Melissa Thomasson | |
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Nationality | American |
Alma mater | |
Scientific career | |
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Doctoral advisor | Price V. Fishback |
Melissa A. Thomasson is an American economist. She is a Professor of Economics and Associate Dean of the Farmer School of Business at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, where she has also served as the chair of the department of economics. She studies economic history, focusing on the evolution of health insurance and health care in the United States.
Thomasson attended the University of Puget Sound, where in 1992 she obtained a Bachelor of Science in economics with minors in mathematics and English literature. [1] She then attended the University of Arizona, where she earned an MA in economics in 1993 followed by a PhD in economics in 1998. [1] Her dissertation, From Sickness to Health: The Twentieth-Century Development of the Demand for Health Insurance, was supervised by Price V. Fishback. [1]
After obtaining her PhD, Thomasson joined the economics faculty at Miami University, where she was named Julian Lange Professor of Economics in 2015 and department chair in 2019. [1] Thomasson is the first woman to chair the economics department at Miami University. [2] In 1999, Thomasson also joined the National Bureau of Economic Research, at first as a faculty research fellow and then as a research associate from 2005 onwards. [1]
Thomasson's research focuses on the economic history of health insurance and health care in the United States. She has studied the relationship between American tax policy and health coverage, [3] the development of health insurance in America, [4] and the economic causes and implications of the evolution of childbirth from an event that mostly occurred at home to one that typically occurs in hospitals. [5] Her 2004 paper "Early Evidence of an Adverse Selection Death Spiral?" won the 2005 award for the best paper published in the journal Explorations in Economic History in the previous year. [1]
Thomasson has studied the impact that pandemics and epidemics can have on education, taking as a case the closure of schools during the 1916 New York City polio epidemic. [6] During that epidemic, school openings in New York City were delayed by two weeks, and Thomasson and her co-authors demonstrated that the closures had a measurable effect on the children who experienced it, lowering the number of achievements they had when they graduated and also decreasing their probability of graduating at all. [7] Thomasson has also shown that once schools did reopen, about 200,000 of the 829,000 students in the city did not return immediately, for fear of contracting the disease. [6] During the widespread school closures caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the NPR outlet WAMU cited Thomasson's research on this topic as a signal that parents might not permit their children to return to school immediately after schools officially reopen. [6] An article in Forbes , citing the WAMU report on Thomasson's research, speculated that many parents might experiment with alternative means of education such as homeschooling shortly after policies allow schools to reopen. [8]
Thomasson has been regularly interviewed in news outlets on topics relating to health care and health coverage in America. She has studied the pressures that act on drug prices, and she discussed the economic history of drug prices in an interview for WNYC. [9] She has also been interviewed on the topic of health care in America for NBC , [10] WGBH, [11] and NPR. [12]
Social services are a range of public services intended to provide support and assistance towards particular groups, which commonly include the disadvantaged. They may be provided by individuals, private and independent organizations, or administered by a government agency. Social services are connected with the concept of welfare and the welfare state, as countries with large welfare programs often provide a wide range of social services. Social services are employed to address the wide range of needs of a society. Prior to industrialisation, the provision of social services was largely confined to private organisations and charities, with the extent of its coverage also limited. Social services are now generally regarded globally as a 'necessary function' of society and a mechanism through which governments may address societal issues.
Health economics is a branch of economics concerned with issues related to efficiency, effectiveness, value and behavior in the production and consumption of health and healthcare. Health economics is important in determining how to improve health outcomes and lifestyle patterns through interactions between individuals, healthcare providers and clinical settings. In broad terms, health economists study the functioning of healthcare systems and health-affecting behaviors such as smoking, diabetes, and obesity.
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National health insurance (NHI), sometimes called statutory health insurance (SHI), is a system of health insurance that insures a national population against the costs of health care. It may be administered by the public sector, the private sector, or a combination of both. Funding mechanisms vary with the particular program and country. National or statutory health insurance does not equate to government-run or government-financed health care, but is usually established by national legislation. In some countries, such as Australia's Medicare system, the UK's National Health Service and South Korea's National Health Insurance Service, contributions to the system are made via general taxation and therefore are not optional even though use of the health system it finances is. In practice, most people paying for NHI will join it. Where an NHI involves a choice of multiple insurance funds, the rates of contributions may vary and the person has to choose which insurance fund to belong to.
In the United States, health insurance helps pay for medical expenses through privately purchased insurance, social insurance, or a social welfare program funded by the government. Synonyms for this usage include "health coverage", "health care coverage", and "health benefits". In a more technical sense, the term "health insurance" is used to describe any form of insurance providing protection against the costs of medical services. This usage includes both private insurance programs and social insurance programs such as Medicare, which pools resources and spreads the financial risk associated with major medical expenses across the entire population to protect everyone, as well as social welfare programs like Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program, which both provide assistance to people who cannot afford health coverage.
Germany has a universal multi-payer health care system paid for by a combination of statutory health insurance and private health insurance.
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