Maria Teresa Guasti is a linguist specializing in language acquisition. She is professor of linguistics and psycholinguistics at the University of Milano-Bicocca. [1]
Before her academic career, Guasti worked in information technology, first as a researcher at Olivetti in Turin (1984–5) and then as a software developer for Fininvest in Milan (1985–7). [1] From 1988 to 1994 Guasti worked as a research assistant at the University of Geneva, where she received her doctorate for a dissertation focusing on causatives and verbs of perception. [1] [2]
Guasti's first academic job after her doctorate was as a researcher at the San Raffaele Hospital in Milan (1994–7), where she began to combine her interest in linguistic theory with the study of language acquisition. [1] [2] After a period of postdoctoral research at the University of Siena (1997–2000), she was appointed assistant professor of linguistics and psycholinguistics at the University of Milano-Bicocca, where she was to spend the rest of her career; she was promoted to full professor in 2005. [1]
Guasti's research focuses on child language acquisition of syntax, semantics and pragmatics. She studies both monolingual and multilingual acquisition, looking at typically developing populations as well as populations with developmental language disorders, dyslexia or cochlear implants. [1] Her 2002 book Language acquisition: the growth of grammar has been described as ‘the most comprehensive piece of work ... on first language acquisition within the generative tradition’. [3] It is now in its second edition (2017), and has been cited well over a thousand times. [4]
Guasti has been the recipient of numerous honours and awards. In 2019 she was awarded an ERC Synergy Grant for the project ‘Realizing Leibniz’s Dream: Child Languages as a Mirror of the Mind’ together with Artemis Alexiadou and Uli Sauerland; the project runs from 2020 to 2026. [5] In 2021 she was elected ordinary member of the Academia Europaea. [1]
Lexical semantics, as a subfield of linguistic semantics, is the study of word meanings. It includes the study of how words structure their meaning, how they act in grammar and compositionality, and the relationships between the distinct senses and uses of a word.
In general linguistics, a labile verb is a verb that undergoes causative alternation; that is, it can be used both transitively and intransitively, with the requirement that the direct object of its transitive use corresponds to the subject of its intransitive use, as in "I ring the bell" and "The bell rings." Labile verbs are a prominent feature of English, and also occur in many other languages. When causatively alternating verbs are used transitively they are called causatives since, in the transitive use of the verb, the subject is causing the action denoted by the intransitive version. When causatively alternating verbs are used intransitively, they are referred to as anticausatives or inchoatives because the intransitive variant describes a situation in which the theme participant undergoes a change of state, becoming, for example, "opened".
In pragmatics, scalar implicature, or quantity implicature, is an implicature that attributes an implicit meaning beyond the explicit or literal meaning of an utterance, and which suggests that the utterer had a reason for not using a more informative or stronger term on the same scale. The choice of the weaker characterization suggests that, as far as the speaker knows, none of the stronger characterizations in the scale holds. This is commonly seen in the use of 'some' to suggest the meaning 'not all', even though 'some' is logically consistent with 'all'. If Bill says 'I have some of my money in cash', this utterance suggests to a hearer that Bill does not have all his money in cash.
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Alternative semantics is a framework in formal semantics and logic. In alternative semantics, expressions denote alternative sets, understood as sets of objects of the same semantic type. For instance, while the word "Lena" might denote Lena herself in a classical semantics, it would denote the singleton set containing Lena in alternative semantics. The framework was introduced by Charles Leonard Hamblin in 1973 as a way of extending Montague grammar to provide an analysis for questions. In this framework, a question denotes the set of its possible answers. Thus, if and are propositions, then is the denotation of the question whether or is true. Since the 1970s, it has been extended and adapted to analyze phenomena including focus, scope, disjunction, NPIs, presupposition, and implicature.
In linguistics, the syntax–semantics interface is the interaction between syntax and semantics. Its study encompasses phenomena that pertain to both syntax and semantics, with the goal of explaining correlations between form and meaning. Specific topics include scope, binding, and lexical semantic properties such as verbal aspect and nominal individuation, semantic macroroles, and unaccusativity.
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Shanley E. M. Allen is a professor of linguistics working at the Technical University of Kaiserslautern. Her research is primarily in the area of psycholinguistics and language acquisition, studying both monolingual and multilingual speakers. She is also a specialist on the Inuktitut language.
Maria D. Aloni is an Italian logician and philosopher of language, interested in formal semantics and the development of forms of logic that can capture the deviations of human reasoning from classical logic. She is an associate professor in the University of Amsterdam Faculty of Humanities, affiliated there with the Department of Philosophy and the Institute for Logic, Language and Computation.
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Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano is a professor of linguistics at the University of Zaragoza known for her research in cognitive linguistics and psycholinguistics.
Kleanthes K. Grohmann is a German linguist, academic, and author. He is a professor of Biolinguistics in the Department of English Studies at the University of Cyprus and the founding Director of the Cyprus Acquisition Team.
Birgit Hellwig is a German linguist specializing in African and Papuan languages. She is professor of general linguistics at the University of Cologne.
Maya Hickmann was a linguist who specialized in language acquisition and psycholinguistics.