Martha Mary Coakley[1] (born July 14,1953) is an American lobbyist,lawyer,and former politician who served as Attorney General of Massachusetts from 2007 to 2015. Prior to serving as Attorney General,she was District Attorney of Middlesex County from 1999 to 2007.
She joined the DA's office in 1986 as an Assistant District Attorney in the Lowell,Massachusetts,District Court office. A year later,she was invited by the U.S. Justice Department to join its Boston Organized Crime Strike Force as a Special Attorney. Coakley returned to the District Attorney's office in 1989 and was appointed the Chief of the Child Abuse Prosecution Unit two years later.
In 1997,a special election was held for Boston's 16th Suffolk district to replace James T. Brett,who was resigning. Five candidates,who all lived in the same Ward 16 neighborhood,including a "thoughtful,but unknown assistant DA named Martha Coakley," entered the race.[6] Coakley lost the race to Marty Walsh,receiving 11.7 percent of the vote.[7]
District Attorney
In December 1997,Coakley resigned her position in order to campaign for District Attorney in Middlesex County.
In 2001,Coakley successfully lobbied Acting Governor Jane Swift to deny clemency to Gerald Amirault,a defendant in the Fells Acres day care sexual abuse trial,whom many regarded as a victim of day care sex abuse hysteria. Clemency for Amirault had been recommended unanimously by the Massachusetts Parole Board.[8] Amirault's co-accused mother and sister had already been released from custody.[9]Wall Street Journal editorial board member Dorothy Rabinowitz cites Coakley's pursuit of the case despite lack of corroborating evidence as an example of questionable judgment on Coakley's part.[9]
Coakley's actions as District Attorney in the sexual abuse case of a 23-month-old girl in 2005 have drawn sharp criticism. Coakley,who oversaw the grand jury for the case,did not immediately indict Keith Winfield,a Somerville police officer. On August 1,2006,after a criminal complaint was threatened to be filed by Larry Frisoli,attorney for the victim's single mother and the Republican candidate running against Coakley for Attorney General,she indicted Winfield.[10] She requested for him to be released without cash bail. The District Attorney succeeding Coakley subsequently secured a conviction. Winfield was given two life sentences for the crime. Coakley later defended her actions by saying she acted appropriately with the evidence that was available at the time.[11] As of 2012,film producer Steve Audette was making a documentary about Winfield's prosecution,conviction,and continued assertion of innocence;[12] Audette was denied access to recordings of the trial in March 2013.[13]
Attorney General
Coakley speaking at Faneuil Hall in 2007
Coakley was elected Massachusetts Attorney General in the 2006 general election as a Democrat,defeating Republican Larry Frisoli with 73 percent of the vote. She was sworn in on January17,2007. Coakley became the first woman to serve as Attorney General in Massachusetts.
During the Aqua Teen Hunger Force bomb scare in January 2007,Coakley was widely quoted in the press defending the reaction of Boston's emergency services.[14] Small electronic signs advertising a cartoon had been mistaken for bombs;Massachusetts authorities halted traffic on two bridges and closed the Charles River before realizing the signs were harmless. Coakley defended the precautions because the LED signs had looked suspicious:"It had a very sinister appearance,it had a battery behind it,and wires."[15]
Both of those accused of putting up the signs which caused the bomb scare were given plea bargains,received community service and apologized publicly.[16]
In May 2007,Coakley testified before the Massachusetts State Legislature in support of the passage of a "buffer zone" law that created a 35-foot (11m) buffer around entrances and driveways of reproductive health care facilities that offer abortion services.[17][18] The law was signed into effect by Governor Deval Patrick on November 13,2007,and was subsequently challenged by opponents and overturned by a unanimous decision of the Supreme Court as a violation of the First Amendment.[19][20]
The next month,she signed a Guide to Consumer Credit and activated a Consumer Complaint and Information Hotline for helping people in financial difficulties.[21]
Coakley inherited litigation of the fatal 2006 Big Dig ceiling collapse from outgoing Attorney General Tom Reilly in 2007. On March26,2009,she settled the final lawsuit pertaining to the incident.[26] Through eight lawsuits attached to the incident,Coakley's office recovered $610.625million on behalf of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.[27]
