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 Mexico |  Panama |
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The nations of Mexico and Panama established diplomatic relations in 1904. [1] Both nations are mutual members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of Ibero-American States and the Organization of American States.
Mexico and Panama share a common history in the fact that both nations were colonized by the Spanish empire. In 1821, both nations obtained independence from Spain and Panama became part of the Gran Colombia. In 1831, the Gran Colombia dissolved into three separate nations (Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela) with Panama remaining part of Colombia.
In 1856, Mexico opened a consular office in Panama City which was under the administration of the Mexican Legation in Bogotá. [1] In 1899, Colombia and Panama were involved in an internal political war known as the Thousand Days' War which lasted until 1902. The United States took advantage of the war to build a canal in Panama and when Colombia refused to ratify the Hay–Herrán Treaty; the United States sponsored a rebellion for the separation of Panama from Colombia. On 3 November 1903 Panama became an independent nation. Mexico and Panama established diplomatic relations on 1 March 1904. [1]
In 1956, Mexican President Adolfo Ruiz Cortines paid a visit to Panama, the first by a Mexican head-of-state. [1] In 1969, Panamanian President Omar Torrijos paid a visit to Mexico. There would be several high-level visits between leaders of both nations.
During the 1970s, Mexico became a vocal supporter for dialogue between Panama and the United States for eventual Panamanian control of the Panama Canal. In 1977, Panama and the United States signed the Torrijos–Carter Treaties giving Panama eventual control of the canal in December 1999. [1] During the 1980s, foreign ministers of Colombia, Mexico, Panama and Venezuela created the Contadora Group in order to diplomatically try to resolve the crisis facing many Central American nations at the time. [2]
In 1989, Mexico and Panama withdrew their respective ambassadors after the accusations from the United States and international community that the former Panamanian President Manuel Noriega was involved in money laundering and was not democratically elected. [3] In December 1989, the United States invaded Panama and removed Noriega from power. [3] In September 1992, Mexico and Panama re-established full diplomatic relations. [1]
On 31 December 1999, Mexican President Ernesto Zedillo joined Panamanian President Mireya Moscoso and other world leaders in the transfer of the Canal Zone to Panamanian control. [4]
In March 2024, both nations celebrated 120 years of diplomatic relations. [5]
Presidential visits from Mexico to Panama [1] [6] [7] [8] [9]
Presidential visits from Panama to Mexico [1] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14]
Both nations have signed several bilateral agreements such as an Agreement on Consular Assistance (1928); Treaty on the Execution of Criminal Judgments (1979); Agreement on Cooperation to Combat Drug Trafficking and Drug Dependency (1995); Agreement on Air Transportation (1996); Agreement on Technical and Scientific Cooperation (1996); Agreement on Educational and Cultural Cooperation (1997); Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters (1997); Agreement on Touristic Cooperation (2000); Agreement for Mutual Cooperation in the Exchange of Information regarding Financial Transactions carried out through Financial Institutions to Prevent, Detect and Combat Operations of Illegal Origin or Money Laundering (2002); Extradition Treaty (2004) and an Agreement to Avoid Double Taxation and Prevent Tax Evasion in Tax on Income (2010). [15]
There are direct flights between both nations with Copa Airlines.
In April 2014, both nations signed a free trade agreement. [15] In 2023, two-way trade between both nations amounted to US$1.9 billion. [16] Mexico's main exports to Panama include: household electronics, steel, copper alloys and construction parts, motor vehicles, alcohol and petroleum oil. Panama's main exports to Mexico include: palm oil, chemical based products, machinery parts, fish and meat, and essential oils for the perfume industry. [16] Mexican multinational companies such as América Móvil, Cemex, Grupo Bimbo and Gruma (among others) operate in Panama.
Martín Erasto Torrijos Espino is a Panamanian politician who was President of Panama from 2004 to 2009.
The nations of Chile and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1831, however, relations were severed in 1974 in the aftermath of the 1973 Chilean coup d'état. Diplomatic relations were re-established in 1990 and have continued unabated since.
The nations of Argentina and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1888. Both nations are members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, G-20 major economies, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The nations of Colombia and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1821 when Colombia became the first country in Latin-America to recognize Mexico's independence. Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States, Pacific Alliance and the United Nations.
The nations of Finland and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1936. Both nations are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the United Nations.
The nations of Italy and Mexico first established formal diplomatic relations in 1874, following the unification of Italy. The two nations were twice on the opposite sides of 20th century conflicts: first in the Spanish Civil War from 1936 to 1939, and later during World War II from 1942 to 1945. Mexico re-established diplomatic relations with Italy in 1946 and relations have continued unabated since.
The nations of Mexico and Uruguay established diplomatic relations in 1831. Both nations are members of the Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The nations of Mexico and Paraguay established diplomatic relations in 1831. Both countries are full members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
Panama is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America
The nations of Mexico and Venezuela established diplomatic relations in 1831, however, diplomatic relations between both nations have been historically unstable on several occasions. During the Venezuelan presidential crisis, Mexico took a neutral position and has continued to maintain diplomatic relations with the government of President Nicolás Maduro.
Guatemala and Mexico are neighboring nations who established diplomatic relations in 1848. In January 1959 both nations broke diplomatic relations as a result of the Mexico–Guatemala conflict, however, diplomatic relations were re-established 8 months later in September of that same year. Since then diplomatic relations have continued unabated since. Diplomatic relations between both nations are based on close proximity, trade, cultural similarities and a shared history.
Mexico–Portugal relations are the diplomatic relations between Mexico and Portugal. Both nations are members of the Organization of Ibero-American States, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the United Nations.
The nations of Bolivia and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1831. Both nations are members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The nations of El Salvador and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1838. Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The nations of Ecuador and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1830. Both nations are members of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
The nations of Mexico and Nicaragua established diplomatic relations in 1839, however, relations were briefly severed in May 1979 and restored a few months later in July 1979 with the ousting of Nicaraguan President Anastasio Somoza Debayle. Diplomatic relations between both nations have continued unabated since.
The nations of Costa Rica and Mexico established diplomatic relations 1838. Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations.
Panama–Spain relations are the diplomatic relations between Panama and Spain. Both nations are members of the Association of Academies of the Spanish Language and the Organization of Ibero-American States.
Mexico–Trinidad and Tobago relations refers to the diplomatic relations between the United Mexican States and the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Organization of American States and the United Nations.
China–Colombia relations refers to the diplomatic relations between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Colombia. Diplomatic relations were established in 1980. Both nations are members of the Group of 77 and the United Nations.
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