Maria Mavroudi | |
---|---|
Born | 1967 (age 56–57) |
Awards | MacArthur Fellowship |
Academic background | |
Alma mater | Anatolia College, University of Thessaloniki, Harvard University |
Thesis | The So-called Oneirocriticon of Achmet: A Byzantine Book on Dream Interpretation and Its Arabic Sources (1998) |
Doctoral advisor | Ihor Ševčenko |
Academic work | |
Discipline | Byzantine studies,history,philology |
Institutions | University of California,Berkeley |
Maria V. Mavroudi (born 1967) [1] is a Greek-born American Byzantinist,historian,and philologist. [2] She is a history professor at University of California,Berkeley. [3] [4]
Mavroudi graduated from Anatolia College in Thessaloniki,Greece;from the University of Thessaloniki with a Philology degree;[ when? ] and from Harvard University with a PhD in 1998 Byzantine Studies. [5] Her doctoral advisor was Ihor Ševčenko. [6]
She researches the recycling of the ancient tradition between Byzantium and Islam;Byzantine intellectual history;and the survival and transformation of Byzantine culture after 1453,along with other various topics.
Fluent in classical Greek and Arabic, [1] she also understands Coptic,Latin,and Syriac,and speaks Modern Greek,French,and English fluently. She formerly taught at Princeton University. [7]
Rūm, also romanized as Roum, is a derivative of Parthian (frwm) terms, ultimately derived from Greek Ῥωμαῖοι. Both terms are endonyms of the pre-Islamic inhabitants of Anatolia, the Middle East and the Balkans and date to when those regions were parts of the Eastern Roman Empire.
Achmet, son of Seirim, the author of a work on the interpretation of dreams, the Oneirocriticon of Achmet, is probably not the same person as Abu Bekr Mohammed Ben Sirin, whose work on the same subject is still extant in Arabic in the Royal Library at Paris, and who was born AH 33 and died AH 110.
Muhammad Ibn Sirin was a Muslim tabi' as he was a contemporary of Anas ibn Malik. He is claimed by some to have been an interpreter of dreams, though others regard the books to have been falsely attributed to him. Once regarded as the same person as Achmet son of Seirim, this is no longer believed to be true, as shown by Maria Mavroudi.
Anna Komnene Angelina or Comnena Angelina was Empress consort of Nicaea. She was the daughter of emperor Alexios III Angelos and of Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera.
David Edwin Pingree was an American historian of mathematics in the ancient world. He was a University Professor and Professor of History of Mathematics and Classics at Brown University.
Ihor Ševčenko was a Polish-born philologist and historian of Ukrainian origin. He was a Byzantinist and paleo-Slavic professor of classical philology at Harvard University. He died 26 December 2009 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
The Cyranides is a compilation of magico-medical works in Greek first put together in the 4th century. Latin and Arabic translations also exists. It has been described as a "farrago" and a texte vivant, owing to the complexities of its transmission: it has been abridged, rearranged, and supplemented. The resulting compilation covers the magical properties and practical uses of gemstones, plants, and animals, and is a virtual encyclopedia of amulets; it also contains material pertinent to the history of western alchemy, and to New Testament studies, particularly in illuminating meanings of words and magico-religious practices. As a medical text, the Cyranides was held in relatively low esteem even in antiquity and the Middle Ages because of its use of vernacular language and reliance on lore rather than Hippocratic or Galenic medical theory.
Demetrios Chloros was a 14th-century Byzantine physician, astrologer, priest and sorcerer who was tried for possessing magic books.
Pascalis Romanus was a 12th-century priest, medical expert, and dream theorist, noted especially for his Latin translations of Greek texts on theology, oneirocritics, and related subjects. An Italian working in Constantinople, he served as a Latin interpreter for Emperor Manuel I Komnenos.
Francesca Rochberg (Halton) (born May 8, 1952, in Philadelphia) is an American Assyriologist, historian of science, and Catherine and William L. Magistretti Distinguished Professor of Near Eastern Studies at University of California, Berkeley. She is best known for her work on the history of Babylonian astronomy.
Steven B. Bowman is an American scholar and academic particularly known for his research of Greek and Jewish relations throughout the past three millennia, with emphasis on Byzantine and Holocaust periods. He is a professor of Judaic Studies at the University of Cincinnati, where he teaches a wide range of courses in ancient and medieval Judaic Studies and modern Israel.
Greece played a crucial role in the transmission of classical knowledge to the Islamic world. Its rich historiographical tradition preserved Ancient Greek knowledge upon which Islamic art, architecture, literature, philosophy and technological achievements were built. Ibn Khaldun once noted; The sciences of only one nation, the Greeks, have come down to us, because they were translated through Al-Ma'mun’s efforts. He was successful in this direction because he had many translators at his disposal and spent much money in this connection.
Robin Sinclair Cormack, FSA is a British classicist and art historian, specialising in Byzantine art. He was Professor in the History of Art, Courtauld Institute of Art, University of London, 1991–2004.
Paul Magdalino is a British Byzantinist who is Bishop Wardlaw Professor (Emeritus) of Byzantine History at the University of St Andrews. He received the 1993 Runciman Award for his monograph on the reign of Manuel I Komnenos (1143–1180), which challenged Niketas Choniates' negative appraisal of the ruler.
Leo Tuscus was an Italian writer and translator who served as a Latin–Greek interpreter in the imperial chancery of the Byzantine Empire under Emperor Manuel Komnenos.
Deno John Geanakoplos was a renowned scholar of Byzantine cultural and religious history and Italian Renaissance intellectual history and the Bradford Durfee Professor Emeritus of Byzantine History, Renaissance History, and Eastern Orthodox Church History at Yale University. He was the author of 13 books and over 100 articles and was considered one of the foremost Byzantine scholars in the world. He was the father of Yale Economist and Professor John Geanakoplos.
Nevra Necipoğlu is a Turkish historian of the Byzantine Empire who is a professor of history at Boğaziçi University.
Ingela Nilsson is a Professor of Greek at Uppsala University in Sweden, specializing in Byzantine literature and narratology.
Innovation in Byzantine medicine: the writings of John Zacharias Aktouarios (c.1275-c.1330) is a 2020 monograph by Greek author and academic Petros Bouras-Vallianatos. The book delves into the largely unexplored works of late Byzantine physician John Zacharias Aktouarios, known for his contributions to uroscopy, physiology, and pharmacology. It highlights Aktouarios' original theories, including the introduction of a new urine vial divided into eleven areas and his theory about the connection of each area with a certain part of the human body, and provides insight into the intellectual and social contexts of medical practice in the Byzantine era. Bouras-Vallianatos argues that Aktouarios' medical works were remarkably open to knowledge from outside Byzantium and displayed significant originality. The analysis of Aktouarios's treatises is based on a wide range of manuscripts and sources, shedding new light on Byzantine medical thought and its cultural exchanges with the Latin and Islamic worlds.
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