Coakley declined to conduct a criminal investigation of an aide to Thomas M. Menino,Mayor of Boston,for allegedly violating laws regarding the destruction of public e-mail records,describing the request as politically motivated.[28]
On July 8,2009,Coakley filed a suit[29] challenging the constitutionality of the Defense of Marriage Act. The suit claims that Congress "overstepped its authority,undermined states' efforts to recognize marriages between same-sex couples,and codified an animus towards gay and lesbian people."[30] Massachusetts is the first state to challenge the legislation.[31]
In 2009,Coakley won settlements of $60million from Goldman Sachs[32] and $10million from Fremont Investment &Loan[33] for their abuse of subprime loans and lending.[34]
In 2010,Coakley helped draft a Massachusetts law regulating obscenity on the internet. In a decision celebrated by civil rights advocates,the law was overturned by a federal judge after a coalition of booksellers and website publishers sued,claiming the new law was unconstitutional and would hold criminally liable anyone who operates a website containing nudity or sexual material,including subjects such as art or even health information such as pregnancy or birth control. They said the law failed to distinguish between open websites and obscene material. Federal Judge Rya W. Zobel stated that the plaintiffs demonstrated "without question" that the law violated the First Amendment by infringing on and inhibiting free speech.[35]
During Coakley's tenure as Attorney General,misconduct at Massachusetts' crime laboratories led to the reexamination of tens of thousands of drug convictions. Chemist Annie Dookhan was accused of forging reports and tampering with samples to produce desired results.[36] Similarly,Sonja Farak was accused of tampering with the evidence she was tasked with analyzing by using it to get high herself.[37] The actions of both women,who acted independently,resulted in tens of thousands of drug counts being dismissed,the largest single mass dismissal of criminal cases in U.S. history.[38][39]How to Fix a Drug Scandal is an American true crimedocumentary miniseries that was released on Netflix on April 1,2020,that was created by Erin Lee Carr,who followed the aftereffects of this notorious case.[40]How to Fix a Drug Scandal depicts the role of Martha Coakley,who was accused of political cover up.[41]
Political campaigns
1997 Massachusetts state representative campaign
Martha Coakley finished fourth with 12% of the primary vote in her first run for office against future Boston Mayor and US Secretary of Labor Marty Walsh (33%),neighborhood activist Charles Tevnan (16%) and Edward Regal (10%).
1998 District Attorney campaign
Martha Coakley won the Democratic primary (48%) against Michael A. Sullivan (28%) and Timothy Flaherty (25%) and coasted to a 71–29% general election win against Republican Lee Johnson.
2002 District Attorney campaign
Martha Coakley was unopposed in both the primary and the general election.
On September 1, 2009, Coakley was the first candidate to take out nomination papers to run in a special election to succeed the late Edward M. Kennedy in the United States Senate in the special election in 2010.[43] Two days later, on September 3, Coakley officially announced her candidacy on her website.[44] She won the Democratic primary on December 8, 2009.[45] Her opponents were Republican Scott Brown and Libertarian Joseph L. Kennedy (no relation to the Kennedy family). Coakley was endorsed by The Boston Globe on January 14, 2010.[46] In her last television debate January 11, 2010, at the University of Massachusetts Boston, when asked about the prospects of victory in Afghanistan, Coakley stated, "I think we have done what we are going to be able to do in Afghanistan. I think that we should plan an exit strategy. Yes. I'm not sure there is a way to succeed. If the goal was and the mission in Afghanistan was to go in because we believed that the Taliban was giving harbor to terrorists, we supported that. I supported that. They're gone. They're not there anymore. They're in, apparently Yemen, they're in Pakistan. Let's focus our efforts on where Al Qaeda is." This statement drew criticism from Scott Brown and his supporters, including Rudy Giuliani.[47][48][49][50]
Martha Coakley speaks at roundtable for gubernatorial candidates hosted by the Rappaport Center for Law and Public Service, February 11, 2014. Alasdair Roberts, Rappaport Professor of Law and Public Policy, hosted the roundtable.
