 | This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . (Learn how and when to remove these messages)
|
The Mathematical Olympiad Program (abbreviated MOP; formerly called the Mathematical Olympiad Summer Program, abbreviated MOSP) is an intensive summer program held at Carnegie Mellon University. The main purpose of MOP, held since 1974, is to select and train the six members of the U.S. team for the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO).
Students qualify for the program by scoring highly on the United States of America Mathematical Olympiad (USAMO) or United States of America Junior Mathematical Olympiad (USAJMO).
Before 2012, the top twelve American scorers from all grades formed the "black" group. The approximately eighteen next highest American scorers among students from 11th grade and below form the "blue" group.
In 2004, the program was expanded to include approximately thirty of the highest-scoring American freshmen and sophomores each year, the "red" group; this was later split into two, forming the "green" group, which consists of approximately fifteen of the highest-scoring freshmen and sophomores who have qualified through the USAMO, and the "red" group, which consists of those who have qualified through the USAJMO. The colorful designations of these groups were adapted from Karate.
Until 2011, only black group MOPpers were eligible for the selection to the USA IMO team, determined by combining USAMO results with results of a similar competition called the Team Selection Test (TST). From 2011, a new competition called the Team Selection Test Selection Test (TSTST) was established. This exam is held at MOP and open for all non-graduating MOP participants, and the results of the TSTST determines the group of students who take part in the United States of America Team Selection Tests over the following school year. This cycle of six exam days, which includes the USAMO of that school year, determines the IMO team. More information about USA IMO team selection can be found here, and more details about MOP selection can be found here.
Canadians are allowed to take the USAMO but are not allowed to participate in MOP unless they are enrolled full-time in a US school. MOP also usually invites additional female students to the camp to prepare them for the process of selecting EGMO attendees.
The camp was led by academic director Po-Shen Loh from 2014 through 2024, and the current assistant academic director is Evan Chen. In 2023, Po-Shen Loh resigned from his position after finishing his initial ten year-long appointment. [1]
Approximately 15 to 20 international students, 1-2 each from a subset of top-performing countries at the previous years' International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO), have been invited to MOP each year since 2016 (excluding 2020 through 2022 because of the COVID-19 pandemic) in an effort to provide a unique and diverse experience at MOP and build connections across borders.
Red cutoffs from 2010 onward refer to USAJMO, while those for 2009 and earlier refer to USAMO.
| Year | Black | Blue | Green | Red |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 [2] | 35 | |||
| 2003 [3] | 28 | |||
| 2004 [4] | 24 | |||
| 2005 [5] | 29 | |||
| 2006 [6] | 25 | 18 | 9 | |
| 2007 [7] | 23 | 17 | 9 | |
| 2008 [8] | 28 | 20 | 10 | |
| 2009 [9] | 27 | 18 | 8 | |
| 2010 [10] | 29 | 23 | 18 | 35 |
| 2011 | 35 | 28 | 21 | 28 |
| 2012 | 22 | 17 | 21 | |
| 2013 | 22 | 14 | 29 | |
| 2014 | 22 | 13 | 25 | |
| 2015 | 16 | 11 | 27 | |
| 2016 | 20 | 14 | 21 | |
| 2017 | 20 | 16 | 36 | |
| 2018 | 22 | 15 | 27 | |
| 2019 | 24 | 22 | 33 | |
| 2020 | 27 | 22 | 33 | |
| 2021 | 29 | 24 | 33 | |
| 2022 | 18 | 11 | 24 | |
| 2023 | 30 | 22 | 33 | |
| 2024 | 21 | 16 | 30 |
Note that certain cutoff scores may have involved tiebreakers, that is, not all eligible students who scored exactly the cutoff score were invited to the program.
The cutoff scores for each group are not entirely rigid, as some students are moved between groups at the beginning of the program. However, the cutoffs do dictate who is invited to the program. More information can be founded in the Selection Process section above.
Since MOP 2012, black group cutoffs for MOP in year N have been determined by total score on the six exam days for the United States of America Team Selection Tests held during the N-1 to N school year. As a result, the black group for MOP N consists of the team members of USA IMO N and several non-graduating students who were very close to qualifying for IMO N.
The first few MOPs were held at Rutgers University. After that, and until 1995, the program was alternately hosted by the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland in even-numbered years and by the United States Military Academy at West Point in odd-numbered years. The 1995 MOP was held at IMSA in Aurora, Illinois, where then-MOP director Titu Andreescu was a member of the math faculty. Most of the MOPs from 1996 through 2014 were held in Lincoln, Nebraska where the AMC headquarters is located. An exception was made in the summer of 2001, as the United States would be hosting the IMO that year in Washington, D.C., and nearby Georgetown was selected as the location for MOP. Since 2015, MOP has been held at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (except in 2020 and 2021, when it was held online due to COVID-19 pandemic concerns). In 2025, MOP will be held at IMSA in Aurora, Illinois.
Since 2011 (excluding 2020 and 2021), the TSTST has taken place during the latter days of MOP. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the three days of TSTST 2020 were administered remotely after MOP during the 2020-2021 school year on [11] November 12th, December 10th, and January 21st, respectively.
For similar reasons, the US IMO Team Selection Test Cycle for IMO 2022 closely resembled the US IMO Team Selection Test Cycle for IMO 2021. The three days of TSTST 2021 were administered remotely during the 2021-2022 school year on [12] November 4th, December 9th, and January 13th, respectively.
