Ciavatta". europe-cities.com. Retrieved 2022-10-03.
- ↑ "S.E. Manuel Ciavatta". Official Website of the Grand and General Council.(in Italian)
- 1 2 3 4 5 "I nuovi Capitani Reggenti: i profili di Maria Luisa Berti e di Manuel Ciavatta". San Marino Rtv (in Italian). 2022-09-16. Retrieved 2022-10-03.
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