Coakley committed a number of gaffes during the campaign. When criticized for leaving the state for a Washington fundraiser instead of campaigning, Coakley responded by saying "As opposed to standing outside Fenway Park? In the cold? Shaking hands?"[51]Barack Obama, in reflecting on his presidency, cited this comment as an instigating factor for Coakley's election loss, as well as a hurdle for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.[52] Coakley also referred to Red Sox star pitcher and Brown supporter Curt Schilling as "another Yankee fan," making her a target of derision.[53][54]
Coakley admitted to making a mistake while filing the financial disclosure forms for her Senate run, claiming to have no personal assets when she had an account under her husband's name with over $200,000 and a personal IRA containing approximately $12,000.[55]
On January 19, 2010, Coakley was defeated by Brown 52% to 47% in the special election. Brown received 1,168,107 votes, Coakley received 1,058,682 votes, and Joseph L. Kennedy received 22,237 votes.[56]
On September 15, 2013, WCVB-TV learned of Coakley's intention to run for the Massachusetts governorship when incumbent Democrat Deval Patrick retired in 2014. Coakley was set to formally announce her entry into the race the following Monday. She won the Democratic nomination on September 9, 2014.[59] On November 4, 2014, she was narrowly defeated in the general election for governor by Republican Charlie Baker,[60] who was endorsed by the Boston Globe despite the Globe's having endorsed Coakley four years prior in her Senate campaign.[61]
After the election, the Globe wrote that Coakley had been "redeemed, even in defeat," saying that she had been "haunted" by her failed bid for the U.S. Senate four years earlier and had been a "relentless, and frequently terrific, campaigner. Coakley worked her heart out meeting voters across the state. She arrived at the rationale for her candidacy that eluded her four years ago: She had proven she cares about the state's most vulnerable citizens." The Globe added that "this person of remarkable accomplishments, grace, and resilience looks to be leaving public life. That's a big loss."[62]
Post-political career
From 2015 through early 2019, Coakley worked for Foley Hoag, a Boston-based law firm, as a lawyer and lobbyist.[63] While at the firm, Coakley represented the fantasy sports website DraftKings and student-loan firm Navient when state governments were examining the practices of these industries.[64]
In April 2019, it was announced that Coakley had taken a full-time role with electronic cigarette maker Juul on their government affairs team.[63] As a former attorney general, lobbying attorneys general for the vaping industry has called into question the ethics of Coakley's work for Juul, a leader in the electronic cigarette industry accused of marketing addictive nicotine products to youths.[65][66]
Personal life
Coakley resides in Medford, Massachusetts. She is married to retired police Deputy Superintendent Thomas F. O'Connor Jr.[67][68]
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↑ "464 Mass. 672 (2013) COMMONWEALTH v. KEITH WINFIELD". Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, Middlesex. March 18, 2013 – via Google Scholar. The issue presented in this case is whether a judge erred in denying a documentary film maker's motion for access to an audiotape "room recording" of a trial made by a court reporter where an official transcript of the trial had been prepared and provided to the film maker.
↑ Martha Coalkley (June 2007). The Attorney General's Guide to Consumer Credit(pdf). Boston, MA: Commonwealth of Massachusetts - Office of Attorney General - Consumer Protection Division. p.3. OCLC960945672. Archived(PDF) from the original on November 13, 2019. Retrieved November 13, 2019– via archive.is.
↑ About Attorney General Martha Coakley Mass.Gov. The Official Website of the Attorney General of Massachusetts. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 2014. Retrieved November 28, 2014
↑ Friedlaender, Lucas; O'Brien, Chris (eds.). The Massachusetts Political Almanac 2014. Craig R. Sandler. p.330. ISBN0-926766-41-4.
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