Michael II of Antioch

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Michael II
Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch and All the East
Church Syriac Orthodox Church
See Antioch
Installed1292
Term ended1312
Predecessor Philoxenus I Nemrud
Successor Michael III Yeshu
Personal details
Died7 December 1312

Michael II was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1292 until his death in 1312. [a]

Contents

Biography

Upon the death of the patriarch Ignatius IV Yeshu in 1282, Barṣoum, [b] archimandrite of the Kuwaykhat Monastery, near Mopsuestia in Cilicia, attempted to win support in his bid to become patriarch, as Ignatius IV Yeshu had been archimandrite of the Kuwaykhat Monastery prior to his election as patriarch. [8] However, Barṣoum was foiled by Yaʿqob, a priest of Qalʿah Rumaita, who forced the bishops of Gubos, Qlisura, and Gargar to consecrate his brother’s son Philoxenus Nemrud as patriarch in 1283 (AG 1594). [4]

Turmoil followed the death of Philoxenus Nemrud in July 1292 (AG 1603) as Constantine, metropolitan of Melitene, bribed three bishops to consecrated him as patriarch in November. [9] Barṣoum, who had the support of western bishops due to his good relationship with the king of Armenia and with the Mongols and Greeks, was also consecrated as patriarch in November by Iyawannis, metropolitan of Tarsus, and Basil, metropolitan of Jerusalem, and assumed the names Ignatius and Michael. [10] Ignatius bar Wahib subsequently was consecrated as patriarch of Mardin in January 1293. [11]

Michael established his patriarchate at the Kuwaykhat Monastery and was recognised as patriarch by the maphrian Barsawma al-Safi. [12] He issued a general proclamation on 6 January 1295 addressed to the dioceses of Konya, Sivas, Caesarea, Aqsara, Qarshihr, Amasya, Niksar, Semando, Konda, and Dawlo and their villages declaring his ascension to the patriarchate, and excommunicated Constantine of Melitene and his supporters. [13] The proclamation was also signed by Iyawannis, metropolitan of Tarsus, and Basil, metropolitan of Jerusalem. [14] In 1301, he resided at the White Monastery near Dara. [15] He served as patriarch of Antioch until his death on 7 December 1312 (AG 1624). [16]

References

Notes

  1. Michael is counted as either Michael I as the first patriarch by that name in Cilicia, [1] Michael II (Mikha’il II) after Michael I (r.1166–1199), [2] or Michael III (Mikha’il III) after Michael II the Younger (r.1199–1215). [3] Also known as Ignatius Mikhaʾil I, [4] Ignatius Mīkhāʾīl Bar Ṣawmo, [5] or Ignatius Michael. [6] (Arabic: البطريرك ميخائيل الثاني; Syriac: ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܡܝܟܐܝܠ ܬܪܝܢܐ). [7]
  2. Also spelt as Barsawma. [4]

Citations

  1. Burleson & Rompay (2011), p. 488.
  2. Barsoum (2003), p. 488; Barsoum (2008), p. 13.
  3. Burleson & Rompay (2011), p. 488; Barsoum (2008), p. 58.
  4. 1 2 3 Wilmshurst (2016), p. 282.
  5. Carlson (2018), p. 267.
  6. Wilmshurst (2019), p. 808.
  7. James E. Walters (17 August 2016). "Michael I (III), patriarch". A Guide to Syriac Authors. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
  8. Barsoum (2003), pp. 488, 565; Wilmshurst (2016), pp. 282, 284.
  9. Wilmshurst (2016), pp. 282, 284.
  10. Barsoum (2008), p. 58; Barsoum (2003), p. 488; Wilmshurst (2016), pp. 282, 284.
  11. Barsoum (2008), p. 48.
  12. Wilmshurst (2016), p. 284.
  13. Barsoum (2003), p. 488.
  14. Barsoum (2008), p. 58.
  15. Barsoum (2008), p. 13.
  16. Barsoum (2003), p. 488; Wilmshurst (2016), p. 286.

Bibliography

Preceded by Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch
1292–1312
Succeeded by