For years, the idea of extending the training program for the U.S. IMO team was discussed. During the 2004–2005 school year, U.S. IMO team coach Zuming Feng directed the Winter Olympiad Training Program, utilizing the Art of Problem Solving (AoPS) site for discussion purposes. The program was short-lived, lasting only that year. MOP participants are now able to participate for free in Art of Problem Solving's WOOT program for year-round olympiad training.
The International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) is a mathematical olympiad for pre-university students, and is the oldest of the International Science Olympiads. It is "the most prestigious" mathematical competition in the world. The first IMO was held in Romania in 1959. It has since been held annually, except in 1980. More than 100 countries participate. Each country sends a team of up to six students, plus one team leader, one deputy leader, and observers.
The United States of America Mathematical Olympiad (USAMO) is a highly selective high school mathematics competition held annually in the United States. Since its debut in 1972, it has served as the final round of the American Mathematics Competitions. In 2010, it split into the USAMO and the United States of America Junior Mathematical Olympiad (USAJMO).
The American Invitational Mathematics Examination (AIME) is a selective and prestigious 15-question 3-hour test given since 1983 to those who rank in the top 5% on the AMC 12 high school mathematics examination, and starting in 2010, those who rank in the top 2.5% on the AMC 10. Two different versions of the test are administered, the AIME I and AIME II. However, qualifying students can only take one of these two competitions.
The American Mathematics Competitions (AMCs) are the first of a series of competitions in secondary school mathematics sponsored by the Mathematical Association of America (MAA) that determine the United States of America's team for the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO). The selection process takes place over the course of roughly five stages. At the last stage, the US selects six members to form the IMO team.
Reid William Barton is a mathematician and also one of the most successful performers in the International Science Olympiads.
Richard Rusczyk is the founder and chief executive officer of Art of Problem Solving Inc. and a co-author of the Art of Problem Solving textbooks. Rusczyk was a national Mathcounts participant in 1985, and he won the USA Math Olympiad (USAMO) in 1989. He is one of the co-creators of the Mandelbrot Competition, and the director of the USA Mathematical Talent Search (USAMTS). He also founded the San Diego Math Circle.
Gabriel Drew Carroll is a Professor of Economics at the University of Toronto. He was born to tech industry worker parents in Oakland. He graduated from Harvard University with B.A. in mathematics and linguistics in 2005 and received his doctorate in economics from MIT in 2012. He was recognized as a child prodigy and received numerous awards in mathematics while a student.
The Indian National Mathematical Olympiad (INMO) is a highly selective high school mathematics competition held annually in India. It is conducted by the Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education (HBCSE) under the aegis of the National Board for Higher Mathematics (NBHM).
The British Mathematical Olympiad (BMO) forms part of the selection process for the UK International Mathematical Olympiad team and for other international maths competitions, including the European Girls' Mathematical Olympiad, the Romanian Master of Mathematics and Sciences, and the Balkan Mathematical Olympiad. It is organised by the British Mathematical Olympiad Subtrust, which is part of the United Kingdom Mathematics Trust. There are two rounds, the BMO1 and the BMO2.
The Texas Math and Science Coaches Association, or TMSCA, is an organization for coaches of academic University Interscholastic League teams in Texas elementary schools, middle schools and high schools, specifically those that compete in mathematics and science-related tests.
The Worldwide Online Olympiad Training (WOOT) program was established in 2005 by Art of Problem Solving, with sponsorship from Google and quantitative hedge fund giant D. E. Shaw & Co., in order to meet the needs of the world's top high school math students. Sponsorship allowed free enrollment for students of the Mathematical Olympiad Program (MOP). D.E. Shaw continued to sponsor enrollment of those students for the 2006-2007 year of WOOT.
Titu Andreescu is an associate professor of mathematics at the University of Texas at Dallas. He is firmly involved in mathematics contests and olympiads, having been the Director of American Mathematics Competitions, Director of the Mathematical Olympiad Program, Head Coach of the United States International Mathematical Olympiad Team, and Chairman of the United States of America Mathematical Olympiad. He has also authored a large number of books on the topic of problem solving and olympiad-style mathematics.
This article describes the selection process, by country, for entrance into the International Mathematical Olympiad.
Samuel Kendrick Vandervelde is a mathematician who, along with Sandor Lehoczky and Richard Rusczyk, created the Mandelbrot Competition, and is listed first under "Thanks" in the mathematical textbook The Art of Problem Solving.
The Canadian Mathematical Olympiad (CMO) is Canada's top mathematical problem-solving competition. It is run by the Canadian Mathematical Society. The Olympiad plays several roles in Canadian mathematics competitions, most notably being Canada's main team selection process for the International Mathematical Olympiad.
The European Girls' Mathematical Olympiad (EGMO) is a mathematical olympiad for girls which started in 2012, and is held in April each year. It was inspired by the China Girls Mathematical Olympiad (CGMO). Although the competition is held in Europe, it is open to female participants from all over the world, and is considered the most prestigious mathematics competition for girls. In recent years, participants from around 55 countries have been invited to the competition.
The Korean Mathematical Olympiad is a mathematical olympiad held by the Korean Mathematical Society (KMS) in Republic of Korea.
Po-Shen Loh is an American mathematician specializing in combinatorics. Loh teaches at Carnegie Mellon University, and from 2014 to 2023 served as the national coach of the United States' International Mathematical Olympiad team. He is the founder of educational websites Expii and Live, and lead developer of contact-tracing app NOVID.
The Chinese Mathematical Olympiad is an annual invitational mathematical competition for high school students in China organized by the Chinese Mathematical Society. Its participants are teams of high school students from every province of mainland China, as well as guest teams from the two special administrative regions Hong Kong and Macau, and also from Russia and Singapore. It is part of the selection process for the Chinese team to the International Mathematical Olympiad.
